Public health expenditure and economic development: The case of South Africa between 1996 and 2016

Figures & data

Table 1. Stationary results of the Phillip-Perron Test

		Phillips Perron Test
Variable		Intercept Levels 1^st diff		Trend and intercept Levels 1^st diff
CPI		−1.940273	−5.742329	−2.048733	−5.714630
HDI		−1.678496	−6.775313	− 2.116841	−6.771519
PHE		−0.991629	−3.857900	− 2.395972	−3.854541
PP		−1.561288	17.10786	−4.124989	-
UN		0.89356	6.4563	1.02456	4.52369
Critical Values	1%	−3.544063		− 4.118444
	5%	−3.910860		−3.486509

Table 2. Bound testing

T statistic	Value	K
F Statistic	4.048877	2
Critical value bounds
Significance	I0 Bound	I1 Bound
10%	2.1	3.13
5%	2.43	3.54
2.5%	2.74	3.61
1%	3.12	4.54

Source: Author’s computation based on Eviews 9

Table 3. ARDL results

Variable	Coefficient	Standard errors	t-statistic	p-value
PHE	0.1236	2.044272	2.92821	0.0380
UN	−1.4256	3.2546	−3.1256	0.0214
PP	2.7895	1.2352	1.1236	0.9872
CPI	−0.191989	0.7895	−1.4567	0.6789

Source: Author’s computation based on Eviews 9

Table 4. Error correction

Variable	Coefficient	Standard errors		t-statistic	p-value
PHE	0.1370	0.0440		3.1116	0.0035
UN	0.001	0.0008		1.2718	0.2109
PP	−0.0033	0.0011		−2.8414	0.0076
CPI	−1.9202	0.3361		−057774	0.0000
CointEq (−1)	−0.623	0.11509	5.41384		0.0000