Study of Ethiopian genetically modified and organic cotton fiber quality compared with conventional cotton

Figures & data

Table 1. HVI values of cotton bundle fiber properties.

Varieties	Samples	SCi	Mst	MIC	Mat	UHML	UI	SFI	FS	FE	Rd	+b
Dp-90 untreated seed	1	122	7.0	4.29	.81	27.16	85.40	5.1	27.5	6.1	80.3	8.7
	2	122	7.1	4.40	.70	27.20	85.57	5.05	27.7	6.0	80.5	8.5
	3	123	6.8	4.21	.80	27.21	85.65	5.0	27.8	6.2	79.8	9.2
	4	121	7.0	4.00	.86	27.01	85.32	5.3	27.4	5.8	80.0	8.9
	5	125	6.9	4.30	.68	27.30	85.90	4.9	28.0	6.3	80.2	8.8
Dp-90 treated seed	1	125	7.1	4.18	.83	28.07	84.50	4.4	28.0	6.5	82.7	8.1
	2	123	7.1	4.11	.86	28.05	84.20	4.8	27.8	6.3	82.3	8.3
	3	124	7.2	4.00	.87	28.06	84.30	4.6	27.9	6.4	81.9	8.4
	4	126	7.0	3.90	.89	28.08	84.70	4.2	28.2	6.7	82.6	8.2
	5	125	7.1	4.20	.82	28.07	84.50	4.4	28.1	6.6	82.7	8.1
Bt JKCH-1947	1	149	7.4	3.75	.89	27.34	85.00	4.5	27.4	5.9	72.3	7.2
	2	152	7.3	3.90	.88	27.65	85.00	4.3	28.2	6.1	73.1	7.0
	3	152	7.2	3.83	.89	27.70	88.00	4.2	28.4	6.2	71.9	7.4
	4	150	7.0	3.66	.90	27.54	86.00	4.4	27.6	6.6	72.2	7.2
	5	153	7.1	4.00	.88	27.80	89.00	3.9	29.2	6.8	72.5	7.1
Organic (MRC 270)	1	147	7.2	4.05	.87	27.86	85.40	3.9	29.3	7.0	81.9	9.2
	2	144	7.1	4.06	.83	27.70	85.20	4.1	29.1	7.3	81.5	9.5
	3	148	7.3	4.03	.88	27.90	85.40	4.0	29.5	7.5	81.7	9.3
	4	144	7.0	4.04	.86	27.64	85.10	4.2	28.9	7.4	82	9.1
	5	146	7.2	4.08	.82	27.80	85.30	4.0	29.2	7.3	81.5	9.6
Acala SJ2	1	125	7.0	3.50	.90	28.33	83.40	9.8	28.22	5.7	78.2	8.8
	2	126	6.8	3.90	.81	28.43	83.23	10.0	28.10	5.0	79.6	8.2
	3	127	7.3	3.70	.89	28.51	83.40	10.2	27.90	4.6	79.7	8.3
	4	124	7.4	3.76	.88	28.25	82.25	9.67	28.02	4.9	78.64	8.5
	5	124	6.9	3.60	.88	28.17	83.00	9.30	28.16	5.3	79.0	8.4
DP 90	1	122	7.2	3.80	.83	27.71	81.50	5.80	27.11	6.0	79.4	8.7
	2	121	7.0	4.18	.78	27.66	81.23	6.10	27.01	5.9	77.7	8.9
	3	122	7.6	4.21	.79	27.77	82.30	5.60	27.60	6.1	81.2	7.8
	4	120	6.9	3.90	.82	27.50	81.21	6.30	26.95	5.8	80.7	8.6
	5	120	7.3	4.31	.58	27.45	80.90	6.50	26.80	5.7	81.0	7.9

Table 2. Descriptive statistics.

