Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A serum levels and common gene polymorphisms in generalized periodontitis affected patients

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow chart of patient recruitment model.

Table 1. Genotype and allele distribution of VEGFA (rs1570360, rs699947, rs3025033, and rs2146323) in periodontitis and reference groups.

Genotype/Allele	Periodontitis n = 261 n (%)	Reference group n = 441 n (%)	p-value
rs1570360
GG	120 (46.0)	196 (44.4)	0.158
AG	103 (39.5)	156 (35.4)
AA	38 (14.5)	89 (20.2)
Total	261 (100)	441 (100)
G	343 (65.7)	548 (62.1)	0.179
A	179 (34.3)	334 (37.9)
rs699947
AA	63 (24.1)	133 (30.2)	0.217
AC	137 (52.5)	209 (47.4)
CC	61 (23.4)	99 (22.4)
Total	261 (100)	441 (100)
A	263 (50.4)	475 (53.9)	0.208
C	259 (49.6)	407 (46.1)
rs3025033
AA	176 (67.4)	274 (62.1)	0.023
AG	81 (31.0)	142 (32.2)
GG	4 (1.6)^1	25 (5.7)^a
Total	261 (100)	441 (100)
A	433 (83.0)	690 (78.2)	0.033
G	89 (17.0)	192 (21.8)
rs2146323
CC	122 (46.7)	185 (42.0)	0.236
CA	108 (41.4)	185 (42.0)
AA	31 (11.9)	71 (16.1)
Total	261 (100)	441 (100)
C	352 (67.4)	555 (62.9)	0.088
A	170 (32.6)	327 (37.1)

p-value - significance level;

^a(GG vs. AA + AG) p = 0.008; Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold (p < 0.0125).

Table 2. Binomial logistic regression analysis of periodontitis and reference groups.

Model	Genotype/allele	OR (95% CI)*	p-value	AIC
rs1570360
Co-dominant	AG vs. GG AA vs. GG	1.08 (0.77–1.51) 0.70 (0.45–1.09)	0.661 0.110	926.7
Dominant	AG + AA vs. GG	0.94 (0.69–1.28)	0.693	928.4
Recessive	AA vs. GG + AG	0.67 (0.44–1.02)	0.063	924.9
Over-dominant	AG vs. GG + AA	1.19 (0.87–1.63)	0.278	927.3
Additive	A	0.88 (0.71–1.08)	0.221	927.0
rs699947
Co-dominant	AC vs. AA CC vs. AA	1.38 (0.96–2.00) 1.30 (0.84–2.02)	0.085 0.239	927.4
Dominant	AC + CC vs. AA	1.36 (0.96–1.92)	0.086	925.5
Recessive	CC vs. AA + AC	1.05 (0.73–1.52)	0.778	928.4
Over-dominant	AC vs. AA + AC	1.23 (0.90–1.67)	0.192	926.8
Additive	C	1.15 (0.92–1.42)	0.211	926.9
rs3025033
Co-dominant	AG vs. AA GG vs. AA	0.89 (0.64–1.24) 0.25 (0.09–0.73)	0.484 0.011	921.8
Dominant	AG + GG vs. AA	0.79 (0.57–1.09)	0.157	926.5
Recessive	GG vs. AG + AA	0.26 (0.09–0.75)	0.013	920.3
Over-dominant	AG vs. AA + GG	0.95 (0.68–1.32)	0.749	928.4
Additive	G	0.74 (0.56–0.98)	0.034	923.9
rs2146323
Codominant	CA vs. CC AA vs. CC	0.89 (0.64–1.23) 0.66 (0.41–1.07)	0.468 0.092	927.6
Dominant	CA + AA vs. CC	0.82 (0.61–1.12)	0.216	927.0
Recessive	AA vs. CC + CA	0.70 (0.45–1.10)	0.126	926.1
Over-dominant	CA vs. CC + AA	0.98 (0.72–1.33)	0.882	928.5
Additive	A	0.83 (0.67–1.04)	0.102	925.8

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; p–value: significance level; AIC: akaike information criteria.

*Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold (p < 0.0125).

Figure 2. VEGFA serum levels in periodontitis and reference group subjects. Mann-Whitney U test was used to Assess serum. (A) VEGFA serum levels comparison between periodontitis and reference group subjects. (B) VEGFA serum levels comparison between females and males in reference group. (C) VEGFA serum levels comparison between females and males in periodontitis group.

Table 3. Haplotype association with periodontitis.

Haplotype	VEGFA rs1570360	VEGFA rs699947	VEGFA rs3025033	VEGFA rs2146323	Frequency		OR (95 % CI)	p-value
					Reference group (%)	Periodontitis group (%)
1	G	C	A	C	31.86	36.39	1.00	–
2	A	A	A	C	16.52	14.13	0.77 (0.53 − 1.11)	0.17
3	G	A	A	A	14.75	15.93	1.01 (0.70 − 1.45)	0.98
4	A	A	A	A	10.65	9.18	0.78 (0.51 − 1.19)	0.25
5	G	C	G	C	9.84	6.94	0.72 (0.42 − 1.21)	0.21
6	A	A	G	A	6.12	2.89	0.42 (0.20 − 0.85)	0.017
7	G	A	G	A	5.29	3.42	0.57 (0.28 − 1.16)	0.12
8	A	C	A	C	4.18	5.14	1.37 (0.74 − 2.52)	0.31
Rare	*	*	*	*	NA	NA	6.01 (2.19 − 16.45)	<0.0001

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; p-value: significance level (statistically significant when p < 0.05).