Interventions to support the mental health and wellbeing of engineering students: a scoping review

References

• ABET. 2022. “Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs, 2021–2022.” ABET.
   Google Scholar
• Abiade, J., and J. Moliski. 2020. “Work-in Progress: Identity and Transitions Laboratory: Utilizing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Framework to Support Engineering Student Success.” 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference. https://peer.asee.org/work-in-progress-identity-and-transitions-laboratory-utilizing-acceptance-and-commitment-therapy-framework-to-support-engineering-student-success.
   Google Scholar
• Altun, I. 2008. “Effect of a Health Promotion Course on Health Promoting Behaviors of University Students. Turkey.” Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 14 (4): 880–887. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19166171/.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andrews, J., and R. Clark. 2017. Trailing or Failing? A Hidden Mental Health Issue: The Changing Futures Project. American Society for Engineering Education. https://research.aston.ac.uk/portal/en/researchoutput/trailing-or-failing-a-hidden-mental-health-issue-the-changing-futures-project(4fb93385-dfc5-457c-bab1-49f7b3d9fecc).html.
   Google Scholar
• Aree, P., C. Surawattanaboon, P. Kaewprapha, and K. Silawarawet. 2020. “An Approach for Mental Preparation for First-Year College Students: A Case Study of Engineering Students.” 2020 5th International STEM Education Conference (iSTEM-Ed), 161–164. doi:10.1109/iSTEM-Ed50324.2020.9332797.
   Google Scholar
• Arksey, H., and L. O'Malley. 2005. “Scoping Studies: Towards a Methodological Framework.” International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8 (1): 19–32. doi:10.1080/1364557032000119616.
   Google Scholar
• Atwell, C. 2022. “Electronics and Electrical Engineering Jobs on the Decline—Can They be Saved?” Electronic Design.
   Google Scholar
• Baik, C., W. Larcombe, A. Brooker, J. Wyn, L. Allen, M. Brett, R. Field, and R. James. 2016. “A Framework for Promoting Student Mental Wellbeing in Universities.” https://melbourne-cshe.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/2302603/MCSHE-Student-Wellbeing-Framework_FINAL.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Balaji, N. K., P. S. Murthy, D. N. Kumar, and S. Chaudhury. 2019. “Perceived Stress, Anxiety, and Coping States in Medical and Engineering Students During Examinations.” Industrial Psychiatry Journal 28 (1): 86–97. doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_70_18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berger, E. J., L. Lampe and, J. I. Caruccio. 2015. “Just-in-Time Support: An Evidence-based Academic-Student Affairs Partnership to Enable Engineering Student Success.” 122nd ASEE PEER, American Journal of Engineering Education (AJEE).
   Google Scholar
• Bergman, A., and N. Ogunshakin. 2022. “Shortage of Engineers is Threatening Climate Action.” Euractiv. EURACTIV.com.
   Google Scholar
• Bonsaksen, T., V. Chiu, J. Leung, M. Schoultz, H. Thygesen, D. Price, M. Roffolo, and A. O. Geirdal. 2022. “Students’ Mental Health, Well-Being, and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-National Study.” Healthcare (Basel) 10 (6): 996. doi:10.3390/healthcare10060996.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bork, S. J., and J.-L. Mondisa. 2022. “Engineering Graduate Students’ Mental Health: A Scoping Literature Review.” Journal of Engineering Education 111 (3): 665–702. doi:10.1002/jee.20465.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosworth, K. 2022. “More Women in Engineering Now Than Ever Before.” MDPI Blog.
   Google Scholar
• Browning, M. H. E. M., L. Larson, I. Sharaievska, A. Rigolon, O. McAnirlin, L. Mullenbach, S. Cloutier. 2021. “Psychological Impacts from COVID-19 among University Students: Risk Factors Across Seven States in the United States.” PLoS ONE 16 (1): e0245327. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, F., L. Blank, A. Cantrell, S. Baxter, C. Blackmore, J. Dixon, E. Goyder, et al. 2022. “Factors That Influence Mental Health of University and College Students in the UK: A Systematic Review.” BMC Public Health 22: 1778. doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13943-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catalyst. 2022. “Quick Take: Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).” https://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/women-science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem.
   Google Scholar
• Chidera, U. 2022. “Top 10 Hardest Undergraduate Degrees to Study in the World.” afterschoolafrica.com.
   Google Scholar
• Cho, H., S. Ryu, J. Noh, and J. Lee. 2016. “The Effectiveness of Daily Mindful Breathing Practices on Test Anxiety of Students.” PLoS ONE 11 (10): e0164822. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chron. 2021. “What Maths Do You Need to be an Engineer?” chron.com.
   Google Scholar
• Danowitz, A., and K. Beddoes. 2018. “Characterizing Mental Health and Wellness in Students Across Engineering Disciplines.” The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity Conference. ASEE.
   Google Scholar
• Das, S., D. Kleinke, and D. Pistrui. 2020. “Reimagining Engineering Education: Does Industry 4.0 Need Education 4.0?” ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Proceedings. doi:10.18260/1-2-35136.
