Exploring the universe of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in trans women: A qualitative analysis of access, use and adherence

Abstract

Introduction

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV, a form of emergency prevention, has been available for more than two decades. However, information about its use among trans women, a group disproportionately affected by HIV, is limited.

Objective

To explore knowledge, barriers, access facilitators, and use of PEP in trans women.

Method

A qualitative study was carried out with 90 trans women in Goiânia, Central-West of Brazil, using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Participants had prior knowledge about PEP, although many did not understand its application and effectiveness. Despite knowing there were structural and psychosocial barriers that proved to be significant impediments to access and effective use of PEP.

Conclusion

There is a need to develop inclusive public health strategies that meet the needs of trans women to improve access to and use of PEP. Continuing education and awareness initiatives are crucial to dispelling myths and providing accurate information about prophylaxis options. These are essential for both the trans community and health professionals, aiming to reduce the incidence of HIV in this vulnerable and often marginalized group. The implementation of such measures can facilitate greater adherence to PEP, contributing to the health and well-being of trans women.

Keywords:

• HIV
• knowledge
• post-exposure prophylaxis
• prevention & control
• transgender people

Acknowledgments

The Center for Studies in Epidemiology and Care in Communicable Diseases and Human Health Problems (NECAIH) of the Faculty of Nursing at the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. The Foundation of the State of Goiás / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás (FAPEG) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)—CAPES/PRINT USP/EERP Cod 001 - University of São Paulo/University of Birmingham UK.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants followed the ethical standards of the Research Ethics Committee of the University (Protocol CAAE: 2332210) and complied with the regulatory standards for research involving human beings described in Brazilian Resolution 466/2012 of Nacional Council of Health.

Disclosure statement

All authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Foundation of the State of Goiás / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás (FAPEG), Public Call 007/2016 – Support Program for Emerging Centers – PRONEM/FAPEG/CNPq and also by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) – CAPES/PRINT USP/EERP Cod 001 - University of São Paulo/University of Birmingham UK.