Heavy metal worker’s pneumonoconiosis with lung parenchymal damage and Peripheral neuropathy: case report

Abstract

Heavy metals even at low concentrations can damage all systems in the human body from the cellular level by causing disruptions in DNA repair mechanisms, cell division and apoptosis. A 49-year-old man who had been working in the sanding and deburring department of a factory producing underground water pipes for 15 years, presented with complaints of effort dyspnea, cough and loss of strength in his left hand. Computed tomography of the lung revealed diffuse micronodular appearance in all zones in both lungs, subpleural nodule and bronchial dilatation. All serological tests for autoimmune disease were negative. Neurological examination of the patient revealed signs of 2nd motor neuron involvement only in one upper extremity. All of the tests that were studied for the differential diagnosis of multifocal motor neuropathy were found negative. Open lung biopsy with videothoracoscopy was practiced and interstitial changes were observed in the lung parenchyma with intense iron accumulation with Prussian blue stain. The patient was diagnosed with hard metal lung disease (HMLD) and toxic neuropathy (TN) with peripheral nerve involvement due to exposure to metal dust in the working environment. Although the patient had no loss of lung function, he was removed from the working environment, because of function loss in the left hand and is still being followed up.

KEYWORDS:

• Hard metal lung disease
• heavy metals
• iron accumulation
• toxic neuropathy

Authors’ contributions

Writing content in the manuscript (NGA, ZU). Literature search (NGA). Critical revision and administration during manuscript writing (NGA, ZU). Surgical specimen collection (MA). Evaluation of cytological specimens and preparation of figures (MB, NGA, MA).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.