The intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine among the students of health science in Vietnam

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (N = 854)

Variables	Overall n (%)	COVID-19 vaccine intention		p
		Yes, n (%) 658 (77.1%)	No, n (%) 196 (22.9%)
Age (Mean ± SD)	22.1 ± 2.5	22.2 ± 2.5	21.6 ± 2.5	<.001*
Gender
Male	316(37.0)	251(79.4)	65(20.6)	.205
Female	538(63.0)	407(75.7)	131(24.3)
Religion
No	687(80.4)	530(77.2)	157(22.8)	.890
Yes	167(19.6)	128(76.7)	39(23.3)
Specialty
Medicine	392 (45.9)	301 (45.7)	91 (46.4)
Preventive Medicine	347 (40.6)	277 (42.1)	70 (35.7)	.075
Public Health	115 (13.5)	80 (12.2)	35 (17.7)
Year of education
1	196(22.9)	134(68.4)	62(31.6)
2	164(19.2)	113(68.9)	51(31.1)
3	106(12.4)	79(74.5)	27(25.5)	<.001
4	135(15.8)	123(91.1)	12(8.9)
5	119(13.9)	107(89.9)	12(10.1)
6	134(15.7)	102(76.1)	32(23.9)
Source of COVID-19 information
Television	654(76.6)	148(74.0)	52(26.0)	.241
Social media	756(88.5)	605(80.1)	151(19.9)	<.001
Relatives	577(67.6)	459(79.6)	118(20.4)	.012
Website of Hospital/Ministry of Health	625(73.2)	500(80.0)	125(20.0)	.001

*t-test.

Table 2. Univariate analyses between HBM and TPB variables and the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 (N = 854)

Variables	Overall Mean ± SD	COVID-19 vaccine intention		t-test	p
		Yes (n = 658)	No (n = 196)
Knowledge	8.2 ± 1.3	8.3 ± 1.3	7.9 ± 1.5	−3.19	.002
HBM covariates
Perceived Susceptibility and Severity	3.1 ± 0.7	3.2 ± 0.7	2.9 ± 0.7	−3.08	.002
Perceived Benefits	2.9 ± 0.7	2.9 ± 0.7	2.7 ± 0.6	−4.95	<.001
Perceived Barriers	3.5 ± 0.6	3.5 ± 0.6	3.6 ± 0.5	1.67	.093
Cues to action	4.1 ± 0.6	4.2 ± 0.5	3.7 ± 0.6	−10.8	<.001
TPB covariates
Attitude	4.3 ± 0.7	4.4 ± 0.7	4.0 ± 0.8	−7.47	<.001
Subjective norms	3.7 ± 0.5	3.7 ± 0.4	3.5 ± 0.5	−5.07	<.001
PBC	3.9 ± 0.7	4.1 ± 0.6	3.5 ± 0.6	−9.95	<.001
Self-efficacy	2.9 ± 0.5	2.9 ± 0.6	2.7 ± 0.5	−3.67	<.001

Table 3. The multiple regression analysis of factors associated with intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 (N = 854)

Variables	OR (95% CI)	p
Year of education
1	Reference
2	0.9 (0.55–1.60)	.824
3	3.1 (1.61–6.04)	.001
4	6.5(2.98–14.1)	<.001
5	4.7 (2.09–10.3)	<.001
6	1.6(0.89–2.84)	.119
Knowledge (Mean ± SD)	1.2(1.01–1.38)	.048
HBM model
Perceived Susceptibility and Severity	1.3(0.99–1.74)	.054
Perceived Benefits	2.6 (1.83–3.59)	<.001
Cues to action	2.7(1.72–4.13)	<.001
TPB model
Attitude	1.4(1.01–1.92)	.043
Subjective norms	0.9(0.62–1.57)	.943
PBC	2.9(2.04–3.99)	<.001
Self-efficacy	0.8(0.56–1.24)	.373

Table 4. Reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (n = 196)

Reasons	N (%)
Afraid of the side effects	143(73.0)
A desire to delay and follow up on the safety of the vaccine	128(65.3)
Afraid of the process of new vaccine development is too quickly	105(53.6)
Having a plan to use other preventive measures such as masks, washing hand, social distance, avoid to crowded places	86(43.9)
Afraid of needles	54(27.6)
The vaccines could lead to COVID-19	43(21.9)
Afraid of the expensive vaccination costs	36(18.4)
Not in the high-risk group	36(18.4)
Do not trust the government	20(10.2)
Vaccines are not effective	15(7.7)

Data availability

The data used to support this study are available from the first author upon request.