“It’s a Show that Everybody Puts On”: Enacting Femininity in Southern Sorority Rush

References

• Armstrong, Elizabeth A., and Laura T. Hamilton. 2013. Paying for the Party: How College Maintains Inequality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Armstrong, Elizabeth A., Laura Hamilton, and Brian Sweeney. 2006. “Sexual Assault on Campus: A Multilevel, Integrative Approach to Party Rape.” Social Problems 53(4):483–99. doi:10.1525/sp.2006.53.4.483.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berbary, Lisa A. 2014. “‘Even the Good Girls Have Their Moments’: Sorority Women’s Mis-Repeats of Ladylike Discourse.” Qualitative Inquiry 20(8):1–18. doi:10.1177/1077800413513737.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkowitz, Alexandra, and Irene Padavic. 1999. “Getting a Man or Getting Ahead: A Comparison of White and Black Sororities.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 27(4):530–57. doi:10.1177/089124199129023325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2015. “The Structure of Racism in Color-Blind, ‘Post-Racial’ America.” American Behavioral Scientist 59(11):1358–76. doi:10.1177/0002764215586826.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyd, Elizabeth. 1999. “Sister Act: Sorority Rush As Feminine Performance.” Southern Cultures 5(3):54–73. doi:10.1353/scu.1999.0024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CDS (Common Data Set). n.d. “Common Data Set 2021–2022.” https://commondataset.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Connell, R. W. 1987. Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Connell, R. W., and W. Messerschmidt. James. 2005. “Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept.” Gender & Society 19(6):829–59. doi:10.1177/0891243205278639.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crenshaw, Kimberle. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity, and Violence against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43(6):1241–300. doi:10.2307/1229039.
   Google Scholar
• DeSantis, Alan D. 2007. Inside Greek U: Fraternities, Sororities, and the Pursuit of Pleasure, Power, and Prestige. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press.
   Google Scholar
• Deterding, Nicole M., and Mary C. Waters. 2021. “Flexible Coding of In-Depth Interviews: A Twenty-First Century Approach.” Sociological Methods & Research 50(2):708–39. doi:10.1177/0049124118799377.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman, Margaret L. 2020. Women of Discriminating Taste: White Sororities and the Making of American Ladyhood. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton, Laura. 2014. “The Revised MRS: Gender Complementarity at College.” Gender & Society 28(2):236–64. doi:10.1177/0891243213518270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, Laura T., Elizabeth A. Armstrong, J. Lotus Seeley, and Elizabeth M. Armstrong. 2019. “Hegemonic Femininities and Intersectional Domination.” Sociological Theory 37(4):315–41. doi:10.1177/0735275119888248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, Laura T., and Simon Cheng. 2018. “Going Greek: The Organization of Campus Life and Class-Based Graduation Gaps.” Social Forces 96(3):977–1008. doi:10.1093/sf/sox089.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Handler, Lisa. 1995. “In the Fraternal Sisterhood: Sororities As Gender Strategy.” Gender & Society 9(2):236–55. doi:10.1177/089124395009002006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hennick, Monique, and Bonnie N. Kaiser. 2022. “Sample Sizes for Saturation in Qualitative Research: A Systematic Review of Empirical Tests.” Social Science & Medicine 292:114523. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez, Marcia D. 2011. “Challenging Controlling Images: Appearance Enforcement within Black Sororities.” Pp. 212–29 in Black Greek-Letter Organizations 2.0: New Directions in the Study of African American Fraternities and Sororities, edited by M. W. Hughey and G. S. Parks. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi
   Google Scholar
• Hess, Nicole H. 2022. “Friendship, Mating, and Reputation in U.S. College Sororities: Exploring Female Intrasexual Competition and Cooperation.” Archives of Sexual Behavior 51:3267–71. doi:10.1007/s10508-021-02260-w.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill Collins, Patricia. 2000. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hill Collins, Patricia. 2004. Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hughey, Matthew. 2010. “A Paradox of Participation: Nonwhites in White Sororities and Fraternities.” Social Problems 57(4):653–79. doi:10.1525/sp.2010.57.4.653.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ispa-Landa, Simone, and Marianne Oliver. 2020. “Hybrid Femininities: Making Sense of Sorority Rankings and Reputation.” Gender & Society 34(6):893–921. doi:10.1177/0891243220968882.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ispa-Landa, Simone, and Barbara J. Risman. 2021. “The Gender Revolution on Greek Row.” Contexts 20(3):16–21. doi:10.1177/15365042211035329.
