Comparative cardiac macroscopic and microscopic study in cats with hyperthyroidism vs. cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

References

• Acierno MJ, Brown S, Coleman AE, Jepson RE, Papich M, Stepien RL, Syme HM. 2018. ACVIM consensus statement: guidelines for the identification, evaluation, and management of systemic hypertension in dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med. 32(6):1803–1822. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bektur Aykanat NE, Şahin E, Kaçar S, Bağcı R, Karakaya Ş, Burukoğlu Dönmez D, Şahintürk V. 2021. Cardiac hypertrophy caused by hyperthyroidism in rats: the role of ATF-6 and TRPC1 channels. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 99(11):1226–1233. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biasato I, Francescone L, La Rosa G, Tursi M. 2015. Anatomopathological staging of feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy through quantitative evaluation based on morphometric and histopathological data. Res Vet Sci. 102:136–141. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.08.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biondi B. 2021. Is there any reason to treat subclinical hypo and hyperthyroidism? Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 82(3–4):161–162. doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2020.03.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biondi B, Kahaly GJ. 2010. Cardiovascular involvement in patients with different causes of hyperthyroidism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 6(8):431–443. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2010.105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biondi B, Palmieri EA, Klain M, Schlumberger M, Filetti S, Lombardi G. 2005. Subclinical hyperthyroidism: clinical features and treatment options. Eur J Endocrinol. 152(1):1–9. doi: 10.1530/eje.1.01809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodlaj G, Pichler R, Brandstätter W, Hatzl-Griesenhofer M, Maschek W, Biesenbach G, Berg J. 2007. Hyperthyroidism affects arterial stiffness, plasma NT-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and subendocardial perfusion in patients with Graves’ disease. Ann Med. 39(8):608–616. doi: 10.1080/07853890701528579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bond BR, Fox PR, Peterson ME, Skavaril RV. 1988. Echocardiographic findings in 103 cats with hyperthyroidism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 192(11):1546–1549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carney HC, Ward CR, Bailey SJ, Bruyette D, Dennis S, Ferguson D, Hinc A, Rucinsky AR. 2016. 2016 AAFP guidelines for the management of feline hyperthyroidism. J Feline Med Surg. 18(5):400–416. doi: 10.1177/1098612X16643252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coelho-Filho OR, Shah RV, Mitchell R, Neilan TG, Moreno H, Jr, Simonson B, Kwong R, Rosenzweig A, Das S, Jerosch-Herold M. 2013. Quantification of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by cardiac magnetic resonance: implications for early cardiac remodeling. Circulation. 128(11):1225–1233. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000438.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fadel BM, Ellahham S, Ringel MD, Lindsay J, Jr, Wartofsky L, Burman KD. 2000. Hyperthyroid heart disease. Clin Cardiol. 23(6):402–408. doi: 10.1002/clc.4960230605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falk T, Jönsson L, Olsen LH, Pedersen HD. 2006. Arteriosclerotic changes in the myocardium, lung, and kidney in dogs with chronic congestive heart failure and myxomatous mitral valve disease. Cardiovasc Pathol. 15(4):185–193. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2006.04.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox PR, Liu SK, Maron BJ. 1995. Echocardiographic assessment of spontaneously occurring feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. An animal model of human disease. Circulation. 92(9):2645–2651. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.92.9.2645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freitas F, Estato V, Carvalho VF, Torres RC, Lessa MA, Tibiriçá E. 2013. Cardiac microvascular rarefaction in hyperthyroidism-induced left ventricle dysfunction. Microcirculation. 20(7):590–598. doi: 10.1111/micc.12057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graves TK. 2011. Hyperthyroidism. In: Tilley LP, Smith Jr FW, editors. Blackwell’s five-minute veterinary consult: canine and feline. 5th ed. Ames (IA): Blackwell Publishing; p. 642–643.
