Adhesion properties of the hybrid system made of laser-structured aluminium EN AW 6082 and CFRP by co-bonding-pressing process

References

• Bader, B.; Türck, E.; Vietor, T. Multi Material Design. A Current Overview of the Used Potential in Automotive Industries. Technol. Econ. Funct. Lightweight Des. 2019. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-58206-0_1.
   Google Scholar
• Presno, M. J.; Landajo, M.; González, P. F. GHG Emissions in the EU-28. A Multilevel Club Convergence Study of the Emission Trading System and Effort Sharing Decision Mechanisms. Sustainable Prod. Consumption. 2021, 27, 998–1009. DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2021.02.032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuhmann, D.; Rockinger, C.; Merkel, M.; Harrison, D. K. A Study on Additive Manufacturing for Electromobility. World Electric Veh. J. 2022, 13(8), 154. DOI: 10.3390/wevj13080154.
   Google Scholar
• Ireland, R.; Arronche, L.; Saponara, V. L. Electrochemical Investigation of Galvanic Corrosion Between Aluminum 7075 and Glass Fibre/Epoxy Composites Modified with Carbon Nanotubes. Compos. B Eng. 2012, 43, 183–194. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.08.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandeep, R.; Natarajan, A. Advances in Joining Technologies for the Innovation of 21 St Century Lightweight Aluminium-CFRP Hybrid Structures. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 2022, 236, 1239–1255. DOI: 10.1177/09544089211073027.
   Google Scholar
• Pramanik, A.; Basak, A. K.; Dong, Y.; Sarker, P. K.; Uddin, M. S.; Littlefair, G.; Dixit, A. R.; Chattopadhyaya, S. Joining of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composites and Aluminium Alloys – a Review. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2017, 101, 1–29. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.06.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado, J.-J.-M.; Nunes, P. D. P.; Marques, E. A. S.; da Silva, L. F. M. Adhesive Joints Using Aluminium and CFRP Substrates Tested at Low and High Temperatures Under Quasi-Static and Impact Conditions for the Automotive Industry. Compos. B Eng. 2019, 158, 102–116. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.09.067.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, Z.; Sugiyama, S.; Yanagimoto, J. Hybrid Joining Process for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic and Metallic Thin Sheets by Chemical Bonding and Plastic Deformation. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2013, 213, 1864–1874. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.04.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lionetto, F.; Mele, C.; Leo, P.; D’Ostuni, S.; Balle, F.; Maffezzoli, A. Ultrasonic Spot Welding of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites to Aluminum: Mechanical and Electrochemical Characterization. Compos. B Eng. 2018, 144, 134–142. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.02.026.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y.; Meng, S.; Gong, Q.; Huang, Y.; Gan, J.; Zhao, M.; Liu, B.; Liu, L.; Zou, G.; Zhuang, D. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Laser Pretreatment on Strengthening the Heterojunction Between Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic and Aluminum Alloy. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2019, 11(24), 11, 22005–22014. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wunderling, C.; Mayr, L.; Meyer, S. P.; Zaeh, M. F. Laser-Based Surface Pre-Treatment for Metal-Plastic Hybrids Using a New Process Strategy. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2020, 282, 282, 116675. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116675.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinn, C.; Bobbert, M.; Dammann, C.; Wang, Z.; Tröster, T.; Mahnken, R.; Meschut, G.; Schaper, M. Shear Strength and Failure Behaviour of Laser Nano-Structured and Conventionally Pre-Treated Interfaces in Intrinsically Manufactured CFRP-Steel Hybrids. Compos. B Eng. 2018, 151, 173–185. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.05.030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heckert, A.; Zaeh, M. F. Laser Surface Pre-Treatment of Aluminium for Hybrid Joints with Glass Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics. Phys. Procedia. 2014, 56, 1171–1181. DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.08.032.
   Google Scholar
• Schanz, J.; Meinhard, D.; Dostal, I.; Riegel, H.; de Silva, A. K. M.; Harrison, D. K.; Knoblauch, V. Comprehensive Study on the Influence of Different Pretreatment Methods and Structural Adhesives on the Shear Strength of Hybrid CFRP/Aluminum Joints. J. Adhes. 2022, 98, 1772–1800. DOI: 10.1080/00218464.2021.1938004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rechner, R.; Jansen, I.; Beyer, E. Influence on the Strength and Aging Resistance of Aluminium Joints by Laser Pre-Treatment and Surface Modification. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 2010, 30, 595–601. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2010.05.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauter, C.; Niewel, J.; Troester, T. Quasistatic and Crash Tests of Steel-CFRP Hybrid Pillar Structures for Automotive Applications. Int. J. Automot. Compos. 2014, 1, 52–66. DOI: 10.1504/IJAUTOC.2014.064127.
   Google Scholar
• Lengsfeld, R.; Wolff-Fabris, F.; Krämer, J.; Lacalle, J.; Altstädt, V. Faserverbundwerkstoffe: Prepregs und ihre Verarbeitung; München, Germany: Hanser, 2015; p. 14.
   Google Scholar
• Lauter, C.; Reuter, C.; Wu, S.; Troester, T. Large-Scale Production of High-Performance Fiber-Metal-Laminates by Prepreg-Press-Technology. Int. J. Mech. Aerosp. Ind. Mechatron. Manuf. Eng. 2016, 10, 875–880. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1124481.
   Google Scholar
• Weidenmann, K. A.; Baumgärtner, L.; Haspel, B. The Edge Shear Test - an Alternative Testing Method for the Determination of the Interlaminar Shear Strength in Composite Materials. MSF. 2015, 825-826, 806–813. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.825-826.806.
