Mental Health Among Puerto Rican Adolescents Living in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Figures & data

Table 1. Bivariate correlations, means, and standard deviations.

Measure	1	2	3	4	5	6
1. Psychological distress	−	−	−	−	−	−
2. Family financial stress	.27**	−	−	−	−	−
3. Family violence	.31**	.27**	−	−	−	−
4. Food insecurity	.43**	.44**	.34**	−	−	−
5. Race	−.12	.06	−.03	−.01	−	−
6. Gender	.21*	.22*	.09	.12	−.17	−
M (SD)	47.80 (25.44)	7.86 (4.99)	1.42 (1.00)	3.45 (3.38)	−	−

Note: **p < .01, *p < .05. Gender (boys = 0, girls = 1); Race (BIPOC = 0, White = 1).

Table 2. Hierarchical regression analysis of predictors of psychological distress.

Predictor	R^2	∆R^2	F	∆F	t	b	β
Step 1	.05*		3.12*
Gender					2.00*	9.45*	.19*
Race					−1.11	−5.22	−.10
Step 2	.24***	.19***	7.06***	9.25***
Gender					1.40	6.15	.12
Race					−1.13	−4.87	−.10
FFS					.52	.25	.05
FV					1.91	4.73	.17
FI					3.46***	2.48***	.33***
Step 3	.25***	.01	5.20***	.64
Gender					1.46	6.47	.13
Race					−1.12	−4.86	−.10
FFS					.79	.40	.08
FV					1.94	4.96	.18
FI					3.17*	2.37*	.32*
FFS x FV					−.86	−.46	−.09
FFS x FI					−.22	−.04	−.02
Step 4	.29*	.04	4.89***	3.13*
Gender					1.56	6.78	.13
Race					−1.12	−4.77	−.09
FFS					.74	.37	.07
FV					1.95	4.93	.18
FI					3.37**	2.48**	.33**
FFS x FV					−1.27	−.68	−.13
FFS x FI					−.33	−.05	−.03
FFS x Gender					−.08	−.07	−.01
FFS x Race					−2.49*	−2.16*	−.21*

Note: Gender (boys = 0, girls = 1); Race (BIPOC = 0, White = 1); FFS = Family financial stress; FV = Family violence; FI = Food insecurity. ***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < 05.

Figure 1. Family financial stress by race interaction plot.