Properties	Cotton varieties	N	Mean	Std. deviation	Std. error
Sci	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	122.6000	1.51658	.67823
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	124.6000	1.14018	.50990
	JKCH-1947	5	151.2000	1.64317	.73485
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	145.8000	1.78885	.80000
	Acala SJ2	5	125.2000	1.30384	.58310
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	121.0000	1.00000	.44721
	Total	30	131.7333	12.30905	2.24731
MIC	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	4.2400	.15017	.06716
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	4.0780	.12657	.05660
	JKCH-1947	5	3.8280	.13142	.05877
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	4.0520	.01924	.00860
	Acala SJ2	5	3.6920	.15271	.06829
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	4.0800	.21829	.09762
	Total	30	3.9950	.22699	.04144
Mat	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	.7700	.07681	.03435
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	.8540	.02881	.01288
	JKCH-1947	5	.8880	.00837	.00374
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	.8520	.02588	.01158
	Acala SJ2	5	.8720	.03564	.01594
	DP 90 arbaminch	5	.7600	.10271	.04593
	Total	30	.8327	.07201	.01315
UHML	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	27.1740	.10991	.04915
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	28.0660	.01140	.00510
	JKCH-1947	5	27.6060	.17573	.07859
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	27.7800	.10863	.04858
	Acala SJ2	5	28.3380	.13609	.06086
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	27.6180	.13737	.06143
	Total	30	27.7637	.39154	.07148
UI	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	85.5660	.22367	.10003
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	84.4400	.19494	.08718
	JKCH-1947	5	86.6000	1.81659	.81240
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	85.2800	.13038	.05831
	Acala SJ2	5	83.0560	.47951	.21444
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	81.4280	.53176	.23781
	Total	30	84.3950	1.89139	.34532
SFI	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	5.0700	.14832	.06633
	DP 90 treated Morgena	5	4.4800	.22804	.10198
	JKCH-1947	5	4.2600	.23022	.10296
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	4.0400	.11402	.05099
	Acala SJ2	5	9.7940	.34158	.15276
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	6.0600	.36469	.16310
	Total	30	5.6173	2.02892	.37043
FS	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	27.6800	.23875	.10677
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	28.0040	.14775	.06608
	JKCH-1947	5	28.1740	.71678	.32056
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	29.2000	.22361	.10000
	Acala SJ2	5	28.0760	.12759	.05706
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	27.0920	.30507	.13643
	Total	30	28.0377	.71871	.13122
FE	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	6.0800	.19235	.08602
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	6.5000	.15811	.07071
	JKCH-1947	5	6.3200	.37014	.16553
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	7.3000	.18708	.08367
	Acala SJ2	5	5.1000	.41833	.18708
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	5.9000	.15811	.07071
	Total	30	6.2000	.71631	.13078
	Model Fixed effects random effects		.26895	.04910
				.29602
Rd	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	80.1600	.27019	.12083
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	82.4400	.34351	.15362
	JKCH-1947	5	72.4000	.44721	.20000
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	81.7200	.22804	.10198
	Acala SJ2	5	79.0280	.63555	.28423
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	80.0000	1.46458	.65498
	Total	30	79.2913	3.39936	.62063
b	DP 90 untreated Forgena	5	8.8200	.25884	.11576
	DP 90 treated Forgena	5	8.2200	.13038	.05831
	JKCH-1947	5	7.1800	.14832	.06633
	Organic (MRC 270)	5	9.3400	.20736	.09274
	Acala SJ2	5	8.4400	.23022	.10296
	DP 90 Arba Minch	5	8.3800	.49699	.22226
	Total	30	8.3967	.71220	.13003

Table 3. ANOVA table.

		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	Sig
SCi	Between groups	4345.067	5	869.013	427.384	.000
	Within groups	48.800	24	2.033
	Total	4393.867	29
MIC	Between groups	.985	5	.197	9.298	.000
	Within groups	.509	24	.021
	Total	1.494	29
Mat	Between groups	.073	5	.015	4.555	.005
	Within groups	.077	24	.003
	Total	.150	29
UHML	Between groups	4.077	5	.815	53.011	.000
	Within groups	.369	24	.015
	Total	4.446	29
UI	Between groups	88.073	5	17.615	26.977	.000
	Within groups	15.671	24	.653
	Total	103.744	29
SFI	Between groups	117.820	5	23.564	362.820	.000
	Within groups	1.559	24	.065
	Total	119.378	29
FS	Between groups	11.972	5	2.394	19.105	.000
	Within groups	3.008	24	.125
	Total	14.980	29
FE	Between groups	13.144	5	2.629	36.343	.000
	Within groups	1.736	24	.072
	Total	14.880	29
Rd	Between groups	323.146	5	64.629	129.607	.000
	Within groups	11.968	24	.499
	Total	335.113	29
b	Between groups	12.914	5	2.583	34.513	.000
	Within groups	1.796	24	.075
	Total	14.710	29

Table 4. BT JKCH-1947 and Organic (MRC 270).