   Google Scholar
• Weidenmann, K. A.; Haspel, B.; Baumgärtner, L. Device and Method for Determining the Shearing Resistance and the Shearing Modulus of Composite Materials. EP3073244B1. October 3, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Larson, M. G. Analysis of Variance. Circulation. 2008, 117, 115–121. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.654335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiuna, N.; Lawrence, C. J.; Fontana, Q. P. V.; Lee, P. D.; Selerland, T.; Spelt, P. D. M. A Model for Resin Viscosity During Cure in the Resin Transfer Moulding Process. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2002, 33, 1497–1503. DOI: 10.1016/S1359-835X(02)00177-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ra, S. H.; Lee, H. Nano Sized Patterning on the Thermoset Materials Using Thermal Curing Nano-Imprinting Technology. Solid State Phenom. 2007, 121-123, 681–684. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.121-123.681.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, S.; Xu, W.; Liang, L.; Wang, T.; Wei, Y. An Experimental Study on the Dependence of the Strength of Adhesively Bonded Joints with Thickness and Mechanical Properties of the Adhesives. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 2014, 28, 1055–1071. DOI: 10.1080/01694243.2014.884753.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, Y.; Kumar, J.; Singh, I.; Rakesh, P. K. Joining Behavior of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. Joining Processes Dissimilar Adv. Mater. 2022, 1, 33–63. Woodhead Publishing. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-85399-6.00018-7.
   Google Scholar
• Freund, J.; Löbbecke, M.; Delp, A.; Walther, F.; Wu, S.; Tröster, T.; Haubrich, J. Relationship Between Laser-Generated Micro- and Nanostructures and the Long-Term Stability of Bonded Epoxy-Aluminum Joints. J. Adhes. 2023, 1–31. DOI: 10.1080/00218464.2023.2223475.
   Google Scholar
• Reis, P. N. B.; Ferreira, J. A. M.; Antunes, F. Effect of Adherend’s Rigidity on the Shear Strength of Single Lap Adhesive Joints. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 2011, 31, 193–201. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2010.12.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang, M.; Hirner, S.; Wiesbrock, F.; Fuchs, P. A Review on Modeling Cure Kinetics and Mechanisms of Photopolymerization. Polymers. 2022, 14(10), 2074. DOI: 10.3390/polym14102074.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woehrmann, M.; Toepper, M. Polymerization of Thin Film Polymers. In New Polymers for Special Applications, de Souza Gomes, A., Ed.; 2012; DOI: 10.5772/48205.
   Google Scholar
• Grunenfelder, L. K.; Nutt, S. R. Void Formation in Composite Prepregs – Effect of Dissolved Moisture. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2010, 70, 2304–2309. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.09.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, L.; Zhang, B.-M.; Wang, D.-F.; Wu, Z.-J. Effects of Cure Cycles on Void Content and Mechanical Properties of Composite Laminates. Compos. Struct. 2006, 73, 303–309. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.02.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldridge, M.; Wineman, A.; Waas, A.; Kieffer, J. In situ Analysis of the Relationship Between Cure Kinetics and the Mechanical Modulus of an Epoxy Resin. Macromolecules. 2014, 47(23), 8368–8376. DOI: 10.1021/ma501441c.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidenmann, K. A.; Pottmeyer, F.; Wang, Z.; Troester, T.; Meiners, D.; Zinn, C.; Schaper, M.; Gonzalez, J. S. Shear Edge Tests: A Benchmark in Investigating the Influence of Different Surface Pretreatment Methods on the Shear Stress of Intrinsically Manufactured Metal-CFRP Hybrids. Int. J. Automot. Compos. 2016, 2, 244. DOI: 10.1504/IJAUTOC.2016.10005303.
   Google Scholar
• Lohr, C.; Muth, M.; Dreher, R.; Zinn, C.; Elsner, P.; Weidenmann, K. A. Polymer-Steel-Sandwich-Structures: Influence of Process Parameters on the Composite Strength. Key Eng. Mater., 809, 266–273. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.809.266.
   Google Scholar
• Stoll, M. M.; Sessner, V.; Kramar, M.; Technau, J.; Weidenmann, K. A. The Effect of an Elastomer Interlayer Thickness Variation on the Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Metal-Laminates. Compos. Struct. 2019, 219, 90–96. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.03.042.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, H.; Zhu, Y.; Meng, X.; Li, S.; Du, W.; Qin, X. Effect of Laser Generated Microgrooves Geometric Parameters on the Shear Strength of CFRP-Aluminium Alloy Adhesive Joints. J. Adhes. 2023, 99, 1744–1767. DOI: 10.1080/00218464.2022.2158731.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redmann, A.; Damodaran, V.; Tischer, F.; Prabhakar, P.; Osswald, T. A. Evaluation of Single-Lap and Block Shear Test Methods in Adhesively Bonded Composite Joints. J. Compos. Sci. 2021, 5, 27. DOI: 10.3390/jcs5010027.
   Google Scholar
• Behnisch, F.; Rosenberg, P.; Weidenmann, K. A.; Henning, F. Investigation of the Matrix Influence on the Laminate Properties of Epoxy- and Polyurethane-Based CFRPs Manufactured with HP-RTM-Process. AIP conference Proceedings 2017. DOI: 10.1063/1.5016789.
   Google Scholar
• Rosselli, F.; Santare, M. H. Comparison of the Short Beam Shear (SBS) and Interlaminar Shear Device (ISD) Tests. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 1997, 28, 587–594. DOI: 10.1016/S1359-835X(97)00009-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, P.; Sohier, L.; Cognard, J.-Y.; Bourmaud, A.; Choqueuse, D.; Rinnert, E.; Créac’hcadec, R. Influence of Adhesive Bond Line Thickness on Joint Strength. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 2009, 29, 724–736. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2009.03.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar