Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment outcomes among TB patients aged 15 years and older at chawama level one hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

Figures & data

Table 1. Definition of key terms.

SN	Term	Definition
1	Cured	A pulmonary TB patient with bacteriologically confirmed TB at the beginning of treatment who was smear- or culture-negative in the last month of treatment and on at least one previous occasion.
2	Treatment completed	A TB patient who completed treatment without evidence of failure BUT with no record to show that sputum smear or culture results in the last month of treatment and on at least one previous occasion were negative, either because tests were not done or because results are unavailable.
3	Treatment failed	A TB patient whose sputum smear or culture is positive at month 5 or later during treatment.
4	Not evaluated	A TB patient for whom no treatment outcome is assigned. This includes cases ‘transferred out’ to another treatment unit as well as cases for whom the treatment outcome is unknown to the reporting unit.
5	Lost to follow-up	A TB patient who did not start treatment or whose treatment was interrupted for 2 consecutive months or more.
6	Died	A TB patient who dies for any reason before starting or during treatment.
7	Treatment success	the sum of the cases that were cured and completed treatment.
8	Unsuccessful treatment	Sum of the cases that were treatment failed, died, lost to follow up and not evaluated, were regarded as

Table 2. Frequency distribution of the participants.

Variables	Count n (%)	Treatment Failure n (%)	Treatment Success n (%)	p-value
Sex
Female	127 (31.44%)	20 (29.85%)	107 (31.75%)	0.760
Male	277 (68.56%)	47 (70.15%)	230 (68.25%)
Age group
15 - 24	67 (16.58%)	10 (14.93%)	57 (16.91%)	0.100
25 - 34	125 (30.94%)	21 (31.34%)	104 (30.86%)
35 - 44	121 (29.95%)	12 (25.37%)	104 (30.86%)
45 - 55	44 (10.89%)	5 (7.46%)	39 (11.57%)
55 - 64	29 (7.18%)	7 (10.45%)	22 (6.53%)
65+	18 (4.46%)	8 (10.45%)	11 (3.26%)
Patient type
New	328 (81.19%)	55 (82.09%)	273 (81.01%)	0.836
Relapse	76 (18.81%)	12 (17.91%)	64 (18.81%)
TB Type
BTB	197 (48.76%)	31 (46.27%)	166 (49.26%)	0.655
PTB	207 (51.24%)	36 (53.73%)	171 (50.74%)
HIV Status
Negative	213 (52.72%)	36 (53.73%)	177 (52.52%)	0.856
Positive	191 (47.28%)	31 (46.27%)	160 (47.48%)
DOT
Clinic	181 (44.80%)	31 (46.27%)	150 (44.51%)	0.792
Relative	223 (55.20%)	36 (53.73%)	187 (55.49%)

*Significant p-value at 95% CI ≤ 0.05

Figure 1. Specific TB treatment outcomes.

Figure 2. TB treatment outcomes.

Figure 3. Proportion of TB/HIV Coinfected on ART.

Table 3. Factors Associated with TB treatment outcomes among TB patients aged 15 years and older.

Variables	OR (95% CI)	p-value	AOR (95% CI)	p-value
Sex
Female	Ref		Ref
Male	0.915 (0.517–1.620)	0.760	0.910 (0.498–1.665)	0.760
Age group
15 - 24	Ref		Ref
25 - 34	0.869 (0.383–1.972)	0.737	0.888 (0.381–2.073)	0.784
35 - 44	1.073 (0.461–2.499)	0.870	1.101 (0.449–2.700)	0.834
45 - 54	1.368 (0.434–4.314)	0.592	1.407 (0.433–4.571)	0.571
55 - 64	0.551 (0.187–1.630)	0.282	0.533 (0.176–1.612)	0.265
65+	0.276 (0.086–0.881)	0.030	0.271 (0.083–0.882)	0.030
Patient type
New	Ref		Ref
Relapse	1.074 (0.544–2.123)	0.836	1.112 (0.548–2.252)	0.768
TB Type
BTB	Ref		Ref
PTB	0.887 (0.524–1.500)	0.655	0.695 (0.311–1.555)	0.376
HIV Status
Negative	Ref		Ref
Positive	1.050 (0.621 -1.776)	0.856	0.917 (0.520–1.617)	0.765
DOT
Clinic	Ref		Ref
Relative	1.074 (0.634–1.817)	0.792	1.528 (0.683–3.419)	0.302

*Significant p-value at 95% CI ≤ 0.05