Coordinated Control of ALFC-AVR in Multiarea Multisource Systems Integrated with VRFB and TCPS Using CFPDN-PIDN Controller

ABSTRACT

The article discusses the coordinated effect of the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) and thyristor control phase shifter (TCPS) on combined automatic load frequency control and automatic voltage regulator of three area hydrothermal systems incorporating renewable sources. Solar thermal power plant, dish-Stirling solar thermal system, and geothermal power plant are integrated into Area-I, Area-II, and Area-III, respectively. Suitable generation rate constraint and governor dead-band are considered for both thermal and hydro plants. A new fuzzy logic-based cascaded controller named fuzzy proportional-derivative with filter coefficient cascaded with proportional-integral-derivative with filter coefficient (CFPDN-PIDN) is proposed as a secondary controller and its performance is compared with the PIDN and CPDN-PIDN controllers. Various controller parameters are optimized by the artificial flora algorithm. Simulation results reveal that the CFPDN-PIDN controller outperforms the PIDN and CPDN-PIDN controllers. Two types of control schemes are used to regulate the TCPS's phase angle variation: Type-I is a first-order lag transfer function, while Type-II includes a washout filter and lead-lag compensator along with Type-I. Analysis shows that the Type-I control strategy is better than Type-II. VRFB charging/discharging is regulated using high-pass filter (HPF) and dead-band (DB) control schemes. Investigation reveals that the BD scheme provided better system dynamics than the HPF scheme. Moreover, the system performance degrades with very high or low state-of-charge values. Further, using the best control schemes for both VRFB and TCPS, the system's dynamic performance was superior to that of the individual one. Finally, the robustness of the proposed control approach is validated through sensitivity analysis.

KEYWORDS:

• ALFC
• AVR
• Artificial flora algorithm
• CFPDN-PIDN controller
• TCPS
• State-of-charge
• VRFB

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Biswanath Dekaraja

Biswanath Dekaraja received BE degree in electrical engineering from Assam Engineering College affiliated to Guahati University, Guwahati, Assam in 2003 and Master of Electrical Engineering (MEE) from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal in 2012. He is working as a full-time PhD research scholar in National Institute of Technology Silchar, India since 2019. His current research interests include power systems, automatic generation control, FACTs, renewable energy sources, and energy storage devices.

Lalit Chandra Saikia

Lalit Chandra Saikia was born in Assam, India, received his BE from Dibrugarh University, Assam, in 1993. Dr Saikia joined in North Eastern Drilling & Work over Services Company (Pvt) Ltd, Digboi, Assam in December 1992 as an electrical engineer. In December 1993, he joined as a rig electrical engineer in ONGCL Recapicol, Sibasagar, Assam and worked till 1997. He started his teaching life as lecturer (Part Time) in Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat, Assamin 1997. In 2000, Dr Saikia joined as a lecturer in Electrical Engineering Department, NIT Silchar. He received his MTech degree in power systems from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi in 2007. He received his PhD degree in electrical engineering from National Institute of Technology (NIT) Silchar, Assam in April 2012, where he is currently associate professor of the Department of Electrical Engineering. He works in the field of power systems, soft computing application in power systems, power quality, power system control and operation. Email: [email protected]