An Update on the Pathogenesis of Fascioliasis: What Do We Know?

Figures & data

Figure 1 Immune response to fascioliasis depending on the phase of the infection. (Illustration created with BioRender.com).^4,12

Figure 2 Immunomodulatory effects of the excretory/secretory and tegumental antigens in Fasciola hepatica (Illustration created with BioRender.com).^12,26,27

Notes: ^#Only main functions are included in the figure There are many functions of the E/S antigens that are discussed in the manuscript. The list of E/S products is not comprehensive, only most prominent are presented. *Vaccine candidates.

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