Foreign Aid and Female Empowerment

References

• Agarwal, B. (1994). Gender and command over property: A critical gap in economic analysis and policy in south asia. World Development, 22(10), 1455–1478. doi:10.1016/0305-750X(94)90031-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allcott, H. (2015). Site selection bias in program evaluation. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 130(3), 1117–1165. doi:10.1093/qje/qjv015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allendorf, K. (2007). Do women’s land rights promote empowerment and child health in nepal? World Development, 35(11), 1975–1988. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.12.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, M. L. (2008). Multiple inference and gender differences in the effects of early intervention: A reevaluation of the abecedarian, perry preschool, and early training projects. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 103(484), 1481–1495. doi:10.1198/016214508000000841
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angelucci, M. (2008). Love on the rocks: Domestic violence and alcohol abuse in rural Mexico. The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 8(1), 43. doi:10.2202/1935-1682.1766
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashraf, N., Bau, N., Nunn, N., & Voena, A. (2020). Bride price and female education. Journal of Political Economy, 128(2), 591–641. doi:10.1086/704572
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baliamoune-Lutz, M. (2016). The effectiveness of foreign aid to women’s equality organisations in the mena. Journal of International Development, 28(3), 320–341. doi:10.1002/jid.3214
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee, A., Duflo, E., Glennerster, R., & Kinnan, C. (2015). The miracle of microfinance? evidence from a randomized evaluation. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 7(1), 22–53. doi:10.1257/app.20130533
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bold, T., Kimenyi, M., Mwabu, G., Ng’ang’a, A., & Sandefur, J. (2018). Experimental evidence on scaling up education reforms in Kenya. Journal of Public Economics, 168, 1–20. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.08.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chattopadhyay, R., & Duflo, E. (2004). Women as policy makers: Evidence from a randomized policy experiment in india. Econometrica, 72(5), 1409–1443. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0262.2004.00539.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chin, Y.-M. (2012). Male backlash, bargaining, or exposure reduction?: women’s working status and physical spousal violence in india. Journal of Population Economics, 25(1), 175–200. doi:10.1007/s00148-011-0382-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cools, S., & Kotsadam, A. (2017). Resources and intimate partner violence in sub-saharan africa. World Development, 95, 211–230. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.02.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De, R., & Becker, C. (2015). The foreign aid effectiveness debate: Evidence from Malawi. AidData Working Paper 6. Williamsburg, VA: College of William and Mary.
   Google Scholar
• De Brauw, A., Gilligan, D. O., Hoddinott, J., & Roy, S. (2014). The impact of bolsa família on women’s decision-making power. World Development, 59, 487–504. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaton, A., & Cartwright, N. (2018). Understanding and misunderstanding randomized controlled trials. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 210, 2–21. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.12.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deininger, K., Jin, S., Nagarajan, H. K., & Xia, F. (2019). Inheritance law reform, empowerment, and human capital accumulation: Second-generation effects from India. The Journal of Development Studies, 55(12), 2549–2571.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai, R. M., & Olofsgård, A. (2019). Can the poor organize? public goods and self-help groups in rural india. World Development, 121, 33–52. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.04.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhar, D., Jain, T., & Jayachandran, S. (2022). Reshaping adolescents’ gender attitudes: Evidence from a school-based experiment in india. American Economic Review, 112(3), 899–927. doi:10.1257/aer.20201112
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djurfeldt, A. A., Hillbom, E., Mulwafu, W. O., Mvula, P., & Djurfeldt, G. (2018). The family farms together, the decisions, however are made by the man”—matrilineal land tenure systems, welfare and decision making in rural malawi. Land Use Policy, 70, 601–610. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.10.048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreher, A., & Lohmann, S. (2015). Aid and growth at the regional level. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 31(3-4), 420–446. doi:10.1093/oxrep/grv026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duflo, E. (2012). Women empowerment and economic development. Journal of Economic Literature, 50(4), 1051–1079. doi:10.1257/jel.50.4.1051
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field, E. (2007). Entitled to work: Urban property rights and labor supply in peru. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(4), 1561–1602. doi:10.1162/qjec.2007.122.4.1561
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Findley, M. G., Powell, J., Strandow, D., & Tanner, J. (2011). The localized geography of foreign aid: A new dataset and application to violent armed conflict. World Development, 39(11), 1995–2009. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.07.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gakidou, E., Cowling, K., Lozano, R., & Murray, C. J. (2010). Increased educational attainment and its effect on child mortality in 175 countries between 1970 and 2009: A systematic analysis. The Lancet, 376(9745), 959–974. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61257-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grown, C., Addison, T., & Tarp, F. (2016). Aid for gender equality and development: Lessons and challenges. Journal of International Development, 28(3), 311–319. doi:10.1002/jid.3211
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haushofer, J., & Shapiro, J. (2016). The short-term impact of unconditional cash transfers to the poor: experimental evidence from kenya. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131(4), 1973–2042. doi:10.1093/qje/qjw025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heise, L. L., & Kotsadam, A. (2015). Cross-national and multilevel correlates of partner violence: an analysis of data from population-based surveys. The Lancet Global Health, 3(6), e332–e340. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00013-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibik, J. O. (1970). Restatement of African Law: Malawi. I. The law of marriage and divorce. London: Sweet and Maxwell.
