Characteristics of Adults With Sensory Differences: An Exploratory Study Using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2

Abstract

Interoception was explored in adults with sensory integration and processing differences Retrospective data were collected from 57 adults. Data included presenting problems, diagnoses, and self-report using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version-2 (MAIA-2). Frequencies were computed. Data from the MAIA-2 were described and correlated. One hundred percent of the sample had interoceptive difference from norms. Common presenting problems were emotional regulation, social relationships, activities of daily living, and mental functions. Commonly reported diagnoses were anxiety and depression. This study highlights the importance of interoception and the usefulness of the MAIA-2.

Keywords:

• Interoception
• adults
• occupational therapy
• mental health
• sensory processing

Acknowledgments

The authors to acknowledge the adults who contributed data to this study as clients of the STAR Institute. We also thank the occupational therapists, OTR/L, MFTC, OTD, OTR/L, who provided assessment and intervention to these clients. Thank you to Dr. Mehling for his guidance on MAIA-2 interpretation.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Author contributions statement

CMS, LG, and SAS participated in all aspects of this study from conception and design to analysis and interpretation. Each author contributed to drafting of the article and revising critically for intellectual content. All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.