Varieties	Samples	Place	SCI	Mst	MIC	Mat	UHML	UI	SFI	FS	FE	Rd	+b
Bt JKCH-1947	1	Gambela	149	7.4	3.75	.89	27.34	85	4.5	27.4	5.9	72.3	7.2
	2		152	7.3	3.90	.88	27.65	85	4.3	28.23	6.1	73.1	7.0
	3		152	7.2	3.83	.89	27.70	88	4.2	28.44	6.2	71.9	7.4
	4		150	7.0	3.66	.90	27.54	86	4.4	27.6	6.6	72.2	7.2
	5		153	7.1	4.00	.88	27.8	89	3.9	29.2	6.8	72.5	7.1
Organic (MRC 270)	1	Shele Mela	147	7.2	4.05	.87	27.86	85.4	3.9	29.3	7.0	81.9	9.2
	2		144	7.1	4.06	.83	27.7	85.2	4.1	29.1	7.3	81.5	9.5
	3		148	7.3	4.03	.88	27.9	85.4	4.0	29.5	7.5	81.7	9.3
	4		144	7.0	4.04	.86	27.64	85.1	4.2	28.9	7.4	82	9.1
	5		146	7.2	4.08	.82	27.8	85.3	4.0	29.2	7.3	81.5	9.6

Table 5. Cotton varieties grading (TIDI).

Quality specifications	Conventional cotton			Bt JKCH-1947	Organic (MRC 270)	Grade
	Grade
	A	B	C
Staple length	≥28.5 mm	27–28.4 mm	25–26.9 mm	27.60	27.78	B
Micronaire	3.5–4.2	4.3–4.9	3.2–3.4 and 5–5.2	3.82	4.05	A
Strength	≥29	26–28.9	25–25.9	28.17	29.20	A/B
Short fiber content	≤10%	11–12%	13–14%	4.26	4.04	A
Moisture content	≤8%	≤8%	≤8%	7.20	7.16	A
Maturity Ratio	≥85%	81–84%	75–80%	0.88	.85	A
Length uniformity Ratio	≥83%	81–82%	76–80%	86.60	85.28	A

Figure 1. Spinning consistency index mean graph.

Figure 2. Micronaire mean graph.

Figure 3. Maturity mean graph.

Figure 4. Uniformity index mean graph.

Figure 5. Fiber elongation mean graph.

Figure 6. Reflectance mean graph.

Figure 7. Yellowness mean graph.

Figure 8. Short fiber index mean graph.

Figure 9. Upper half mean length mean graph.

Figure 10. Fiber strength mean graph.

Table 6. Correlation between cotton fiber parameters.

Specifications	SCI	MIC	MAT	UHML	UI	SFI	FS	FE	RD	+B
SCI		−.248	.443*	−.038	.651**	−.471**	.665**	.540**	−.559**	−.262
MIC	−.248		−.718**	−.490**	.089	−.492**	−.067	.343	.458*	.243
MAT	.443*	−.718**		.421*	.302	.027	.400*	.084	−.312	−.142
UHML	−.038	−.490	.421		−.242	.531**	.314	−.238	.171	−.048
UI	.651	.089	.302	−.242		−.559**	.603**	.507**	−.366	−.177
SFI	−.471**	−.492**	.027	.531**	−.559**		−.277	−.841**	.019	.037
FS	.665**	−.067	.400*	.314	.603**	−.277		.609**	.063	.255
FE	.540**	.343	.084	−.238	.507**	−.841**	.609**		.183	.269
RD	−.559**	.458*	−.312	.171	−.366*	.019	.063	.183		.690**
+B	−.262	.243	−.142	−.048	−.177	.037	.255	269	690**	.

* indicates a correlation coefficient that is significant at the 0.05 level; ** indicate a correlation coefficient that is significant at the 0.01 level.

Data availability statement

The authors have annotated the entire data-building process, the empirical techniques presented in the paper, and the number of runs generated using SPSS 22 software for the characterization and analysis of the cotton parameters of different varieties. All data used to support the findings of this study are included in the paper.