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Abstract
On 1 January 2024, the leaders of Ethiopia and Somaliland – a territory seeking independence from Somalia – signed a memorandum of understanding granting Addis Ababa 50-year access to a strip of coastline on the Gulf of Aden. The deal prompted a furious reaction from authorities in Mogadishu, the federal capital of Somalia, which claims sovereignty over the disputed territory. Regional officials and Western diplomats view these events as only the latest example of Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s appetite for disruption and revisionism in an already volatile part of the world.