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Research Article

A new species of Bathynomus Milne-Edwards, 1879 (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the southern Gulf of Mexico with a redescription of Bathynomus jamesi Kou, Chen and Li, 2017 from off Pratas Island, Taiwan

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Pages 885-921 | Received 20 Feb 2022, Accepted 24 May 2022, Published online: 09 Aug 2022
 

ABSTRACT

Bathynomus jamesi Kou, Chen and Li, 2017 from Zhengbin fishing port in Keelung, Taiwan, was identified by the shape of the distolateral corner of the uropodal endopod, the shape of the clypeus, and the nucleotide sequences of the COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) and 16S rRNA genes. Only two species of Bathynomus have previously been recorded from Taiwan, B. doederleini Ortmann, 1894 and B. decemspinosus Shih, 1972. Bathynomus kensleyi, previously known from the South China Sea as well as the south-east Swain Reefs, Coral Sea, was primarily differentiated by the elongate and upturned pleotelson spines, but that character is now shown to also occur in mature Bathynomus jamesi. Two specimens from the Gulf of Mexico (obtained from the Enoshima Aquarium in Japan) were compared to species of Bathynomus from the western North Atlantic. Sequence data showed that one of two samples was not B. giganteus Milne-Edwards, 1879, as had been assumed, and it did not match any other species of Bathynomus. That specimen was collected off the Yucatán Peninsula and is morphologically distinct from both B. giganteus (in the relative length of the antennal flagellum and the length:width ratio of the pleotelson) and B. maxeyorum Shipley, Brooks, and Bruce in Shipley et al., 2016 (the number of pleotelson spines is seven and the distolateral corner is produced on the uropodal exopod). Therefore, it is here described as B. yucatanensis sp. nov. Bathynomus is currently a very minor fisheries resource in Taiwan and Japan, but this find demonstrates the continuing importance of the fishing industry to marine biological exploration.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:399605D3-356E-402D-9ED1-E36A649A3F1B

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Ms Fang Yi Lee, National University of Tainan, for her technical support, and also Dr Mark J. Grygier, National Taiwan Ocean University, and Dr Yukio Hanamura of the Crustacean Society of Japan for providing invaluable scientific advice and English revision after reading drafts of the manuscript. We thank Michitaka Shimomura, Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, for his comments on an early draft. MCH also thanks the owners of the seafood shop Shi Shang Xian for allowing him to inspect their wares. We express our great thanks to Gavin Dally (Northern Territory Museum and Art Gallery, Darwin), Dr S.J. Keable and Dr Laetitia Gunton (Australian Museum, Sydney) and Dr Laure Corbari and Paula Martin-Lefèvre (Crustacea collection, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris), all of whom very efficiently provided excellent photographs of Bathynomus from their collections. This work and the new species name have been registered with ZooBank under urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:399605D3-356E-402D-9ED1-E36A649A3F1B. This is contribution number 643 from the North-West University–Water Research Group.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Authors’ contributions

MCH designed the study and performed the laboratory analyses. TK was responsible for morphological observations and comparison, and for the drawings. NLB was responsible for taxonomic and nomenclatural interpretation and decisions. All authors approved the final manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

The authors reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.

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