https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-2071
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ABSTRACT
In the present study, the methane/air turbulent diffusion flame enrichment by hydrogen, has been numerically investigated using a statistical approach. The countercurrent flame has been analyzed in the plane of the mixture fraction using the flame let approach. The chemical kinetics have been represented by the GRI Mech-3.0 mechanism, whereas the simulations have been performed with the PDF approach, and the modified k-ε turbulence model. Furthermore, the effect of the hydrogen addition to CH4/H2 melange with an amount of 0% to 20% was investigated; the flamelet model was first used to create a library of chemical characteristics of the laminar flame structure in the form as a mixture fraction Z-function. Next, we coupled the turbulent field to obtain the turbulent modeled flame structure with the modified k-ε model. The numerical results revealed that using the flamelet model allows an improvement of the mixture quality while adding hydrogen, whereas the maximum consumption zone occurs near the burner outlet, and the combustion temperature increases under the effect of hydrogen doping which reached 1884K, in which the NO mass fraction follows the same temperature evolutions.
Nomenclatures
| Cε1 | = | Coefficient model k -ε ( = 1.44) |
| Cε2 | = | Coefficient model k -ε ( = 0.09) |
| Cε3 | = | Coefficient correction Pope ( = 0.50) |
| D | = | Diffusion coefficient, m2/s |
| Gk | = | Production of turbulent kinetic energy, J |
| MWl | = | Masse molar of species l Kg/Mol |
| P | = | Pressure, Pa |
| R | = | Ideal gas constant, J/kg.K |
| T | = | Temperature, K |
| ui | = | Velocity in the direction i, m/s |
| Yl | = | Mass fraction of species l |
| Z | = | Mixture fraction |
| Greek Symbols | = | |
| χ | = | Scalar dissipation rate, 1/s |
| ε | = | Dissipation rate |
| μt | = | Turbulent viscosity, Pa. s |
| = | Reaction rate of species l | |
| ρ | = | Density, kg/m3 |
| σ | = | Transport coefficients k ( = 1.0) |
| Superscripts | = | |
| ~ | = | Favre-averaged |
| – | = | Reynolds-averaged |
| ’’ | = | Fluctuations |
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Mounia Belacel
Mounia Belacel is a postgraduate in University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumedienne (USTHB) (Algeria), And is Research at the Research Centre on Renewable Energy (CDER). Her research interest is the Chemistry area (Catalysis, Materials) and Hydrogen Conversion system (Combustion).
Amar Hadef
Amar.Hadef is a Assit Prof at the Université de Larbi Ben M’hidi University of Oum El Bouaghi, Her research focuses on Combustion, MILD regime, Counter flow flames, Detailed chemistry.
Abdelbaki Mameri
Abdelbaki.Mameri is a Professor at the Université de Larbi Ben M’hidi University of Oum El Bouaghi, Her research focuses on Combustion, MILD regime, Counter flow flames, Detailed chemistry, EDC model.
Insaf Tou
Insaf Tou PhD in biological science, applied biochemistry and microbiology specialization in 2021 from M’hamed Bouguara University of Boumerdes in Algeria. Currently, working as a researcher in the renewable energy development center, CDER. Interested on the development of bioenergy via different natural source for electricity generation through microbial fuel cells devices. Also working on microbiological and biochemical bacterial processes for bioenergy production.
Abdelhak Skender
Abdelhak Skender PhD from the Yahia Farés University in Médéa. Her research focuses on nanotechnology and its applications in biomedical, medical and pharmaceutical fields, etc.
Nassima Salhi
Nassima SALHI has thirty years of experience teaching and research. She received her Ph.D. (2006) degree at the University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumedienne (USTHB) (Algeria). She has 30 years of experience both in teaching and research in the chemistry area. She starts her research at the natural gas conversion laboratory and then joined the LCPMM laboratory at Blida 1 University in 2019. Her research interests are focused on homogenous and heterogenous catalysis, materials, nanoparticles organic synthesis, organometallic catalysis, natural gas conversion, green hydrogen production, photocatalysis for hydrogen production and spectroscopic analysis methods.