Abstract
Looking at the role plants and horticulture play in other cultures can not only inform us and increase our understanding of other cultures, but can also introduce us to new ways of appreciating and interacting with plants and making the most of the benefits of horticulture in our own home culture. This study, as an example, focuses on the small city of Hikone, Japan. It describes and examines the role of elite and vernacular gardens and public open spaces in community life and the various horticultural activities of the population. Issues such as social stratification, quality of life improvement, civic pride and the effects of modernization are stressed.