   Google Scholar
• Gunn-Moore D. 2005. Feline endocrinopathies. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 35(1):171–210. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2004.09.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoey A, Page A, Brown L, Atwell RB. 1991. Cardiac changes in experimental hyperthyroidism in dogs. Aust Vet J. 68(11):352–355. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1991.tb00733.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holzworth J, Theran P, Carpenter JL, Harpster NK, Todoroff RJ. 1980. Hyperthyroidism in the cat: ten cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 176(4):345–353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hübner NS, Merkle A, Jung B, von Elverfeldt D, Harsan LA. 2015. Analysis of left ventricular function of the mouse heart during experimentally induced hyperthyroidism and recovery. NMR Biomed. 28(1):116–123. doi: 10.1002/nbm.3233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janus I, Noszczyk-Nowak A, Nowak M, Ciaputa R, Kandefer-Gola M, Pasławska U. 2016. A comparison of the histopathologic pattern of the left atrium in canine dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic mitral valve disease. BMC Vet Res. 12:3. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0626-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kershaw O, Heblinski N, Lotz F, Dirsch O, Gruber AD. 2012. Diagnostic value of morphometry in feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Comp Pathol. 147(1):73–83. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.11.196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kittleson MD, Côté E. 2021. The Feline Cardiomyopathies: 2. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Feline Med Surg. 23(11):1028–1051. doi: 10.1177/1098612X211020162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu SK, Peterson ME, Fox PR. 1984. Hypertropic cardiomyopathy and hyperthyroidism in the cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 185(1):52–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luis Fuentes V, Abbott J, Chetboul V, Côté E, Fox PR, Häggström J, Kittleson MD, Schober K, Stern JA. 2020. ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the classification, diagnosis, and management of cardiomyopathies in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 34(3):1062–1077. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15745.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean JL, Lobetti RG, Mooney CT, Thompson PN, Schoeman JP. 2017. Prevalence of and risk factors for feline hyperthyroidism in South Africa. J Feline Med Surg. 19(10):1103–1109. doi: 10.1177/1098612X16684408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moise NS, Dietze AE, Mezza LE, Strickland D, Erb HN, Edwards NJ. 1986. Echocardiography, electrocardiography, and radiography of cats with dilatation cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and hyperthyroidism. Am J Vet Res. 47(7):1476–1486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mooney CT. 2002. Pathogenesis of feline hyperthyroidism. J Feline Med Surg. 4(3):167–169. doi: 10.1053/jfms.2002.0177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noszczyk-Nowak A. 2007. Electrophysiological study of the heart in swine during experimental hyperthyroxinemia. Med Weter. 63(10):1242–1246.
   Google Scholar
• Noszczyk-Nowak A, Pasławska U, Zyśko D, Gajek J, Nicpoń J, Rabczyński J, Skrzypczak P. 2007. Cardiac hypertrophy induced by administration oral of L-thyroxine in growing pigs. Med Weter. 63(1):113–117.
   Google Scholar
• Osuna PM, Udovcic M, Sharma MD. 2017. Hyperthyroidism and the Heart. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 13(2):60–63. doi: 10.14797/mdcj-13-2-60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Peterson ME. 2014. Animal models of disease: feline hyperthyroidism: an animal model for toxic nodular goiter. J Endocrinol. 223(2):T97–114. doi: 10.1530/JOE-14-0461.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prakash R, Umali SA. 1984. Comparison of echocardiographic and necropsy measurements of left ventricular wall thickness in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 53(6):838–841. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(84)90415-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephens MJ, O’Neill DG, Church DB, McGreevy PD, Thomson PC, Brodbelt DC. 2014. Feline hyperthyroidism reported in primary-care veterinary practices in England: prevalence, associated factors and spatial distribution. Vet Rec. 175(18):458. doi: 10.1136/vr.102431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vargas-Uricoechea H, Sierra-Torres CH. 2014. Thyroid hormones and the heart. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 18(1):15–26. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2013-0059.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Young V, Rao S, Shropshire SB, Marolf AJ. 2022. Association between feline hyperthyroidism and thoracic radiographic evaluation of cardiomegaly and pulmonary hyperinflation. J Feline Med Surg. 24(10):e394–e400. doi: 10.1177/1098612X221118190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar