Nutritional requirements and effect of culture conditions on the performance of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): a review

Figures & data

Table 1. Effects of dietary protein level on growth performance of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).

Duration	Rearing facility	Protein level (%)	Lipid level (%)	Digestible energy (kJ/kg)	Initial body weight (g)	Final body weight (g)	Specific growth rate (%/day)	Feed conversion ratio	Protein efficiency ratio	References
42 days	Glass aquaria tanks	35	–		0.60	1.7	2.34	4.06 ± 1.38	0.03	Keremah & Beregha, 2014
3 months	Earthen ponds	37	12.3		10.7 ± 0.4	174.4	3.18	1.32	0.26	Kemigabo et al., 2018
78 days	Indoor containers	40	12.7		11	4.26%	1.90	0.93	2.66	Degani et al., 1989
8 weeks	Aquarium tanks	25	12	19,250.17	9.9 ± 0.06	68.7 ± 1.77	1.85 ± 0.05	1.64 ± 0.02	2.60 ± 0.09	Ahmad, 2008
8 weeks	Aquarium tanks	30	12	20,192.82	9.9 ± 0.06	75.8 ± 1.49	1.94 ± 0.04	1.58 ± 0.02	2.28 ± 0.05	Ahmad, 2008
8 weeks	Aquarium tanks	35	9	20,665.19	10.1 ± 0.09	77.4 ± 1.72	1.94 ± 0.03	1.58 ± 0.02	1.97 ± 0.06	Ahmad, 2008
40 days	Tanks	52.5	–	–	0.01 ± 0.0	2.07 ± 0.13	1.99	1.62 ± 0.12	–	Sinyangwe et al., 2017
56 days	Tanks	34	7.5	18,955.61	9.12 ± 0.09	129.60 ± 9.09	4.73 ± 0.12	0.83 ± 0.05	4.73 ± 0.12	Siagian & Nugroho, 2017
56 days	Aquarium tanks	35	–	12,550	51.51 ± 0.18	157.50 ± 20.15	1.99 ± 0.02	1.33 ± 0.17	–	Aderolu et al., 2018
56 days	Aquarium tanks	35	–	13,390	51.50 ± 0.18	163.16 ± 0.58	2.06 ± 0.02	1.35 ± 0.07	–	Aderolu et al., 2018
76 days	Cylindrical tanks	46	16.58	23,750	152.83 ± 54.59		0.60	1.19	1.81	Pantazis, 1999

Table 2. EAA requirements (except methionine and lysine) of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).

EAA	CP (%)	Protein sources	EAA requirement level (g/kg dietary protein)	Fish IBW (g)	References
Tryptophan	40	Casein and gelatin	11	11.5 ± 1.1	Fagbenro & Nwanna, 1999
Tryptophan	46	Casein and gelatin	25.9	122–134	Pantazis, 1999
Arginine	40	Casein and gelatin	45	16.6 ± 1.8	Oyedapo et al., 2008
Arginine	46	Casein and gelatin	19.7	122–134	Pantazis, 1999
Histidine	40	Casein gelatin	10–10.5	0.22 ± 0.03	Khan et al., 2009
Histidine	46	Casein and gelatin	13.9	122–134	Pantazis, 1999
Threonine	40	Casein and gelatin	6.8		Olaoluwa, 2017
Threonine	46	Casein and gelatin	20.4	122–134	Pantazis, 1999
Isoleucine	46	Casein and gelatin	15.6	122–134	Pantazis, 1999
Leucine	46	Casein and gelatin	48.7	122–134	Pantazis, 1999
Valine	46	Casein and gelatin	20.8	122–134	Pantazis, 1999
Phenylalanine	46	Casein and gelatin	45.6	122–134	Pantazis, 1999

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Data availability statement

The data supporting this review are from previously reported studies and datasets, which have been cited.