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Race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position in emergency department utilization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Daniel Lin1 Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USACorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1352-8915View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Ruoding Tan2 Public Affairs and Access, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USAView further author information
,
Christie Teigland3 Research Science and Advanced Analytics, Inovalon, Inc. Bowie, MD 20716, USAView further author information
,
Sairy Hernandez2 Public Affairs and Access, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USAView further author information
,
Seung Kim3 Research Science and Advanced Analytics, Inovalon, Inc. Bowie, MD 20716, USAView further author information
&
Karl M Kilgore3 Research Science and Advanced Analytics, Inovalon, Inc. Bowie, MD 20716, USAORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-2107View further author information
ORCID Icon
Received 10 May 2023, Accepted 01 Mar 2024, Published online: 19 Apr 2024

Figures & data

Figure 1. Patient selection.

†Patients who qualified for cohort-based solely on ICD-9-CM diagnosis code 155.2 or ICD-10-CM diagnosis code C22.9 (malignant neoplasm of liver, not specified as primary or secondary) were excluded.

Figure 1. Patient selection.†Patients who qualified for cohort-based solely on ICD-9-CM diagnosis code 155.2 or ICD-10-CM diagnosis code C22.9 (malignant neoplasm of liver, not specified as primary or secondary) were excluded.

Table 1. Baseline patient demographics, clinical characteristics and social determinants of health by race/ethnicityTable Footnote†.

Figure 2. Number of emergency department visits (unadjusted) per 1000 patients per month, by race/ethnicity and income level (±95% CI).

ED: Emergency department.

Figure 2. Number of emergency department visits (unadjusted) per 1000 patients per month, by race/ethnicity and income level (±95% CI).ED: Emergency department.

Figure 3. Rate of emergency department visits (adjusted): incidence rate ratios for ED visits for race/ethnicity (reference group: White) and for income level (reference group: low income).

ED: Emergency department; IRR: Incidence rate ratio.

Figure 3. Rate of emergency department visits (adjusted): incidence rate ratios for ED visits for race/ethnicity (reference group: White) and for income level (reference group: low income).ED: Emergency department; IRR: Incidence rate ratio.

Figure 4. Rate of emergency department visits (adjusted): incidence rate ratios for ED visits for race/ethnicity stratified by income level (reference group: White).

a vs White (reference).

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.0001.

ED: Emergency department; IRR: Incidence rate ratio.

Figure 4. Rate of emergency department visits (adjusted): incidence rate ratios for ED visits for race/ethnicity stratified by income level (reference group: White).a vs White (reference).*p < 0.05; **p < 0.0001.ED: Emergency department; IRR: Incidence rate ratio.
Supplemental material

Supplementary Tables S1-S2

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