Performance Analysis of Centroid-based Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In this paper, a clustering-based energy-efficient routing protocol is designed to overcome the hotspot problem in Wireless Sensor networks (WSNs). We have divided the sensor nodes into several clusters, each cluster having a Cluster Head (CH) or a leader node and also implemented a centroid-based mobile sink. The sink moves to a location called “Energy Dependent Centroid Point” where the CHs need minimal energy to transmit data to the sink. We have defined this “Centroid Point” by an equation where the residual energies of CHs are used as a “weight factor” on a normal centroid equation. We have simulated the proposed algorithm and analyzed the results by varying the values of the energy weight factor in the centroid equation up to certain limits (α = 0, 1, 2, and 3). The simulation results are compared with WSN’s existing routing protocols having a mobile sink and a static sink. The comparison results show that our proposed centroid model with α = 0, where the mobile sink moves independent of the residual energies of CHs gives better performances in terms of network lifetime, energy loss, and total data packet transmission.

KEYWORDS:

• Cluster head
• Centroid
• Energy
• Mobile sink
• Network-lifetime
• Sink node

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Habila Basumatary

Habila Basumatary received BTech and MTech degrees in information technology from Assam University, Silchar and NERIST, Arunachal Pradesh, India in 2015 and 2017, respectively. She received her PhD degree from the Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) Department, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Agartala, India in 2022. Currently, she is working as an institute post-doctoral fellow (IPDF) in CSE Department, IIT Guwahati, India. Her research interests include energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks, mobility management, and IoT.

Arindam Debnath

Arindam Debnath received BTech in information technology and MTech in computer science and engineering from West Bengal University of Technology in 2009 and 2012, respectively. He completed his PhD degree in Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) from Department, at NIT, Agartala, India. His research interests are in data communication and QoS in vehicular communication and machine learning. He is now working in the field of computer vision for autonomous vehicle along with deep learning. Email: [email protected]

Mrinal Kanti Deb Barma

Mrinal Kanti Deb Barma is an associate professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at NIT, Agartala. His research interests are networking, mobile communication, and wireless sensor network. He is presently guiding PhD students, PG, and UG students. He has around 20 years of academic and 5 years of industrial experience. He has published more than 40 technical research papers in international and national journals and conferences. He is a member of IEEE IAENG and the International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology. Email: [email protected]

Bidyut Kumar Bhattacharyya

Bidyut Kumar Bhattacharyya received a BSc degree in physics (with honors) from the Presidency College, Calcutta, West Bengal, India, an MSc degree in physics from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, India, and a PhD degree in physics from the State University of New York at Buffalo, NY, USA in 1976, 1978 and 1983, respectively. From 1984 to 2003 he worked at Intel Corporation Chandler, Arizona, USA as principal engineer and then at Hillsboro, Oregon, USA as a staff engineer from 2003 to 2007. He is the author of 27 patents and more than 60 papers. Dr. Bhattacharyya’s PhD work is recognized as one of the greatest experiments to show the lowest density liquid ever found in nature. He was the recipient of the IAA award by the founders of Intel Corporation Dr. Andy Grove and Dr. Gordon Moore. He was awarded the IEEE Grade in 2000 for his contributions to electronic packaging. Email: [email protected]