Repellent effects of some plant oils on Dermestes maculatus larvae in Smoke-dried West African lungfish (Protopterus annectens)

Figures & data

Table 1. Fatty acid composition (%) of the plant oils of Allium sativum, Cocos nucifera, Jatropha curcas, Zingiber officinale and Azadirachta indica.

	Oil type (%) ± S.E
Fatty Acids	A.    sativum	Z. officinale	J. curcas	A. indica	C.nucifera
Pentadecanoic acid (U)	5.6 ± 0.25	_	6.20 ± 0.01	_	_
Palmitic acid (S)	7.57 ± 0.18	_	_	20.09 ± 00	12.84 ± 0.69
Elaidic acid (M)	12.68 ± 0.54	_	_	9.87 ± 0.98	–
Stearic acid (S)	5.91 ± 1.97	32.38 ± 5.60	_	2.96 ± 0.17	3.24 ± 0.17
Hexadecanoic acid (S)	47.60 ± 6.56	_	_	_	_
Pentanoic acid (S)	5.36 ± 0.43	8.87 ± 0.01	_	_	_
Oleic acid (M)	_	_	25.30 ± 0.09	60.13 ± 2.8	_
Lauric acid (S)	_	_	_	_	1.76 ± 0.00
Myristic acid (S)	_	_	_	_	0.88 ± 0.19
Linoleic acid (U)	_	_	_	_	47.54 ± 4.75
Total	84.72 ± 9.93	74.80 ± 6.82	31.50 ± 0.10	93.05 ± 3.95	73.39 ± 5.80
U = Unsaturated, M = Monounsaturated, S = Saturated

Table 2. Metabolites (%) detected in the plant oils of Allium sativum, Cocos nucifera, Jatropha curcas, Zingiber officinale and Azadirachta indica.

Metabolites	Mean ± S.E
	A. sativum	Z. officinale	J. curcas	A. indica	C. nucifera
Hexanal	_	_	5.26 ± 0.14	_	_
Linolein	–	–	–	–	2.31 ± 0.14
Ethylbenzene	_	_	7.14 ± 0.00	_	_
Pentacyclo	_	_	56.10 ± 6.47	_	_
Hexane	_	_	_	6.87 ± 0.20	2.36 ± 0.12
α-pinene	_	1.00 ± 0.19	_	_	_
Trimethylmethylene	_	6.38 ± 2.80	_	_	_
2,4-Decadienal	_	10.47 ± 0.00	_	_	_
α-curcumene	_	1.42 ± 1.92	_	_	_
α-zingiberene	_	1.58 ± 0.08	_	_	_
β-farnesene	_	1.25 ± 0.52	_	_	_
β-sesquiphellandrene	_	1.43 ± 0.02	_	_	_
Tetrahydrofuran	4.51 ± 0.18	_	_	_	_
Ethylvinyl	0.85 ± 2.87	_	_	_	_

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the repellency test.

Figure 2. Repulsion of D. maculatus larvae by the Oils of Azadirachta indica, Jatropha curcas, Zingiber officinale, Allium sativum, Cocos nucifera at different concentrations: 0.001, 0.004, 0.016, 0.064, and 0.256 ml/g of fish (n = 20).Note. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Different alphabetical letters in the same figure indicates significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).

Data availability statement

We confirm that all the data generated during this study have been included within this document.