https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8772-011X
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Abstract
Objective
Weekend sleep duration is linked to health issues, including mortality. However, how weekend sleep duration can impact chronic kidney disease (CKD) still needs to be understood. Therefore, we aimed to analyze how weekend sleep duration is associated with kidney function.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We included 5362 study participants and categorized them into nine subgroups by sleep duration (short: ≤6 hours, normal: 6–9 hours, and long: ≥9 hours) on weekdays and weekends and analyzed for the respective association with renal function using stratified multivariable linear regression.
Results
Weekend sleep duration for 9 hours or more was associated with decreasing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels by 2.8 to 6.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 among people with long to short weekday sleep duration compared with short weekday and weekend sleep durations (control group) after adjusting for demographic characteristics, body measurement, sleep quality, smoking, and comorbidities. The study population with short weekday sleep duration (sWK) and long weekend sleep duration (lWD) had the most significant decline in eGFR. For the study population with sWK, eGFR level significantly decreased by 1.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 as sleep duration on weekends increased by one hour.
Conclusion
The underlying mediators of lWD and CKD could be the dysregulation of human behaviors, metabolism, or biological functions. Longer weekend sleep duration was linked to a decrease in eGFR levels. It warrants further study to clarify the mediators.
Graphical Abstract
Abbreviations
CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; WK, weekdays; WKD, weekends; ANOVA, analysis of variance.
Research Involving Human Participants and/or Animals
This study utilized secondary data from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), indicating that we did not directly involve or handle any human participants or animals in the actual research. NHANES is a large-scale survey conducted by government agencies, with prior informed consent obtained from the participants. Therefore, in conducting secondary analysis, we did not undertake new research involving human or animal participation and did not require additional ethical review approval. We respect the privacy and ethical principles of the original survey, ensuring that the use of research findings complies with relevant laws and standards.
Acknowledgments
Institution where work was performed: National Defense Medical Center.
Author Contributions
All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, whether that is in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Disclosure
The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.