Effectiveness of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines against mild disease, pneumonia, and severe disease among persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: real-world study in Jilin Province, China

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of COVID-19 patients who had asymptomatic infection, mild disease, pneumonia or severe disease

		Asymptomatic infections (n = 1061)	Mild disease (n = 1763)	Pneumonia (n = 126)	Severe disease (n = 18)	P
Sex	Males (n,%)	632 (59.6)	776 (44.0)	56 (44.4)	8 (44.4)	<0.001
	Age (years, IQR)	43 (30,56)	41 (27,55)	54 (38,72)	70 (42,79)	<0.001
Age group, years
	3–18 (n, %)	140 (13.2)	318 (18.0)	7 (5.6)	0 (0.0)	<0.001
	19–39 (n, %)	315 (29.7)	519 (29.4)	27 (21.4)	4 (22.2)
	40–59 (n, %)	404 (38.1)	604 (34.3)	40 (31.7)	2 (11.1)
	60–79 (n, %)	192 (18.1)	279 (15.8)	34 (27.0)	9 (50.0)
	>80 (n, %)	10(0.9)	43 (2.4)	18 (14.3)	3 (16.7)
Underlying diseases
	No(n, %)	760 (71.6)	1196 (67.8)	58 (46.0)	0 (0.0)	<0.001
	Yes(n, %)	301 (28.4)	567 (32.2)	68 (54.0)	18 (100.0)
Vaccination status
No doses (n, %)		145 (13.7)	231 (13.1)	40 (31.7)	9 (50.0)	<0.001*
One doses	CoronaVac(n, %)	24 (2.3)	34 (1.9)	4 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
	BBIBP-CorV(n, %)	29 (2.7)	27 (1.5)	2 (1.6)	2 (11.1)
	Total(n, %)	53 (5.0)	61 (3.4)	6 (4.8)	2 (11.1)
Two doses	CoronaVac(n, %)	269 (25.4)	568 (32.2)	38 (30.2)	2 (11.1)
	BBIBP-CorV(n, %)	279 (26.3)	396 (22.5)	18 (14.3)	2 (11.1)
	Mixed(n, %)	73 (6.9)	163 (9.2)	7 (5.6)	0 (0.0)
	Total(n, %)	621 (58.5)	1127 (63.9)	63 (50.0)	4 (22.2)
Three doses	CoronaVac(n, %)	97 (9.1)	135 (7.7)	8 (6.3)	2 (11.1)
	BBIBP-CorV(n, %)	99 (9.3)	159 (9.0)	7 (5.6)	1 (5.6)
	Mixed(n, %)	46 (4.3)	50 (2.8)	2 (1.6)	0 (0.0)
	Total(n, %)	242 (22.8)	344 (19.5)	17 (13.5)	3 (16.7)

* Pvalue for distribution of vaccine doses among different disease classification.

IQR, interquartile range

Table 2. Factors associated with pneumonia or severe disease among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection

	Number of Asymptomatic and Mild (N,%)	Number of Pneumonia/Severe/fatal disease (N,%)	Crude OR (95% CI)	P	adjusted OR(95% CI)	P
Age (year, quartile) ^a	42.0(29.0, 55.0)	55.0(38.0, 74.0)	1.04(1.03,1.05)	<0.001	1.03(1.02,1.04)	<0.001
Sex
Male(N,%)	1408 (49.9)	64 (44.4)	Ref		Ref
Female(N,%)	1416 (50.1)	80 (55.6)	1.24(0.89, 1.74)	0.206	1.18 (0.84, 1.68)	0.340
Underlying diseases
No(N,%)	1956(69.3)	58(40.3)	Ref		Ref
Yes(N,%)	868(30.7)	86(59.7)	3.34(2.37, 4.71)	<0.001	1.67(1.12, 2.49)	0.013
Vaccination status
0 dose(N,%)	376(13.3)	49(34.0)	Ref		Ref
1 dose (N,%)	114(4.0)	8(5.6)	0.54(0.25, 1.17)	0.118	0.65(0.29, 1.43)	0.281
2 doses(N,%)	1748(61.9)	67(46.5)	0.29(0.20, 0.43)	<0.001	0.40(0.27, 0.60)	<0.001
3 doses (N,%)	586(20.8)	20(13.9)	0.26(0.15, 0.45)	<0.001	0.32(0.18, 0.55)	<0.001

^a age was a continuous integer variable in the regression models.

Figure 1. Effect of the number of doses on vaccine effectiveness (A) against pneumonia or severe disease and (B) against any symptomatic disease (mild disease, pneumonia or severe disease) in males and females.

Figure 2. Vaccine effectiveness by vaccine type (CoronaVac, BBIBP-CorV or mixed) (A) against pneumonia or severe disease (B) and against any symptomatic disease.

Table 3. Factors associated with symptomatic disease (mild, pneumonia or severe disease) among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection

	Number of Asymptomatic (N,%)	Number of Mild/Pneumonia/Severe/fatal disease (N,%)	Crude OR(95% CI)	P	adjusted OR(95% CI)	P
Age (year, quartile) ^a	43.0(30.0, 56.0)	42.0 (28.0, 56.0)	1.00(1.00,1.00)	0.644	1.00(1.00,1.00)	0.061
Sex
Male(N,%)	632 (59.6)	840(44.0)	Ref		Ref
Female(N,%)	429 (40.4)	1067 (56.0)	1.87(1.61, 2.18)	<0.001	1.88 (1.61, 2.19)	<0.001
Underlying diseases
No(N,%)	760(71.6)	1254(65.8)	Ref		Ref
Yes(N,%)	301(28.4)	653(34.2)	1.32(1.12, 1.55)	0.001	1.43(1.18, 1.73)	<0.001
Vaccination status
0 dose(N,%)	145(13.7)	280(14.7)	Ref		Ref
1 dose (N,%)	53(5.0)	69(3.6)	0.67(0.45, 1.02)	0.060	0.79 (0.52, 1.20)	0.264
2 doses(N,%)	621(58.5)	1194(62.6)	1.00(0.80, 1.24)	0.970	1.10 (0.87, 1.38)	0.432
3 doses (N,%)	242(22.8)	364(19.1)	0.78(0.60, 1.01)	0.058	0.83 (0.64, 1.09)	0.181

^a age was a continuous integer variable in the regression models.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [Junqi Niu: [email protected]], upon reasonable request.