The relationship of MITF gene expression and promoter methylation with plumage colour in quail

ABSTRACT

1. This study focused on the relationship between MITF mRNA expression and plumage colour in quail and the effect of promoter methylation on the expression of MITF mRNA.

2. The CDS region of MITF mRNA was cloned by RT-PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The RT-qPCR method was used to analyse the expression levels of MITF mRNA in dorsal skin tissue in Korean quail and Beijing white quail. The promoter region of the MITF gene was cloned, and the CpG island was predicted by the CpGplot program. The methylation levels of the CpG island were analysed using BS-PCR technology.

3. Quail MITF mRNA contains a 1,476 bp complete ORF, which encodes a 492 amino acid residue protein. The MITF protein has no signal peptide or transmembrane region. The expression of MITF mRNA in dorsal tissue of Korean quail was significantly higher than that in Beijing white quail (p < 0.01). Abundant cis-elements and a 346 bp CpG island were found in the promoter region of the MITF gene. The average methylation level of the CpG island was 22 (22%) in Korean quail, and 46 (30%) in Beijing white quail (p < 0.05).

4. The hypermethylation of the MITF gene promoter region in Beijing white quail resulted in a decrease in expression level, which was related to white feather colour.

KEYWORDS:

• Quail
• plumage
• MITF gene
• DNA methylation
• CpG island

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author contributions

The authors BY, YQ, XZ and JH conceived and designed the experiments. BY, HJ, YF and XJ performed the experiments; BY performed statistical analyses of experimental data. BY prepared the draft of the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved the final version.

Additional information

Funding

This research has been supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province [grant no. 202300410153].