   Google Scholar
• Kilanski, Kristine M., and David McLendon. 2017. “Dating Across and Hooking ‘Up’: Status and Relationship Formation at an Elite Liberal Arts University.” Demographic Research 37:1917–32. doi:10.4054/DemRes.2017.37.60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCabe, Janice. 2011. “Doing Multiculturalism: An Interactionist Analysis of the Practices of a Multicultural Sorority.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 40(5):521–49. doi:10.1177/0891241611403588.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellins, Claude A., Kate Walsh, Aaron L. Sarvet, Melanie Wall, Louisa Gilbert, John S. Santelli, Martie Thompson, Patrick A. Wilson, Shamus Khan, Stephanie Benson, et al. 2017. “Sexual Assault Incidents among College Undergraduates: Prevalence and Factors Associated with Risk.” PLoS One 13(1):e0192129. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, Sarah A. 2016. ‘“How You Bully a Girl’: Sexual Drama and the Negotiation of Gendered Sexuality in High School.” Gender & Society 30(5):721–44. doi:10.1177/0891243216664723.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mongell, Susan, and Alvin E. Roth. 1991. “Sorority Rush as a Two-Sided Matching Mechanism.” The American Economic Review 81(3):441–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NPC (National Panhellenic Conference). 2020. “RFM Update 2020.” https://www.npcwomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/2020-RFM-Update.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• NPC (National Panhellenic Conference). 2022. “2021–22 Annual Survey Highlights: Fast Facts.” https://npcwomen.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2021-22-NPC-Fast-Facts.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Pyke, Karen D., and Denise L. Johnson. 2003. “Asian American Women and Racialized Femininities: ‘Doing’ Gender Across Cultural Worlds.” Gender & Society 17(1):33–53. doi:10.1177/0891243202238977.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridgeway, Cecilia L. 2011. Framed by Gender: How Gender Inequality Persists in the Modern World. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Risman, Barbara J. 1982. “College Women and Sororities: The Social Construction and Reaffirmation of Gender Roles.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 11:231–52. doi:10.1177/089124168201100205.
   Google Scholar
• Risman, Barbara J. 2004. “Gender as a Social Structure: Theory Wrestling with Activism.” Gender & Society 18(4):429–50. doi:10.1177/0891243204265349.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risman, Barbara J. 2017. “2016 Southern Sociological Society Presidential Address: Are Millennials Cracking the Gender Structure?” Social Currents 4(3):208–27. doi:10.1177/2329496517697145.
   Google Scholar
• Saldaña, Johnny. 2013. The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. Los Angeles: SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Schippers, Mimi. 2007. “Recovering the Feminine Other: Masculinity, Femininity, and Gender Hegemony.” Theory & Society 36(1):85–102. doi:10.1007/s11186-007-9022-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, Amy L., and Alison Gorga. 2014. “Containing Pariah Femininities: Lesbians in the Sorority Rush Process.” Sexualities 17(3):348–64. doi:10.1177/1363460713516336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuber, Jenny M. 2009. “Class, Culture, and Participation in the Collegiate Extra-Curriculum.” Sociological Forum 24(4):877–900. doi:10.1111/j.1573-7861.2009.01140.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuber, Jenny M., Joshua Klugman, and Caitlin Daniel. 2011. “Gender, Social Class, and Exclusion: Collegiate Peer Cultures and Social Reproduction.” Sociological Perspectives 54(3):431–51. doi:10.1525/sop.2011.54.3.431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan Moore, Abigail. 2012. “Pledge Prep.” New York Times, July 16. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/22/education/edlife/prepping-students-for-sorority-rush.html.
   Google Scholar
• West, Candice, and Don H. Zimmerman. 1987. “Doing Gender.” Gender & Society 1(2):125–51. doi:10.1177/0891243287001002002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar