Factors affecting consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in elementary school students in Nanjing

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of participants.

Characteristics
Gender, n (%)	Male	1330 (49.26)
	Female	1370 (50.74)
Age, n (%)	9	537 (19.89)
	10	871 (32.26)
	11	890 (32.96)
	12	384 (14.22)
	13–14	18 (0.67)
Average age, year		10. 4
Grade, n (%)	4	900 (33.33)
	5	865 (32.04)
	6	935 (34.62)

Table 2. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in students attending primary schools in Nanjing, China.

		Weekly SSB intake (bottle)
		< 1		1–3		> 3
Variable	Group	No	%	No	%	No	%	H value	p-value
Gender
	Male	897	67.4	396	29.8	37	2.8	4.78	< 0.05
	Female	975	71.2	357	26.1	38	2.8
Grade	4	633	70.3	228	25.3	39	4.3	0.56	0.45
	5	603	69.7	201	23.2	61	7.1
	6	639	68.4	261	27.9	35	3.7
Age	9	372	69.3	114	21.2	51	9.5	1.22	0.12
	10	609	69.9	216	24.8	46	5.3
	11	630	70.8	216	24.3	44	4.9
	12	261	68.0	108	28.1	15	3.9
	13–14	9	50.0	6	33.3	3	16.7
Father’s education
	Elementary school or below	534	70.6	201	26.6	21	2.8	2.14	0.06
	Middle school	398	71.1	211	26.5	21	2.1
	High school	384	72.2	138	25.9	10	1.9
	College	336	75.3	102	22.9	8	1.8
	Bachelor or above	246	75.7	78	24.0	1	0.3
Mother’s education
	Elementary school or below	522	71.0	201	27.3	21	2.8	1.11	0.12
	Middle school	501	65.2	246	32.0	21	2.7
	High school	354	64.8	162	29.7	30	5.5
	College	255	72.6	84	23.9	12	3.4
	Bachelor or above	222	74.0	60	20.0	18	6.0
Family annual income (k US$)
	<20	873	70.1	330	26.5	42	3.4	1.25	0.11
	20–30	738	65.8	330	29.4	54	4.8
	30–40	156	68.4	54	23.7	18	7.9
	>40	81	77.1	18	17.1	6	5.7

Table 3. Univariate analysis of factors affecting consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in students attending primary schools in Nanjing, China.

		Weekly SSB consumption (bottle)
		< 1		1–3		> 3
Variable		n	%	n	%	n	%	H value	p-value
Father intake	Often	48	43.2%	48	43.2%	15	13.5%	22.23	< 0.01
	Sometime	273	55.8%	189	38.7%	27	5.5%
	Seldom	648	63.3%	339	33.1%	36	3.5%
	Never	843	78.3%	177	16.4%	57	5.3%
Mother intake	Often	9	33.3%	12	44.4%	6	22.2%	21.12	< 0.01
	Sometime	162	48.2%	138	41.1%	36	10.7%
	Seldom	687	60.6%	405	35.7%	42	3.7%
	Never	972	80.8%	192	16.0%	39	3.2%
Peer intake	Often	28	32.6%	28	32.6%	30	34.9%	18.16	< 0.01
	Sometime	250	37.7%	342	51.6%	71	10.7%
	Seldom	880	67.2%	360	27.5%	70	5.3%
	Never	470	73.3%	128	20.0%	43	6.7%
Purchase in school	Often	3	6.3%	24	50.0%	21	43.8%	68.44	< 0.01
	Sometime	33	15.5%	156	73.2%	24	11.3%
	Seldom	504	62.9%	264	33.0%	33	4.1%
	Never	1305	79.7%	273	16.7%	60	3.7%
Available in home	Often	6	7.4%	39	48.1%	36	44.4%	58.22	< 0.01
	Sometime	123	32.3%	234	61.4%	24	6.3%
	Seldom	690	68.9%	243	24.3%	69	6.9%
	Never	1167	94.4%	60	4.9%	9	0.7%
Sweet taste	Strongly like	108	43.9%	87	35.4%	51	20.7%	12.56	< 0.01
	Like	428	57.3%	270	36.1%	49	6.6%
	Dislike	780	59.4%	480	36.5%	54	4.1%
	Strongly dislike	330	84.0%	43	10.9%	20	5.1%
Daily TV/Video	≥ 2 h	234	48.8%	165	34.4%	81	16.9%	24.12	< 0.01
	1–2 h	660	62.3%	360	34.0%	39	3.7%
	< 1 h	870	74.9%	273	23.5%	18	1.6%

Table 4. Ordinal logistic regression analysis of factors affecting consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in students attending primary schools in Nanjing, China.

Variable		β	Sx	Wald X2	p-Value	OR (95% CI)
Gender	Male	−0.08	0.16	0.07	0.76	0.97 (0.72–1.33)
Father intake	Often	−0.22	0.24	0.65	0.34	0.57 (0.32–0.81)
	Sometime	0.24	0.28	1.65	0.15	1.33 (0.92–1.67)
	Seldom	0.52	0.24	6.22	0.034	1.88 (1.52–2.21)
	Never	0.68	0.49	7.89	0.01	1.95 (1.62–2.44)
Mother intake	Often	0.08	0.19	0.27	0.76	0.97 (0.72–1.33)
	Sometime	0.22	0.24	0.65	0.35	0.52 (0.30–0.71)
	Seldom	0.18	0.58	0.47	0.15	0.33 (0.12–0.47)
	Never	0.52	0.24	0.87	0.11	0.90 (0.64–1.21)
Peer intake	Often	1.08	0.49	5.27	0.02	3.91 (2.72–4.66)
	Sometime	0.26	0.24	1.33	0.17	1.52 (0.81–1.91)
	Seldom	0.08	0.28	0.47	0.15	0.33 (0.11–0.48)
	Never	0.12	0.44	0.17	0.11	0.88 (0.61–1.11)
Purchase in school	Often	2.34	0.67	11.21	< 0.01	9.57 (8.52–12.11)
	Sometime	1.66	0.33	18.32	< 0.01	4.44 (3.12–6.17)
	Seldom	0.55	0.23	7.88	< 0.01	3.57 (2.55–4.82)
	Never	0.12	0.16	6.36	< 0.01	1.57 (0.92–2.19)
Available in home	Often	2.34	0.78	22.11	< 0.01	16.33 (13.12–18.01)
	Sometime	1.55	0.65	24.21	< 0.01	8.51 (6.57–9.91)
	Seldom	0.12	0.24	0.76	0.14	1.17 (0.62–1.99)
	Never	0.06	0.1	0.22	0.41	0.57 (0.42–0.88)
Sweet taste	Strongly like	0.56	0.45	1.02	0.31	1.33(0.82–2.01)
	Like	−0.35	0.24	1.22	0.24	1.17 (0.82–1.46)
	Dislike	−0.11	0.33	0.78	0.67	0.52 (0.32–0.88)
	Strongly dislike	−0.05	0.24	0.12	0.32	0.34 (0.12–0.76)
Daily TV/Video	≥ 2 h	0.82	0.24	16.11	< 0.01	2.88 (1.52–3.51)
	1–2 h	0.76	0.2	14.22	< 0.01	1.97 (1.23–2.61)
	< 1 h	0.55	0.21	8.21	< 0.01	1.59 (0.98–2.14)

Data availability statement

The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.