45
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

A Sign-Based Analysis of Must, May and Could

ORCID Icon

References

  • Bald, Wolf-Dietrich. 1990. “Modal Auxiliaries: Form and Function in Texts.” In Anglistentag, Proceedings, 348–361.
  • Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad, and Edward Finegan. 1999. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Pearson Education.
  • Coates, Jennifer. 1983. The Semantics of the Modal Auxiliaries. London: Croom Helm.
  • Collins, Peter. 2009. Modals and Quasi-Modals in English. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Contini-Morava, Ellen. 1987. “Text Cohesion and the Sign: Connectedness Between Events in Swahili Narative.” In Current Approaches to African Linguistics, edited by David Odden, Vol. 4, 107–122. Dordrecht: Foris.
  • Davies, Mark. 2008. The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/.
  • Diver, William. 1964. “The Modal System of the English Verb.” WORD 20 (3): 322–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1964.11659826
  • Ehrman, Madeline E. 1966. The Meanings of the Modals in Present-day American English. Berlin: Mouton.
  • Gladwell, Malcolm. 2019. Talking to Strangers: What We Should Know About the People We Don’t Know. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
  • Hermerén, Lars. 1978. On Modality in English: A Study of the Semantics of the Modals. Lund: GWK Gleerup.
  • If. 2020. In Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/if?utm_campaign=sd&utm_medium=serp&utm_source=jsonld.
  • Kennedy, Graeme. 2002. “Variation in the Distribution of Modal Verbs in the British National Corpus.” In Using Corpora to Explore Linguistic Variation, edited by Randi Reppen, Susan M. Fitzmaurice, and Douglas Biber, 73–90. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Kennedy, Graeme. 2003. Structure and Meaning in English: A Guide for Teachers. London: Pearson Education.
  • Law. 2020. In Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/law.
  • Leech, Geoffrey. 2004. Meaning and the English Verb. 3rd ed. London: Pearson Longman.
  • Leech, Geoffrey. 2013. “Where Have all the Modals Gone? An Essay on the Declining Frequency of Core Modal Auxiliaries in Recent Standard English.” In English Modality: Core, Periphery and Evidentiality, edited by Juana Marín-Arrese, Marta Carretero, Jorge Arús Hita, and Johan van der Auwera, 95–118. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter.
  • Mindt, Dieter. 1995. An Empirical Grammar of the English Verb: Modal Verbs. Berlin: Cornelsen.
  • Nuyts, Jan and Johan van der Auwera. 2016. The Oxford Handbook of Modality and Mood. 1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Palmer, Frank R. 1990. Modality and the English Modals. London: Routledge.
  • Palmer, Frank R. 2001. Mood and Modality. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Penhalluriack, John. 1981. “A Form-Content Analysis of the Modern English Systems of Time and Occurrence.” Unpublished doctoral diss., Columbia University.
  • Perkins, Michael R. 1983. Modal Expressions in English. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
  • Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. 1985. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. New York: Longman.
  • Reid, Wallis. 1991. Verb and Noun Number in English: A Functional Explanation. New York, NY: Longman.
  • Römer, Ute. 2004. “A Corpus-Driven Approach to Modal Auxiliaries and Their Didactics.” In How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching, edited by J. Sinclair, 185–199. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Sabar, Nadav. 2018. Lexical Meaning as a Testable Hypothesis: The Case of English Look, See, Seem and Appear. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Sabar, Nadav. 2019. “Using Big Data to Support Meaning Hypotheses for Some and Any.” In Columbia School Linguistics in the 21st Century, edited by Nancy Stern, Ricardo Otheguy, Wallis Reid, and Jaseleen Sackler, Vol. 77, 33–72. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Scott, Mike. 2012. WordSmith Tools 6.0 [Lexical Analysis Software].
  • Stern, Nancy. 2006. “Tell Me About Yourself.” In Advances in Functional Linguistics: Columbia School Beyond Its Origins, edited by Joseph Davis, Radmila J. Gorup, and Nancy Stern, 177–194. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Sweetser, Eve. 1990. From Etymology to Pragmatics: Metaphorical and Cultural Aspects of Semantic Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Westney, Paul. 1995. Modals and Periphrastics in English. New York: Max Niemeyer.
  • Whitty, Lauren. 2022. “Repositioning Can: Modifications to the English “Modal” System.” WORD 68 (4): 439–459. https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2022.2084662

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.