Geography of knowledge interactions and innovation in Shenzhen

Figures & data

Table 1. Model summary.

Model	R	R squared	Adjusted R squared	Std. error of the estimate	Durbin-Watson
1	.948^a	.898	.848	.02335	2.044

Table 2. Descriptives.

Variable	Mean	SD
UIC (The Share of New Products in GDP)	.4809	.05981
RDE (Intensity of R&D Expenditure)	.0468	.01510
FRD (Foreign R&D Expenditure/FDI (10000 Yuan))	.0714	.10932
GDP (GDP in Shenzhen)	19162.8702	7223.75787
POD (population density)	5955.2308	1082.05439

Table 3. The regression results.

Model		Unstandardized coefficients		Standardized coefficients	t	Sig	Collinearity statistics
		B	Std. Error	Beta			Tolerance	VIF
1	(Constant)	.291	.045		6.429	.000
	FRD	.360	.078	.659	4.615	.002	.624	1.604
	RDE	−1.204	.476	−.304	−2.532	.035	.881	1.134
	GDP	7.568E-06	.000	.914	3.814	.005	.221	4.522
	POD	1.259E-05	.000	.228	1.053	.323	.271	3.685

Note: Significant: *p˂.05, **p˂.01.

Figure 1. The share of new products in GDP.

Figure 2. R&D employees’ density in Shenzhen, 2009–2021.

Table 4. Interactions among innovation actors of R&D activities in Shenzhen ICT industry.

Type	Cooperation actors	Purpose of interactions
Local	Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School	Collaborative R&D
	Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd	Transfer of technology
	Skyworth Group Co., Ltd	Access to equipment
	Small and medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)
	Shenzhen Communication and Information Processing Laboratory	Collaborative R&D
	University of Hong Kong	Technical assistance
	French National Academy of Applied Sciences (France)
	Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen	Collaborative R&D
	Zhongxing Telecom Equipment	Joint training of students
	Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
	The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen)
International	Apple Inc. (Shenzhen) R&D Centers, US	Human resources
		Access to markets
		Transfer of technology
	Accenture, Ireland	Access to IP
	Oracle Information Technology Services (Shenzhen) Co. US	Human resources
		Access to markets
	Qualcomm, US	Collaborative R&D
	Silu Mingyang Communication Technology Co., ltd. Shenzhen
	Shenzhen University

Source: Adapted from Shenzhen Municipal Service Data Administration.2021.

Data availability statement

Data will be available on request. Authors agree to make data and materials supporting the results or analyses presented in their paper available upon reasonable request. The data that support the findings of this study are available in [SHENZHEN STATISTICAL YEARBOOK] at [http://tjj.sz.gov.cn/zwgk/zfxxgkml/tjsj/tjnj/]. The data of interviews that support the findings of this study are available from the author, [J.X], upon reasonable request.