Comparative Efficacy Between Intense Pulsed Light Narrow Spectrum and Broad Spectrum in the Treatment of Post-Acne Erythema (PAE)

Abstract

Purpose

Post-acne erythema (PAE) is one of the most common physical sequelae of acne regression, PAE can resolve spontaneously, but in some patients it may last for years. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of narrow and broad spectrum filters of intense pulsed light (IPL) for the treatment of PAE.

Patients and Methods

This prospective study evaluated 60 patients with PAE for at least 6 months, assigned equally to three groups: 1st group received narrow-spectrum with vascular filter (530–650 nm and 900–1200 nm), 2nd group received broad-spectrum with (560/590–1200 nm) filters, the appropriate adjustments were made according to patient’s skin colour. Every patient received four sessions one month apart. 3rd group is blank control group did not receive any treatment. CAT (CEA (Clinical Erythema Assessment), Area, and Telangiectasia) used to grade clearance of PAE before and after treatment, Investigators Global Assessment (IGA) used to assess the improvement score after the treatment, and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) used to evaluate the impact of PAE on patients’ Quality of Life (QoL). Self-satisfaction scale completed at the follow-up. Adverse events and acne relapse were recorded.

Results

A significant decrease of CAT score in vascular group (P<0.05). IGA scale showed significant improvement after vascular treatment. A significant decrease in CADI (P<0.05) after vascular treatment. Patient satisfaction was higher in vascular group than control and blank control groups. Acne relapse observed in control and blank control groups (40% and 15%, respectively).10% of patients showed pigmentation, 15% had blisters after 590 nm treatment.

Conclusion

IPL vascular filter (530–650 nm and 900–1200 nm) have efficacy in the treatment of PAE. CADI score, patient satisfaction, and acne relapse were significantly better after vascular narrow spectrum treatment than broad-spectrum treatment.

Keywords:

• PAE
• vascular filter
• acne relapse
• CADI
• IPL

Abbreviations

PAE, post-acne erythema; IPL, intense pulsed light; P. acnes, Propionibacterium acnes; CAT, CEA, Area, Telangiectasia; CEA, clinical erythema assessment; IGA, investigator’s global assessment; CADI, Cardiff Acne Disability Index; PDL, pulsed dye laser; QoL, quality of life.

Ethical Approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. [2023]No.076. The procedures used in this study adhered to tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Informed Consent

All the participants who appear in the figures contained in our manuscript provided informed consent for their images to be published.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the laser department residents and nurses for their assistance with this study.

Disclosure

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by the Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, China [grant number 202310288].