Impacts of coastal protection measures along the coast of Kerala, India (through remote sensing techniques)

ABSTRACT

The maritime state, Kerala, is located along the southwest coast of the Indian peninsula, which extends from Trivandrum district (8° 17´ 41.03´´ N, 77° 5´ 37.29´´ E) in the South to Kasaragod district (12° 45´ 20.76´´ N, 74° 51´ 58.92´´ E) in the North, exposed to the waves from the Arabian Sea. The shoreline is extremely dynamic due to the impact of waves, tides, currents, coastal orientation and other associated occasional coastal hazards. The annual climatic calendar for the Kerala coast can be broadly classified as South-West monsoon (June to September), North-East Monsoon (October to December), and Pre-monsoon or Non-Monsoon (January to May). Prior to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, a standardised seawall section had been preferred for highly eroding coastal stretches. The coastal hazards in addition to the tsunami impact paved the way for considering several other structures for coastal protection, of which groyne fields have been predominantly implemented. As it is essential to quantify the performance assessment of these protection measures, an exercise using the DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) tool was carried out, the results of which are presented and discussed in this paper.

KEYWORDS:

• Coastal protection measures
• Groynes
• DSAS
• performance assessment, shoreline mapping

Acknowledgements

Sincere thanks to the authorities of Kerala Irrigation Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited, Kerala State Coastal Area Development Corporation Limited, Kerala Irrigation Department, Department of Tourism & Harbour Engineering Department of Govt of Kerala, India, for entrusting the responsibility of designing the coastal protection measures discussed in this paper to the authors.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The work was supported by the Kerala Irrigation Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited, Kerala State Coastal Area Development Corporation Limited, Kerala Irrigation Department, Department of Tourism & Harbour Engineering department of Govt of Kerala, India .