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Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law Volume 5, 1987 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Petroleum Service Contracts in Argentina, Brazil and Colombia: Issues Arising from their Legal Nature

Tomislavo E. J. P. Dabinovic Attorney at law, Buenos Aires. Former Professor of Political Economy at the University of Buenos Aires (1971-1985). President of the Argentine Association of Energy Law and Mineral Rights.
Pages 15-30 | Published online: 08 Jun 2015

  • “State Entities and Private Oil Companies: the contest for leadership in the development of Latin American Oil and Gas.” International Bar Association, International Energy Law (1984), pp. 79–108.
  • Argentina: Miguel S. Marienhoff, Tratado de Derecho Administrativo (Vol. III), p. 34, Manuel Mar´ia Diez, Tratado de Derecho Administrativo (Vol. II), p. 456, Brazil. Manuel de Oliveira Franco Sobrinho, Contratos Administrativos (1981), pp. 6, 7. Hely Lopez Meirelles, Direito Administrativo Brasileiro (1977), p. 184, Colombia: Jaime Vidal Perdomo, Derecho Administrativo (1980), p. 359, France: A. de Laubadère, Traité des Contrats Administratifs (Paris 1956) Vol. l, p. 19.
  • Pequignot et Homont “Juris Classeur Administratif” Vol. 4 (500), p. 11.
  • Argentina Law 17.319, Brazil “Código de Petróleo” (Decree-Law 3236 of 1941, Law 2004 of 1953).
  • Decree 2310, art. 1.
  • Brazil, see note 4.
  • Argentina: note 4; Colombia: note 5; Brazil: Section 169 of the Constitution.
  • Brazil, see note 4.
  • Argentina, Law 21778, Decree 1443/84.
  • Art. 11 Law 17.319, and Preliminary statements of Decree 1443/85 (“Whereas”).
  • Law 17.319, decree 1443/85.
  • Decree 2310 of 1974.
  • i.e. rights of expropriation in a public transportation concession contract.
  • Argentina: Decree 5340/63, Law 18.875, decree 2930/70, art. 15 decree 1443/85, clause 7.11 of the model contract.
  • Argentina: Preliminary statements decree 1443/85, art. 8 f. Colombia: Decree 2310 of October 28, 1977 art. 1.
  • Brazil: see Joao Santos Coelho Neto “Risk-bearing Service Contracts in Brazil” (1985) 3 J.E.R.L. 119.
  • Art. 4 decree 1443/85.
  • Hely Lopez Meirelles, supra, notes 2, 17 p. 183.
  • Brazil: Federal Constitution of 1967 art. 163 (Amendment 1/69).
  • Hely Lopez Meirelles, supra, at p. 329.
  • Decree-Law 200/67 arts. 125 and 144.
  • RT-570-April 1983, p. 9, Doctrina.
  • Contratos Administrativos (Ed. Saravia 1981), p. 236.
  • Id. pp. 8 and 9; Argentina: Marienhoff, Tratado de Derecho Administrativo (Vol. III, pp. 34, 57). M. M. Diez, Derecho Administrativo (Vol. II p. 453). Colombia: Jaime Vidal Per- domo supra n. 2 p. 358.
  • Jaime Vidal Perdomo supra, n. 17, p. 363 conf. decree 528 op. 1964 (arts. 6 and 30) decree 3130 of 1968 (arts. 32, 34 and 36).
  • National Statute of Contracts decree 150 of 1976.
  • Jaime Vidal Perdomo supra, at p. 275.
  • Derecho Colombiano, September 1968, n. 81, p. 112 (Doctrines of the State Council).
  • “Legislación Económica” April 15, 1982, p. 206.
  • Colombian Petroleum Seminar (Houston May 1, 1986): the Houston Interamerican Chamber of Commerce and the U.S. Department of Commerce.
  • Argentine Supreme Court (S.C. Findings 221–104) M. M. Diez Derecho Administrative Vol. II, p. 453; M. Marienhoff, Tratado de Derecho Administrativo Vol. III, p. 34.
  • See note 1.
  • Federal Constitution of 1967 art. 163 (amendment 1/69 art. 170). Decree Law 200/67 art. 5, II; Decree Law 900/69.
  • Hely Lopez Meirelles, Direito Administrativo Brasileiro, p. 328.