   Google Scholar
• Imbens, G. W. (2015). Matching methods in practice: Three examples. Journal of Human Resources, 50(2), 373–419. doi:10.3368/jhr.50.2.373
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imbens, G. W., & Rubin, D. B. (2015). Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences: An Introduction (1st ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Isaksson, A.-S., & Kotsadam, A. (2018). Chinese aid and local corruption. Journal of Public Economics, 159, 146–159. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayachandran, S., Biradavolu, M., & Cooper, J. (2023). Using machine learning and qualitative interviews to design a five-question survey module for women’s agency. World Development, 161, 106076. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106076
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jayachandran, S., & Pande, R. (2017). Why are indian children so short? the role of birth order and son preference. American Economic Review, 107(9), 2600–2629. doi:10.1257/aer.20151282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keats, A. (2018). Women’s schooling, fertility, and child health outcomes: Evidence from uganda’s free primary education program. Journal of Development Economics, 135, 142–159. doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2018.07.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. C., Watts, C. H., Hargreaves, J. R., Ndhlovu, L. X., Phetla, G., Morison, L. A., Busza, J., Porter, J. D., & Pronyk, P. (2007). Understanding the impact of a microfinance-based intervention on women’s empowerment and the reduction of intimate partner violence in South Africa. American Journal of Public Health, 97(10), 1794–1802. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.095521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiplesund, S., & Morton, M. (2014). Gender-based violence prevention: lessons from world bank impact evaluations. In enGender Impact: The World Bank’s Gender Impact Evaluation Database. Washington, DC: World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Knutsen, T., & Kotsadam, A. (2020). The political economy of aid allocation: Aid and incumbency at the local level in sub saharan africa. World Development, 127, 104729. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104729
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotsadam, A., Østby, G., & Rustad, S. A. (2017). Structural change and wife abuse: A disaggregated study of mineral mining and domestic violence in sub-saharan africa, 1999–2013. Political Geography, 56, 53–65. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2016.11.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowes, S. (2021). Kinship structure, stress, and the gender gap in competition. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 192, 36–57. doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2021.09.029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCrary, J., & Royer, H. (2011). The effect of female education on fertility and infant health: Evidence from school entry policies using exact date of birth. American Economic Review, 101(1), 158–195. doi:10.1257/aer.101.1.158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellish, M., Settergren, S., & Sapuwa, H. (2015). Gender-based violence in Malawi: A literature review to inform the national response. Washington, DC: Futures Group, Health Policy Project.
   Google Scholar
• Munshi, K., & Myaux, J. (2006). Social norms and the fertility transition. Journal of Development Economics, 80(1), 1–38. doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murdock, G. P., Textor, R., Barry, I. H., White, D. R., Gray, J. P., & Divale, W. T. (1999). Ethnographic Atlas. World Cultures, 10, 24–136.
   Google Scholar
• Odokonyero, T., Marty, R., Muhumuza, T., Ijjo, A. T., & Owot Moses, G. (2018). The impact of aid on health outcomes in Uganda. Health Economics, 27(4), 733–745. doi:10.1002/hec.3632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peratsakis, C., Powell, J., Findley, M., Baker, J., & Weaver, C. (2012). Geocoded activity-level data from the government of Malawi’s aid management platform. Washington, DC: AidData and the Robert S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law.
   Google Scholar
• Pickbourn, L., & Ndikumana, L. (2016). The impact of the sectoral allocation of foreign aid on gender inequality. Journal of International Development, 28(3), 396–411. doi:10.1002/jid.3213
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pulerwitz, J., Hughes, L., Mehta, M., Kidanu, A., Verani, F., & Tewolde, S. (2015). Changing gender norms and reducing intimate partner violence: Results from a quasi-experimental intervention study with young men in Ethiopia. American Journal of Public Health, 105(1), 132–137. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravishankar, V., El-Kogali, S. E.-T., Sankar, D., Tanaka, N., & Rakoto-Tiana, N. (2016). Primary Education in Malawi: Expenditures, service delivery, and outcomes. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, T., & Dionne, K. Y. (2013). Aid effectiveness and allocation: Evidence from malawi. In ASA 2013 Annual Meeting Paper.
   Google Scholar
• Schwab, K., Samans, R., Zahidi, S., Leopold, T. A., Ratcheva, V., Hausmann, R., & Tyson, L. D. (2017, November). The global gender gap report 2017. World Economic Forum.
   Google Scholar
• Sen, A. (1990). Gender and cooperative conflicts. In I. Tinker (Ed.), Persistent Inequalities: Women and World Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, R. R., Chawla, S., & Karam, C. M. (2021). 10. Global Gender Gap Index: World Economic Forum perspective. Handbook on Diversity and Inclusion Indices: A Research Compendium, 150.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, D. (1990). Intra-household resource allocation an inferential approach. The Journal of Human Resources, 25(4), 635–664. doi:10.2307/145670
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udry, C. (1996). Gender, agricultural production, and the theory of the household. Journal of Political Economy, 104(5), 1010–1046. doi:10.1086/262050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar