Study on the antioxidant potential of Catharanthus species and its thermal stability in sunflower oil model system

Figures & data

Table 1. Changes in peroxide value (PV, meq O2/kg fat) of Catharanthus alba (leaves and flower) as well as Catharanthus roseus (leaves and flower) powders in sunflower oil while storage at 37 °C.

	Concentration	10 Days	20 Days	30 Days	40 Days
Control		27.38± 0.25	60.46± 0.82	120.57± 0.48	212.05 ± 1.64
TBHQ	200 ppm	5.58± 0.58	15.88± 0.22	26.55± 0.60	35.82± 0.50
Catharanthus alba (leaves)	0.5	16.55± 0.21	43.42± 0.56	85.26± 0.74	156.58± 0.91
	1	15.74± 0.43	48.61± 0.70	90.19 ± 0.87	160.39± 0.95
	1.5	19.41± 0.37	55.34± 0.62	93.53 ± 0.76	169.38 ± 0.90
Catharanthus alba (flower)	0.5	14.19± 0.33	29.34 ± 0.78	59.53± 0.44	113.21 ± 0.81
	1	14.24± 0.12	35.71 ± 0.52	68.43± 0.43	125.15± 0.34
	1.5	15.16± 0.17	40.31 ± 0.52	65.67± 0.41	135.86± 1.34
Catharanthus roseus (leaves)	0.5	18.16± 0.44	40.05± 1.05	80.08± 0.49	147.11± 1.13
	1	20.01± 0.17	44.73± 0.43	85.42± 0.48	153.32± 1.00
	1.5	22.94 ± 0.25	49.81± 0.61	90.32± 0.59	159.37± 1.93
Catharanthus roseus (flower)	0.5	20.08± 0.14	36.32 ± 0.11	70.63± 0.75	139.06± 1.49
	1	22.39± 0.27	40.26± 0.84	74.28± 0.97	141.82± 0.89
	1.5	22.29± 0.64	44.98± 0.69	84.93± 0.67	150.39± 1.51

All values represented as mean + standard deviation (n = 3) are statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001).

Table 2. Changes in thiobarbituric acid value (TBA, mg malonaldehyde/kg sample) of Catharanthus alba (leaves and flower) as well as Catharanthus roseus (leaves and flower) powders in sunflower oil during storage at 37 °C.

	Concentration	10 Days	20 Days	30 Days	40 Days
Control		0.23 ± 0.04	0.55 ± 0.11	0.94 ± 0.11	1.44 ± 0.07
TBHQ	200 ppm	0.17 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.05	0.44 ± 0.15	0.58 ± 0.08
Catharanthus alba (leaves)	0.5	0.19 ± 0.04	0.40 ± 0.06	0.65 ± 0.07	0.91 ± 0.09
	1	0.17 ± 0.03	0.44 ± 0.07	0.70 ± 0.06	1.05 ± 0.16
	1.5	0.21 ± 0.05	0.48 ± 0.06	0.70 ± 0.12	1.12 ± 0.19
Catharanthus alba (flower)	0.5	0.12 ± 0.04	0.27 ± 0.05	0.55 ± 0.07	0.77 ± 0.11
	1	0.13 ± 0.05	0.31 ± 0.03	0.60 ± 0.08	0.82 ± 0.12
	1.5	0.16 ± 0.05	0.33 ± 0.06	0.64 ± 0.06	0.96 ± 0.13
Catharanthus roseus (leaves)	0.5	0.19 ± 0.05	0.37 ± 0.06	0.62 ± 0.05	0.89 ± 0.14
	1	0.23 ± 0.05	0.41 ± 0.05	0.67 ± 0.07	0.93 ± 0.07
	1.5	0.22 ± 0.06	0.46 ± 0.06	0.72 ± 0.10	1.01 ± 0.14
Catharanthus roseus (flower)	0.5	0.17 ± 0.03	0.35 ± 0.06	0.58 ± 0.09	0.85 ± 0.09
	1	0.21 ± 0.03	0.41 ± 0.05	0.65 ± 0.08	0.90 ± 0.08
	1.5	0.22 ± 0.04	0.39 ± 0.04	0.71 ± 0.08	1.04 ± 0.17

All values represented as mean + standard deviation (n = 3) are statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001).

Table 3. The effect of leaves and flowers of Catharanthus roseus and Catharanthus alba on peroxidation inhibition of sunflower oil at an elevated temperature of 80 °C during storage for 24 h.

	After 8 h	After 24 h
TBHQ	2.24 ± 0.12	2.34 ± 0.20
Catharanthus alba (Leaves)	1.51 ± 0.31	1.59 ± 0.16
Catharanthus alba (Flower)	2.04 ± 0.77	2.50 ± 0.27
Catharanthus roseus (Leaves)	1.5 ± 0.12	1.54 ± 0.08
Catharanthus roseus (Flower)	1.99 ± 0.16	2.17 ± 0.14

All values represented as mean + standard deviation (n = 3) are statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001).

Table 4. Antioxidant activity calculated for Catharanthus.

	Concentration	Antioxidant potential
TBHQ	200 ppm	2.36 ± 0.17
Catharanthus alba (leaves)	0.5	1.44 ± 0.09
	1	1.37 ± 0.06
	1.5	1.26 ± 0.07
Catharanthus alba (flower)	0.5	1.98 ± 0.16
	1	1.79 ± 0.09
	1.5	1.64 ± 0.07
Catharanthus roseus (leaves)	0.5	1.54 ± 0.09
	1	1.41 ± 0.09
	1.5	1.33 ± 0.05
Catharanthus roseus (flower)	0.5	1.62 ± 0.09
	1	1.37 ± 0.06
	1.5	1.39 ± 0.07

All values represented as mean + standard deviation (n = 3) are statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001).

Figure 1. The antioxidant activity of the two cultivars was analyzed by DPPH radical scavenging method and compared with the synthetic antioxidant TBHQ.

Figure 2. The antioxidant activity estimation is done by the linoleic acid peroxidation method. The order of inhibition of peroxidation has been found more in Catharanthus alba (flower) followed by Catharanthus roseus (flower), Catharanthus roseus (leaves), and Catharanthus alba (leaves), respectively.