MiRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow chart of literature screening.

Table 1. Basic characteristics of included literature.

Author	Year	Gestational age (x ± s, weeks, experimental group/control group) (weeks)	Age (experimental group/control group) (days)	Body weight (experimental group/control group) (kg)	Control group	MiRNAs	Test sample
Zhang et al. [16]	2022	Not reported	13.12 ± 4.71/12.29 ± 4.30	3.60 ± 0.31/3.62 ± 0.37	Non neonatal sepsis (respiratory tract infection or pneumonia)	miRNA96	Serum
Abdelaleem et al. [17]	2022	36.1 ± 1.9/37.5 ± 0.6	11 (3 − 21)/7.1 (4 − 12)	2.6 ± 0.4/2.7 ± 0.7	Healthy newborn	miR-34a-5p、miR-199a-3p	Blood
Fouda et al. [18]	2022	37.8 ± 0.5/37.80 ± 0.41	1.72 ± 2.11/2.40 ± 3.06	Not reported	Healthy newborn	miR-15b、miR-378a	Blood
Wang and Han [19]	2021	Not reported	12.8 ± 4.2/12.8 ± 4.6	3.6 ± 0.3/3.7 ± 0.3	Non neonatal sepsis (respiratory tract infection or pneumonia)	miR-1184	Blood
El-Hefnawy et al. [20]	2021	Not reported	1-11.0/1-15.0	Not reported	Healthy newborn	miR-16a、miR-451	Blood
Lin and Wang [21]	2021	Not reported	11.78 ± 4.21/11.55 ± 3.63	3.45 ± 0.30/3.47 ± 0.32	Non neonatal sepsis (respiratory tract infection or pneumonia)	miR-141	Serum
Mao et al. [22]	2021	Not reported	10.21 ± 4.04/11.41 ± 5.10	3.40 ± 0.46/3.39 ± 0.53	Healthy newborn	miR-455-5p	Blood
Li et al. [23]	2022	Not reported	11.28 ± 4.59/12.15 ± 5.31	3.52 ± 0.70/3.62 ± 0.76	Non neonatal sepsis (respiratory tract infection or pneumonia)	miR-129-5p	Serum
Liu et al. [24]	2020	Not reported	11.52 ± 4.01/11.74 ± 4.41	3.47 ± 0.3/3.49 ± 0.309	Non neonatal sepsis (respiratory tract infection or pneumonia)	miR-181a	Blood
Wang et al. [25]	2015	38.24 ± 2.16/38.86 ± 1.96	12.64 ± 7.62/13.96 ± 8.25	3.46 ± 0.52/3.36 ± 0.50	Non neonatal sepsis (respiratory tract infection or pneumonia)	miR-15a、miR-16	Blood
Sankar et al. [26]	2022	38% (>37 weeks), 62% (30–36 weeks)/53%(>37 weeks), 47%(30–36 weeks)	Not reported	57%(1500–2500g)、43%(>2500g)/47%(1500–2500g)、53%(>2500g)	Healthy newborn	miR-21、miR-29a	Blood
Zhang et al. [27]	2021	Not reported	11.88 ± 3.03/11.21 ± 2.78	3.23 ± 0.54/3.35 ± 0.56	Non neonatal sepsis (respiratory tract infection or pneumonia)	miR-101-3p	Blood
Ernst et al. [28]	2021	30.9 ± 3.1/31.0 ± 2.4	Not reported	1.683 ± 0.780/1.699 ± 0.622	Healthy newborn	miR-211-5p/ miR-142-3p	Umbilical cord plasma
Salim et al. [29]	2022	37.54 ± 0.579/(37.55 ± 0.605)	8.8 ± 3.37/8.95 ± 4.501	3.19 ± 0.34/(3.24 ± 0.39)	Non neonatal sepsis	miR-101、miR-187	Blood

Figure 2. Sensitivity and specificity for miRNAs to diagnose NS.

Figure 3. Negative likelihood ratio and positive likelihood ratio for miRNAs to diagnose NS.

Figure 4. Pooled diagnostic odds ratio analysis for miRNA to diagnose NS.

Figure 5. SROC curve of miRNA diagnosis NS.

Table 2. Subgroup analysis.

Parameter	Category	N studies	Sensitivity	p1	Specificity	p2
Expression	Down	9	0.77[0.71–0.82]	0.001	0.82[0.76–0.88]	0.001
	Up	11	0.75[0.70–0.81]	0.001	0.84[0.79–0.90]	0.001
Control group	Unhealthy	10	0.79[0.75–0.83]	0.001	0.85[0.79–0.90]	0.001
	Healthy	10	0.71[0.66–0.77]	0.001	0.81[0.75–0.87]	0.001

Figure 6. Sensitivity analysis of included literature.

Figure 7. Publication bias of included literature analyzed by Deek’s method.

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Data availability statement

The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.