Hypertension, Systemic Inflammation and Body Weight in Relation to Lung Function Impairment—An Epidemiological Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of subjects without and with hypertension (mean ± SD or%)

	No hypertension (n = 505)	Hypertension (n = 245)	p-value
Age (years)	53.3 ± 10.5	62.8 ± 11.6	< 0.0001
Women (%)	45.0	51.0	0.12
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.3 ± 4.5	29.0 ± 5.4	< 0.0001
Ex-smokers	41.1	46.5	0.16
Current smokers (%)	21.4	12.2	0.002
Pack-years (% per group)			0.52
0	37.7	41.2
> 0–5	13.3	13.1
> 5–20	24.8	20.8
> 20	24.2	24.9
CRP (mg/L) (%per group)			< 0.0001
< 0.75	25.5	21.8
0.75–1.27	29.8	17.6
1.27–3.25	23.5	28.4
> 3.25	21.2	32.2

Figure 1 Hypertension and impaired lung function (FEV₁ < 80% predicted in different age groups).

Table 2 Lung function (mean ± SD) in relation to hypertension, BMI and CRP

	FEV1% pred	FVC% pred
Hypertension
No	94.5 ± 14.4	95.3 ± 12.3
Yes	89.9 ± 18.5	92.2 ± 15.1
p-value	0.0002	0.002
BMI kg/m^2
< 20 (n = 15)	83.6 ± 25.1	94.6 ± 19.4
20–25 (n = 201)	94.6 ± 16.8	97.9 ± 13.2
25–30 (n = 330)	94.5 ± 15.2	95.2 ± 12.6
> 30 (n = 212)	89.8 ± 14.9	89.2 ± 12.8
p-value	0.0003	< 0.0001
CRP mg/L
< 0.75	97.4 ± 15.2	99.0 ± 12.2
0.75–1.27	94.2 ± 15.6	95.3 ± 13.1
1.27–3.25	92.6 ± 14.4	93.4 ± 12.7
> 3.25	88.4 ± 16.8	89.6 ± 13.4
ptrend-value	< 0.0001	< 0.0001

Table 3 Independent effect of hypertension, BMI and CRP on lung function shown as the difference in% predicted values (and 95% CI)

	FEV1% pred	FVC% pred
Hypertension
No	0	0
Yes	−3.8 (−6,3, −1.2)	−2.6 (−4.7, −0.4)
BMI kg/m2
< 20	−8.6 (−17, 0.3)	−2.1 (−9.6, 5.3)
20–25	0	0
25–30	1.2 (−1.6, 4.0)	−1.5 (−3.8, 0.9)
> 30	−1.8 (−5.0, 1.3)	−5.9 (−8.5, −3.2)
CRP mg/L
< 0.75	0	0
0.75–1.27	−3.2 (−6.4, −0.04)	−2.9 (−5.5, −0.2)
1.27–3.25	−3.7 (−6.9, −0.5)	−3.9 (−6.6, −1.2)
> 3.25	−6.2 (−9.5, −2.9)	−7.0 (−10, −4.2)

The effect is adjusted for the variables in the table and age, sex, current smoking and pack-years.

Figure 2 Association between lung function and hypertension, obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m²) and high CRP (above median). The associations were adjusted for age, sex, current smoking and pack-years.