The effects of the use of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in agriculture and households on water and sediment pollution in the Cikeruh River, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

The use of organochlorine pesticides has been banned because of their persistent nature. In response to this ban, the agricultural sector replaces organochlorine pesticides with organophosphate pesticides that are more easily degraded but are generally more toxic. Cikeruh River is part of the Upper Citarum Watershed. This research was aimed to determine the effects of using organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in the water and sediment of the Cikeruh River. The water and sediment samples were taken from ten points along the river and then analyzed using a gas chromatography method to determine the pesticide concentration. The results of organochlorine pesticides were not detected in all water samples, while in the sediment were found 4-point samples, namely lindane and endrine. Organophosphate pesticides detected in all water samples were diazinon, chlorpyrifos, malathion, fenitrothion, parathion, methidathion and profenofos. Meanwhile, organophosphate pesticides detected in sediment samples were diazinon, chlorpyrifos, malathion, fenitrothion, parathion, methidathion and profenofos. The highest organochlorine was found in the sediments (7.376 ppb), and the highest organophosphate was found in the water (223.61 ppb).

KEYWORDS:

• Organophosphate
• organochlorine
• pesticide pollution
• Cikeruh River

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the support of environmental mangement technology reaserch group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, and I thank all those who have helped in completing this research.

Availability of data and material

The dataset generated and / or analyzed during the study is currently available in the manuscript

Authors contribution

Katharina Oginawati: Supervision, Funding Acquisition, Conceptualization, Methodology.

Septian Hadi Susetyo: Writing original draft, Data Curation, Review and Editing, Visualization.

Anindyta Nursilmi Kahfa: Conceptualization, Writing original draft, Data Curation and Sampling.

Consent to publish

The authors agree to publish everything in the paper. No human or animal respondents were used in this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Ethical approval and consent to participate

The authors declare that no human or animal respondents were involved in this study.