User characteristics associated with use of wrist-worn wearables and physical activity apps by adults with and without impaired speech-in-noise recognition: a cross-sectional analysis

Figures & data

Table 1. Weekly use of fitness technology; descriptive data and results from the comparison between groups with normal and impaired SIN recognition.

	Total group	Normal SIN^a	Impaired SIN	Impaired SIN compared with normal SIN
	N = 725	n = 341	n = 384
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	OR	95%CI	p-Value
Smartwatch	18 (2.5)	8 (2.3)	10 (2.6)	1.46^c	0.44; 3.82	0.437
Fitness watch	55 (7.6)	36 (10.6)	19 (4.9)	0.74^d	0.37; 1.48	0.395
Physical activity apps^b	59 (8.1)	33 (9.7)	26 (6.8)	0.87^e	0.50; 1.51	0.619

^aSIN: speech-in-noise recognition; ^bUse of a physical activity app on a smartphone, tablet or smartwatch; ^cModel adjusted for working status; ^dModel adjusted for working status, age and hearing aid use; ^eModel adjusted for working status and age.

Table 2. Multivariable association model of the odds ratios for fitness technology use.

	Smartwatch		Fitness watch		Physical activity app
	OR (95%CI)	p-Value	OR (95%CI)	p-Value	OR (95%CI)	p-Value
Working situation, employee or business owner vs other	5.69 (1.82; 17.74)	0.003	3.44 (1.81; 6.55)	<0.001	3.87 (2.11; 7.10)	<0.001
Sex, female vs male	0.18 (0.06; 0.52)	0.002	–	–	–	–
Alcohol consumption, reference group Q2 (1–2 glasses/week)	–	–		0.006	–	–
Q1 (0 glasses/week)			0.30 (0.14; 0.64)
Q3 (3–7 glasses/week)			0.36 (0.16; 0.81)
Q4 (8–84 glasses/week)			0.36 (0.16; 0.81)
Hearing aid use	–	–	0.47 (0.24; 0.90)	0.024	–	–
Living situation	–	–	2.50 (1.08; 5.79)	0.033	–	–