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ABSTRACT
This paper reviews our current understanding of how fullerene molecules interact with biological membranes. First, we discuss how fullerenes permeate into biological membranes. Next, the putative mechanisms of fullerene aggregation and dispersion within lipid bilayers are discussed along with their potential toxic effect on biological membranes. Finally, current trends in the study of fullerene-membrane interactions are highlighted as well as future challenges that need to be overcome to further advance the field.
Graphical Abstract
Abbreviations
| C60 | = | Buckminsterfullerene |
| MD | = | Molecular Dynamics |
| CG | = | Coarse – grained |
| PMF | = | Potential of Mean Force |
| NMR | = | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance |
| ROS | = | Reactive Oxygen Species |
| DPPC | = | Dipalmitoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DMPC | = | Dimyristoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DOPC | = | Dioleoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DLPC | = | Dilauroyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DSPC | = | Distearoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DFPC | = | Dioctadecatrienoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DAPC | = | Diarachidoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DVPC | = | Divaleryl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| DUPC | = | Dilinoleoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
| POPC | = | Palmitoyloleoyl – Phosphatidylcholine |
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).