  • H. Mairal, J. A. 1981-A-Sec. Doctrina p. 790; Juan C. Cassagne, El Derecho Vol. 102, p. 233; Dromi, T. 1 p. 321.
  • Argentina: El Derecho 102, p. 234.
  • Argentina: Supreme Court 26/04/1984 (La Ley t. 1984-C-p. 45).
  • Argentina: opinions of the Solicitor General of 24/09/1971; 15/12/1977; 19/09/1974. Opinion of the Office of Government Comptrollers (Síndicos) “Las sociedades del Estado: su régimen jurídico y su grado de autonomía.”
  • See note 3.
  • Argentina: Miguel S. Marienhoff, note 2, supra, pp. 403/410. Art. 18, Law 19.549; Brazil: Hely Lopez Meirelles: note 2, supra, p. 222. Colombia: Jaime Vidal Perdomo: note 2, supra, p. 382.
  • A. de Laubadère, Traité de Droit Administratif (1970) v. 1 p. 301.
  • Eduardo García de Enterría and Tomás Ramón Fernandez (Curso de “Derecho Administrativo” Civitas 1978t. 1).
  • Contratos Administrativos, Asoc. Argentina de Derecho Administrativo 1977.
  • Colombia decree no. 150 of 1976, arts: 49, 51 Argentina: Miguel S. Marienhoff: supra, Vol. II pp. 626–631; art. 18, Law 19.549. Brazil: Hely Lopes Meirelles: supra pp. 223–224.
  • M. Marienhoff, El Derecho, Vol. 114, p. 956.
  • Art. 18 law 19.549, arts. 43, 1112, 1113 Civil Code.
  • Art. 15 Civil Code, art. 107 Constitution of the Republic, STF RDA 20/42 (Supreme Court).
  • Decree Law 528 of 1964 (art. 20), Case law of Consejo de Estado, Lex No. 2 May 1977.
  • Agostinho Alvim “Da inexecuçao das obligaçoes e suas consequencias 3a. Ed. Juridica e Universitaria 1965, p. 1973.
  • Revista Direito Administrativo, jul/set. 1982; 149: 293–330. Contrato Administrativo (Celso A. Bandeira de Mello); Hely Lopez Meirelles, Direito Administrativo Brasileiro, Sao Paulo 1977, p. 141, 218, 520, 610.
  • M. Marienhoff, Tratado de Derecho Administrativo, Buenos Aires 1974, Vol. II-A pp. 587 and 588.
  • J. C. Cassagne, Derecho Administrativo Buenos Aires 1982, Vol. II, pp. 27, 38 M. M. Diez, Derecho Administrativo Vol. II, p. 559.
  • A. de Laubadère: Traité des Contrats Administratifs, Vol. 3, p. 67.
  • Supra, n. 52 at p. 42.
  • Eduardo Sanchez Granel, El Derecho Vol. Ill, p. 550.
  • Presidential decree No. 744 of November 15, 1963.
  • Amoco and Cities Service contracts, which were renegotiated in 1967 and again in 1985. The Amoco contract continues in force until 1993, while Cities Service contract continues until 2005.
  • Clause 20 of the Pan American Oil (Amoco) contract and similar clauses in all other contracts.
  • The old Hydrocarbons Law of 1958 (No. 14.773).
  • Tenneco, Decree 11.353 of 14/12/1965; Union Oil, Decree 9495 of 28/10/1965; Shell, Decree 11.353 of 14/12/1965; Esso Decree 11.354 of 14/12/1985.
  • i.e. Union Oil settlement, clause 4.
  • Dalloz 1916–3–25.
  • Dallos Hebd. 1936 (p. 57) and 1934 (p. 1) respectively.
  • Jean Rivero “Droit Administratif,” Dalloz 1965, p. 111; Marcel Waline “Droit Administratif,” Sirey 1963, p. 618.
  • Law 17.111 amendment of the Argentine Civil Code (1969) article 1198. Application to Administrative Contracts has been consistent case law of the Supreme Court (Findings 190–98 and El Derecho 101–545).
