Artificial Intelligence Detection System of Radioactive Nanocomposites in Liquid-Filled Containers for Nuclear Security

References

• J. MEDALIA, Detection of Nuclear Weapons and Materials: Science, Technologies, Observations, DIANE Publishing (2010).
   Google Scholar
• J. M. HALL et al., “The Nuclear Car Wash: Neutron Interrogation of Cargo Containers to Detect Hidden SNM,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B, 261, 337 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. ALAMANIOTIS et al., “Intelligent Detection of SNM in Liquid Containers,” presented at the 2009 16th Int. Conf. on Systems, Signals, and Image Processing, p. 1, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (2009).
   Google Scholar
• J. YOUNG, M. ALAMANIOTIS, and L. H. TSOUKALAS, “Fuzzy Logic Detection of Special Nuclear Materials in Aqueous Environments,” presented at the American Nuclear Society Student Conf. (Apr. 2012).
   Google Scholar
• A. A. DIAZ et al., “Non-Invasive Ultrasonic Instrument for Counter-Terrorism and Drug Interdiction Operations—The Acoustic Inspection Device (AID),” Proc. 20th IEEE Instrumentation Technology Conf. (Catalog no. 03CH37412), p. 1275, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (2003).
   Google Scholar
• W. BERTOZZI et al., “Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence and Effective Z Determination Applied to Detection and Imaging of Special Nuclear Material, Explosives, Toxic Substances and Contraband,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B, 261, 331 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, COMMITTEE ON CHALLENGES FOR THE CHEMICAL SCIENCES IN THE 21ST, BEYOND THE MOLECULAR FRONTIER, Challenges for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Academies Press (2003).
   Google Scholar
• M. ALAMANIOTIS et al., “Engineering Solution to Nuclear Material Detection at Ports: Introducing the Novel Imass Paradigm,” presented at the 2009 21st IEEE Int. Conf. on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, p. 679, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (2009).
   Google Scholar
• NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, COMMITTEE ON IMPROVING THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR MANAGING NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL THROUGH THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SCIENCE PROGRAM, Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE’s Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel, National Academies Press (2003).
   Google Scholar
• H. R. YOSHIMURA, J. S. LUDWIGSEN, and M. MCALLASTER, “Use of Depleted Uranium Metal as Cask Shielding in High-Level Waste Storage, Transport, and Disposal Systems,” Sandia National Laboratories (1996).
   Google Scholar
• A. NOMINE et al., Physical Metallurgy of Uranium Alloys: Third Army Materials Technology Conference, Brook Hill Publishing Company (1974).
   Google Scholar
• C. T. OLOFSON, G. E. MEYER, and A. L. HOFFMANNER, “Processing and Applications of Depleted Uranium Alloy Products,” Metals and Ceramics Information Center, Columbus, Ohio (1976).
   Google Scholar
• D. ABRAHAM et al., “Corrosion of Structural Materials by Lead-Based Reactor Coolants,” Argonne National Laboratory (2000).
   Google Scholar
• E. ADAMOV and L. BOL’SHOV, “White Book of Nuclear Power Engineering,” M.: NIKIET (2001).
   Google Scholar
• R. ODETTE and S. ZINKLE, Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications, Newnes (2019).
   Google Scholar
• J. J. PARK and J. J. BUKSA, “Selection of Flowing Liquid Lead Target Structural Materials for Accelerator Driven Transmutation Applications,” AIP Conf. Proc., p. 512, American Institute of Physics (1995).
   Google Scholar
• G. BELLANGER, Corrosion Induced by Low-Energy Radionuclides: Modeling of Tritium and Its Radiolytic and Decay Products Formed in Nuclear Installations, Elsevier (2004).
   Google Scholar
• A. FLEITMAN, R. HERCHENROEDER, and J. CHOW, “Cobalt-Base Alloys for Use in Nuclear Reactors,” Nucl. Eng. Des., 15, 345 (1971); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(71)90074-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. LIU et al., “Relations of Chemical Composition to Solidification Behavior and Associated Microstructure of Stellite Alloys,” Metall. Microstruct. Anal., 4, 146 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13632-015-0196-2.
   Google Scholar
• M. RIDDIHOUGH, “Stellite as a Wear-Resistant Material,” Tribology, 3, 211 (1970); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-2678(70)90058-8.
   Google Scholar
• B. ADE et al., “Safety and Regulatory Issues of the Thorium Fuel Cycle,” Oak Ridge National Laboratory (2014).
   Google Scholar
• U. E. HUMPHREY and M. U. KHANDAKER, “Viability of Thorium-Based Nuclear Fuel Cycle for the Next Generation Nuclear Reactor: Issues and Prospects,” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 97, 259 (2018); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.08.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. L. KELLY et al., The Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles: The Influence of Size, Shape, and Dielectric Environment, pp. 668–677, ACS Publications (2003).
   Google Scholar
• A. SUREKA and V. SANTHANAM, “Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles Using DDA,” J. Young Invest., 25, 66 (2013).
   Google Scholar
• H. SHI, M. CHU, and P. ZHANG, “Optical Properties of UO2 and PuO2,” J. Nucl. Mater., 400, 151 (2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.02.024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. SINGH et al., “Ab-Initio Calculation on Electronic and Optical Properties of ThO2, UO2 and PuO2,” J. Nucl. Mater., 511, 128 (2018); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.08.055.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. CHEN and R. JOHNSTON, “Structure and Spectral Characteristics of the Nanoalloy Ag3 Au10,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 90, 153123 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2722702.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• V. AMENDOLA et al., “Surface Plasmon Resonance in Gold Nanoparticles: A Review,” J. Phys., 29, 203002 (2017).
   Google Scholar
• X. HUANG, S. NERETINA, and M. A. EL‐SAYED, “Gold Nanorods: From Synthesis and Properties to Biological and Biomedical Applications,” Adv. Mater., 21, 4880 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200802789.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. KIM, J. H. LEE, and J. M. NAM, “Plasmonic Photothermal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications,” Adv. Sci., 6, 1900471 (2019); http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201900471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E. POLO et al., “Colloidal Bioplasmonics,” Nano Today, 20, 58 (2018); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2018.04.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. BANDEMER and S. GOTTWALD, Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Methods, Wiley Chichester (1995).
   Google Scholar
• B. KOSKO and M. TOMS, Fuzzy Thinking: The New Science of Fuzzy Logic, Hyperion New York (1993).
   Google Scholar
• R. LANGARI and J. YEN, Fuzzy Logic: Intelligence, Control, and Information, p. 548, 1ª ed., Prince Hall, New Jersey (1999).
   Google Scholar
• R. TABER, “The Fuzzy Systems Handbook: A Practitioner’s Guide to Building, Using, and Maintaining Fuzzy Systems (Earl Cox),” SIAM Rev., 37, 281 (1995); http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1037078.
   Google Scholar
• M. ALAMANIOTIS et al., “A Multisignal Detection of Hazardous Materials for Homeland Security,” Nucl. Technol. Radiat. Prot., 24, 46 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NTRP0901046A.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G. MIE, “Beiträge Zur Optik Trüber Medien, Speziell Kolloidaler Metallösungen,” Ann. Phys., 330, 377 (1908); http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.19083300302.
   Google Scholar
• C. F. BOHREN and D. R. HUFFMAN, Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles, John Wiley & Sons (2008).
   Google Scholar
• H. VAN DE HULST, Light Scattering by Small Particles, John Wiley and Sons (Chapman and Hall) (1957).
   Google Scholar
• T. J. ANTOSIEWICZ, S. P. APELL, and T. SHEGAI, “Plasmon-Exciton Interactions in a Core-Shell Geometry: From Enhanced Absorption to Strong Coupling,” ACS Photonics, 1, 454 (2014); http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ph500032d.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. X. CHEN et al., “Design and Optimization of Ag-Dielectric Core-Shell Nanostructures for Silicon Solar Cells,” AIP Adv., 5, 097129 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4930957.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N. K. GRADY, N. J. HALAS, and P. NORDLANDER, “Influence of Dielectric Function Properties on the Optical Response of Plasmon Resonant Metallic Nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett., 399, 167 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.154.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. XU, “Multilayered Metal Core-Shell Nanostructures for Inducing a Large and Tunable Local Optical Field,” Phys. Rev. B, 72, 073405 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.073405.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. ZHANG et al., “Surface Plasmon Resonance in Bimetallic Core–Shell Nanoparticles,” J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 16836 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b04232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. A. EREMIN, “Scattering|Scattering Theory,” Encyclopedia of Modern Optics, R. D. GUENTHER, Ed., pp. 326–330, Elsevier (2005).
   Google Scholar
• B. D. GUENTHER and D. STEEL, Encyclopedia of Modern Optics, Academic Press (2018).
   Google Scholar
• F. CHEN, N. ALEMU, and R. L. JOHNSTON, “Collective Plasmon Modes in a Compositionally Asymmetric Nanoparticle Dimer,” AIP Adv., 1, 032134 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3628346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. BOHREN and D. HUFFMAN, Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Metal Nanoparticles, Wiley (1988).
   Google Scholar
• G. V. HARTLAND, “Coherent Excitation of Vibrational Modes in Metallic Nanoparticles,” Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 57, 403 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.57.032905.104533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. KERKER, The Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation: Physical Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Academic Press (2013).
   Google Scholar
• U. KREIBIG and M. VOLLMER, “Theoretical Considerations,” in Optical Properties of Metal Clusters, pp. 13–201, Springer (1995).
   Google Scholar
• G. C. PAPAVASSILIOU, “Optical Properties of Small Inorganic and Organic Metal Particles,” Prog. Solid State Chem., 12, 185 (1979).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E. GHARIBSHAHI and M. ALAMANIOTIS, “Simulation and Modeling of Optical Properties of U, Th, Pb, and Co Nanoparticles of Interest to Nuclear Security Using Finite Element Analysis,” Nanomaterials, 12, 1710 (2022); http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12101710.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E. GHARIBSHAHI and M. ALAMANIOTIS, “Modeling and Simulation of Radioactive Nanomaterials of Pb-U, Pb-Th, and Pb-Co in Water-Filled Containers for Nuclear Security Applications,” Nucl. Sci. Eng., 196, 1006 (2022); http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2022.2035182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L. A. ZADEH, “Information and Control,” Fuzzy Sets, 8, 338 (1965).
   Google Scholar
• G. J. KLIR and B. YUAN, “Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications,” Possibility Theory Versus Probability Theory, 32, 207 (1996).
   Google Scholar
• S. ROYCHOWDHURY and W. PEDRYCZ, “A Survey of Defuzzification Strategies,” Int. J. Intell. Syst., 16, 679 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/int.1030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. KOSKO, Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems: A Dynamical Approach to Machine Intelligence, Prentice Hall (1992).
   Google Scholar
• T. J. ROSS, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, John Wiley & Sons (2005).
   Google Scholar