https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9973-6346
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ABSTRACT
Objectives
Vietnam is one of the countries in highly endemic areas of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the world. Our study aims to determine the prevalence of HBV infection among different age groups of workers who had been included for annual general health checkups
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Health Screening Department, University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, using anonymous data from employees who had health checkups from June 2017 to June 2018.
Results
A total of 5727 subjects were included, with an overall HBV prevalence of 9.0%. The prevalence of HBV infection was significantly higher in men and lowest in the age groups of 18–30. In multivariable analysis, the variables that were independently associated with HBV infection were male gender (Odd ratio (OR), 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.58–2.60; p < 0.001), older than 30 years old (age group of 31–40: OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.33–2.18; p < 0.001; of 41–50, OR 1.82; 95% CI, 1.37–2.43; p < 0.001); high total cholesterol (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64–0.94; p = 0.011), high triglyceride (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.42–0.65; p < 0.001), and having significant fibrosis (OR, 2.7; 95% CI 1.85–3,95; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The prevalence of HBV infection among employees on health assessments is still high (9%), even in the age group under 30 (7%). Male, age group older than 30, and significant liver fibrosis were the factors related to HBV infection. High cholesterol and level triglyceride were protective factors against HBV infection.
Abbreviations
| BMI | = | body mass index |
| ALT | = | alanine aminotransferase |
| APRI | = | aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index |
| AST | = | aspartate aminotransferase |
| CI | = | confidence interval |
| HBsAg | = | hepatitis B surface antigen |
| HBV | = | hepatitis B virus |
| HDL-C | = | high-density lipoprotein cholestero |
| OR | = | dd ratio |
| LDL-C | = | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
Declaration of financial/other relationships
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties. Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.
Author contributions
The idea and concept were developed by Nguyen Thi Cam Huong and Pham Thi Le Hoa. Nguyen Thi Cam Huong, Nguyen Van Luu, Nguyen Hai Nam, Suhaib Ghula, Ahmad Taysir Atieh Qarawi, Pham Thi Mai Truc, Dang Nguyen Trung An, Pham Thi Le Hoa, and Nguyen Tien Huy made data gathering, data analysis, and interpretation. Nguyen Van Luu, Nguyen Hai Nam, Suhaib Ghula, Ahmad Taysir Atieh Qarawi, Pham Thi Mai Truc, and Nguyen Thi Cam Huong prepared the tables and figures. Nguyen Van Luu, Nguyen Hai Nam, Suhaib Ghula, Ahmad Taysir Atieh Qarawi, Pham Thi Mai Truc, Nguyen Thi Cam Huong, Pham Thi Le Hoa, and Nguyen Tien Huy contributed to the result interpretation and manuscript writing. All authors approved the final version.