  • Case Law 1—RE 55.425-SC-RTJ-35/597; Contrato. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Aplica-&ccedilao no Direito brasileiro; 2-RE 58.487-PR-RTJ-36/105; Dir.Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Compra e venda; 3-RE 62.480-GB-RTJ 41/725: Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Contrato de construçao. Imprevisibilidade; 4-RE 64.152-GB-RTJ-46/131 Dir. Adm. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Empreitada; 5-RE 62.280-SP-RTJ-55/92; Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Assinatura permanente de jornais. Perdas e danos (dos assinantes); 6-ERE 64.152- GB-RTJ-57/44; Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Empreitada; 7-RE 71.127-GB-RTJ 60/774; Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Empreitada: 8-ERE 65.619-RS-RTJ-61/682: Dir. Comercial. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Sociedade comercial. Liquidaçao; 9-RE 74.530-PR- RTJ-63/551: Dir Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Empreitada; 10-RE 75.511-PR-RTJ-66/ 561: Dir Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Teoria da imprevisáo. Reajustamento do preco. Contrato (duracao). Recebimento antecipado do preco; 12-RE 41.370-SP-RTJ-41/451: Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Alimentos Revisáo; 13-RE 57.832-SP-RTJ-41.709: Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus Empreitada; 14-RE 57.832-SP-RTJ-51/187: Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Empreitada; 15-RE 62.933-SP-RTJ 44/341: Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Recebimento antecipado do capital; jornal; 16-RE 85.714-RJ-RTJ 96/667: Dir. Civ. Cláusula rebus sic stantibus. Empreitada; 17-RHC 59.052-ce-RTJ-100/140: Dir. Penal. Peculato. Desvio em proveito alheio. Empreitada (revisáo). Cláusula rebus sic stantibus (apli- caçao). Fato atipico. Denuncia (inépcia). B Doctrina: I-Arnoldo Medeiros da Fonseca, “Cláusula rebus sic stantibus,” in REDB (Repertorio Enciclopedico do Direito Brasileiro), Editor Borsoi, Rio. págs. 5–40, s/d; vol. IX; 2-Themisticles Brandáo Cavalcanti, Cláusula rebus sic stantibus Dir. Adm.”, in REDB-v/IX/40-46; s/d; Borsoi, s/d; 3-Leopoldo Braga, Cláusula rebus sic stantibus—Dir. Internacional,” in REDB-v-IX/46–55, Borsoi, Rio, s/d; 4- Pontes de Miranda, “Tratado de Dir. Privado,” v-XXV/215-265-3.059 a 3.074, Ed. Borsoi Rio, 1971, 3. aediçáo.
  • See note 64.
  • Caio, “Tacito Evoluçao das Concesoes de Energía Eléctrica do Brasil,” Rev. Direito Administrativo, Rio de Janeiro Jan/mar. 1984–155: 32–45 Antonio Bandeira de Oiello, Rev. Direito Administrativo julio/set. 1982–149: 293–330.
  • Direito Administrativo Brasileiro, Sao Paulo 1977, p. 193.
  • Tomas Muñoz R. v. Emilio y Antonio Hoyos, Gaceta Judicial, Corte Suprema de Justicia, Bogotá, January 1937, No. 1917, Vo. XLIV.
  • Antonio de la Vega Velez, Bases del Derecho de Obligaciones (Temis 1978), p. 205; Arturo Valencia Zea, Derecho Civil (Temis 1974), p. 447; Raimundo Emiliani Raan, Conferencias de Obligaciones (Temis 1980), p. 248.
  • Eustorgio Sarria y Mauricio Sarria Barragan, Derecho Administrativo Colombiano, Colección Pequeño Foro, p. 225; Solon Wilches Martinez, Manual de Derecho Administrativo General (1974), p. 350. Pedro Antonio Lamprea Rodriguez, Contratos Administrativos, Fondo de Cultura Jurídica (1979) p. 71. For more recent case law, see Jairo Lopez Morales, Jurisprudencia Civil 1979, Tomo IV, Lex Ltda. 1980, p. 1898.
  • Argentina: La Ley 1982-C-p. 637, Brazil: Shigera Yamaguchi, “O exame da cláusula rebus sic stantibus,” D.C.I. 1/7/1983 p. 11.
  • June 29, 1982, El Derecho, 101–547. Similar solution has been adopted by Brazilian case law. (Arnoldo Medeiros de Fonseca Repertorio Enciclopédicio de Diretto Brasileiro IX/34 Edit. Borsoi, Rio de Janeiro).
  • Amoco and Cities Service (now Oxy) contracts, entered into in 1958. Amoco continues in force until 1993, Cities Service until 2005.

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