Biometric assessment and reproductive biology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio var. communis) in Lake Arekit, Ethiopia: Fish management implication

Figures & data

Figure 1. Study area (Lake Arekit, Ethiopia).

Table 1. Summary of monthly sex ratio (males: females) of Cyprinus carpio var. communis in Lake Arekit.

Month	Male (n)	Female (n)	Sex ratio	χ^2
January	6	4	1:0.67	0.4
February	11	6	1:0.55	1.47
March	11	10	1:0.91	0.05
April	10	5	1:0.50	1.67
May	8	11	1:1.38	0.47
June	20	6	1:0.30	7.54*
July	16	13	1:0.81	0.31
August	15	7	1:0.47	2.91
September	10	8	1:0.8	0.22
October	8	4	1:0.50	1.33
November	6	3	1:0.5	1.00
December	5	6	1:1.2	0.09
Total	126	83	1:0.66	8.85*

*Chi-square test is significant at p < 0.05.

Figure 2. Length-weight relationship of female (a), male (b) and combined sexes (c) of Cyprinus carpio var. communis in Lake Arekit.

Table 2. Length-weight relationship of Cyprinus carpio var. communis from Lake Arekit from June 2022 to May 2023.

Sex	N	TW = a × TL^b	Log TW = Log a + b × Log TL	a	b	r^2
Female	83	TW = 0.0394TL^2.794	Log TW = −0.0394 + 2.794 × Log TL	0.0394	2.794	0.99
Male	126	TW = 0.0393TL^2.789	Log TW = −0.0393 + 2.789 × Log TL	0.0393	2.789	0.99
Combined	209	TW = 0.0392TL^2.792	Log TW = −0.0392 + 2.792 × Log TL	0.0392	2.792	0.99

Table 3. The mean Condition Factor and Fulton Condition Factor of C. carpio var. communis from Lake Arekit from June 2022 to May 2023.

Sex		Mean ± SD	Minimum	Maximum
Condition Factor (CF)	Male	3.80 ± 0.36	3.29	5.80
	Female	4.33 ± 0.49	3.38	6.47
	Combined	4.01 ± 0.49	3.29	6.47
Fulton’s Condition Factor (FCF)	Male	1.89 ± 0.20	1.63	3.18
	Female	1.93 ± 0.26	1.59	3.11
	Combined	1.91 ± 0.23	1.59	3.18

Table 4. Temporal mean Condition Factor (CF) and Fulton Condition Factor (FCF) of C. carpio var. communis from Lake Arekit from June 2022 to May 2023.

Month	Mean CF ± SD	Mean FCF ± SD
January	4.03 ± 0.64^ab	1.90 ± 0.25^a
February	4.00 ± 0.31^ab	1.91 ± 0.14^a
March	4.00 ± 0.35^ab	1.89 ± 0.13^a
April	3.85 ± 0.35^ab	1.86 ± 0.10^a
May	4.33 ± 0.82^bc	2.02 ± 0.41^a
June	3.77 ± 0.23^a	1.84 ± 0.13^a
July	4.16 ± 0.54^ab	1.96 ± 0.28^a
August	3.88 ± 0.29^ab	1.88 ± 0.10^a
September	3.97 ± 0.36^ab	1.85 ± 0.09^a
October	3.88 ± 0.37^ab	1.86 ± 0.10^a
November	3.94 ± 0.69^ab	1.92 ± 0.34^a
December	4.38 ± 0.68^bc	2.04 ± 0.44^a
Total mean	4.01 ± 0.49	1.91 ± 0.23

Note. Values with different letters (a, b, c) within a column are significantly different at p < 0.05 level (Tukey test is applied).

Figure 3. Gonado Somatic Index (GSI) monthly trends for females and males C. carpio var. communis from Lake Arekit from June 2022 to May 2023.

Figure 4. (a) Length-fecundity and (b) Weight-fecundity relationship of C. carpio var. communis in Lake Arekit from June 2022 to May 2023.

Figure 5. Length at first maturity (Lm₅₀) for males (a) and females (b) C. carpio var. communis in Lake Arekit from June 2022 to May 2023.

Table 5. Length-weight relationship for C. carpio of the previous studies.

Study area	Sex	N	a	b	R^2	Author/s
Almus Dam Lake	♀+♂	307	0.0084	3.32	0.9437	Karataş et al. (2007)
Deroua			0.005	3.423	0.9825	El Moata et al. (2005)
Lake Lugo	♀+♂	591	0.0189	2.853	0.9269	Mekonnen et al. (2019)
Amerti reservoir	♀+♂	496	0.022	2.923	0.977	Hailu (2013)
Damsa Dam Lake	♀	63	0.0181	2.9689	0.915	Mert and Bulut (2014)
	♂	97	0.0278	2.8507	0.903
	♀+♂	160	0.0219	2.9040	0.900
Oubeira Lake	♂	322	0.6923	2.3484	0.8239	Sara et al. (2016)
	♀	198	0.9712	1.9455	0.7156
	♀+♂	360	0.018	2.802	0.929
Kızılırmak River Basin	♀+♂	301	0.001	3.138	0.93	Birecikligil et al. (2016)
Atatürk Dam Lake	♀	106	0.024	2.847	0.95	Yüce et al. (2016)
	♂	125	0.034	2.807	0.95
	♀+♂	231	0.029	2.847	0.95
Foum El-Khanga Dam	♀	198	0.017	2.865	0.974	Sahtout et al. (2017)
	♂	149	0.024	2.765	0.933
	♀+♂	347	0.018	2.859	0.963
Current study	♀	83	0.0394	2.794	0.99
	♂	126	0.0393	2.789	0.99
	♀+♂	209	0.0392	2.792	0.99

Table 6. Length at maturity (Lm₅₀) of C. carpio as determined by different authors at different times.

Study lake/Reservoir	Male	Female	Author/s
Fincha Reservoir	24.5	37.5	Degefu et al. (2012)
Amerti Reservoir	27.2	28.3	Hailu (2013)
Lake Zeway	27.2	28.7	Abera et al. (2015)
Lake Naivasha	54.0	49.0	Mutethya et al. (2020)
Lake Langano	27.6	28.2	Kebede et al. (2018)
Lake Ardibo	19.24	19.23	Mekonnen et al. (2018)
Lake Lugo	19.3	19.2	Mekonnen et al. (2019)
Lake Hayq	17.5	21.5	Tessema et al. (2020)
Lake Marmara	39.6	43.7	Dereli et al. (2022)
The present study	28.83	32.28

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Data availability statement

All data that supports the findings of this study is available within the article.