Mother’s psychopathological conditions and parenting characteristics according to smoke exposure

ABSTRACT

The study aims to investigate the relationship between maternal smoking and smoke exposure with the mother’s parenting attitude and psychopathological conditions in the absence of any health problems in the mother-child pairs. A descriptive form consisting of 27 questions, a “Parental Attitude Scale”, and a “Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale” was applied by mothers with children aged 2 to 6 years. Of the 450 voluntary mothers included in the study, 107 (23.8%) had environmental smoke exposure and 69 (15.0%) were smokers. The highest quartile of democratic subscores was associated with maternal smoking and smoke exposure when confounding factors were controlled. Compared to non-smokers and unexposed, the adjusted odds ratio of having abnormal anxiety scale subscores was 3.90 [95% CI: 1.69–8.97] for smokers. When parenting types were included, mothers' smoking status and overprotective subscores were found to be associated with anxiety. There is an interaction among mothers' smoking, parenting types, and anxiety scores.

KEYWORDS:

• parenting attitudes
• anxiety
• depression
• stress
• smoke

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author contributions

SSY: Conceptualization, methodology, statistical analysis, review and editing, supervision; EAA, BE, EI, MC: Conceptualization, investigation, Writing – Original Draft; EAA: Writing – last Draft; All authors approved final version.

Data availability statement

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Ethics approval

This study was approved by the Clinical Researchs Ethics Committee of Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara [2020-KAEK-141/307; Protocol no: E-22/03–300].

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all parents enrolled in the study.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2023.2234844

Additional information

Funding

There is no financial support.