   Google Scholar
• Deasy, C., B. Coughlan, J. Pironom, D. Jourdan, and P. M. Macnamara. 2015. “Psychological Distress and Lifestyle of Students: Implications for Health Promotion.” Health Promotion International 30 (1): 77–87. doi:10.1093/heapro/dau086.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• d’Entremont, A., J. Micallef, G. Smith, A. Abelló, and D. Jung. 2019. “Student Mental Wellbeing Interventions with a Second-Year Engineering Cohort.” 2019 Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA-ACEG) Conference, June 8–12, Ottawa Ontario. doi:10.24908/pceea.vi0.13686.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health. 2010. “Confident Communities, Brighter Futures: A Framework for Developing Well-Being.” HM Government, UK. https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130123201555/http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_114774.
   Google Scholar
• De Pury, J., and A. Dicks. 2020. “Step Change: Mentally Healthy Universities.” Universities UK. https://www.universitiesuk.ac.uk/policy-and-analysis/Pages/Student-and-staff-health-and-wellbeing.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Deziel, M., D. Olawo, L. Truchon, and L. Golab. 2013. “Analyzing the Mental Health of Engineering Students Using Classification and Regression.” The International Education Data Mining Society, 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, TN, USA, 228–231. Mental Health. educationaldatamining.org.
   Google Scholar
• Donelly, M. 2018. “Shortage of Engineers Could Restrict Global Growth.” https://www.themanufacturer.com/articles/shortage-of-engineers-could-curb-global-economic-growth/.
   Google Scholar
• Education Policy Institute. 2018. “Prevalence of Mental Health Issues within the Student-Aged Population.” Education Policy Institute. epi.org.uk.
   Google Scholar
• Engineering UK. 2020. “Educational Pathways into Engineering.” engineering-uk-report-2020.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Engineering X. 2020. “Global Engineering Capability Review.” On Behalf of the Royal Academy of Engineering and Lloyds Register. https://www.raeng.org.uk/publications/reports/global-engineering-capability-review.
   Google Scholar
• Equator. 2022. “What is a Reporting Guideline?” https://www.equator-network.org/about-us/what-is-a-reporting-guideline/.
   Google Scholar
• Eren-Sisman, E., C. Cigdemoglu, and Ö Geban. 2018. “The Effect of Peer-Led Team Learning on Undergraduate Engineering Students’ Conceptual Understanding, State Anxiety, and Social Anxiety.” Chemistry Education Research and Practice 19: 694–710. doi:10.1039/C7RP00201G.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estrada, T., and E. Dalton. 2019. Impact of Student Mindfulness Facets on Engineering Education Outcomes: An Initial Exploration. doi:10.18260/1-2–32934.
   Google Scholar
• Felman, A. 2020. “What is Mental Health? Mental Health: Definition, Common Disorders, Early Signs, and More.” Medical News Today. medicalnewstoday.com.
   Google Scholar
• Flaig, J. 2022. “Pandemic Pushes Already Stressed Engineers to Breaking Point.” Professional Engineering Magazine, Issues 6.
   Google Scholar
• Fleming, L., K. Engerman, and D. Williams. 2006. “Why Students Leave Engineering: The Unexpected Bond.” ASEE (American Society for Engineering Education Conference. doi:10.18260/1-2-375.
   Google Scholar
• Galdas, P., F. Cheater, and P. Marshall. 2005. “Men and Help-Seeking Behaviour: Literature Review.” Journal of Advance Nursing 49 (6): 616–623. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03331.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grasty, K., S. Sakri, A. C. Arnold, J. M. Bekki, K. G. Wilkins-Yel, M. Natarajan, B. L. Bernstein, and A. K. Randall. 2021. “Benefits of Utilizing Counseling Services Among Doctoral Women of Color in STEM.” 2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference, ASEE, July 26–29.
   Google Scholar
• Hassed, C., S. De Lisle, G. Sullivan, and C. Pier. 2009. “Enhancing the Health of Medical Students: Outcomes of an Integrated Mindfulness and Lifestyle Program.” Advances in Health Sciences Education: Theory and Practice 14 (3): 387–398. doi:10.1007/s10459-008-9125-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Healthy Minds Network. 2021. “Healthy Minds National Data Report.” Winter Spring Data Report. https://healthymindsnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/HMS_nationalwinter2021_-update1.5.21.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Healthy Minds Network. 2022. “Healthy Minds National Data Report.” AY 2021-2022. https://healthymindsnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/HMS_national_print-6-1.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• HESA (Higher Education Statistics Agency). 2013. “JACS Codes.” https://www.hesa.ac.uk/support/documentation/jacs/jacs3-principal.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann, T. C., P. P. Glasziou, I. Boutron, R. Milne, R. Perera, and D. Moher. 2014. “Better Reporting of Interventions: Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) Checklist and Guide.” BMJ 7 (348): 1687. doi:10.1136/bmj.g1687.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt, M., and S. Powell. 2017. “Healthy Universities: A Guiding Framework for Universities to Examine the Distinctive Health Needs of its own Student Population.” Perspectives in Public Health 137 (1): 53–58. doi: 10.1177/1757913916659095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huerta, M. 2021. “Inner Engineering: Evaluating the Utility of Mindfulness Training to Cultivate Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Competencies among First-Year Engineering Students.” Journal of Engineering Education 110. doi:10.1002/jee.20407.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imasogie, B. A., G. M. Oyatogun, and K. A. Taiwo. 2018. “Enhancing Gender Balance in Engineering Education and Practice.” 2018 World Engineering Education Forum - Global Engineering Deans Council (WEEF-GEDC), Albuquerque, NM, USA, 1–8. doi:10.1109/WEEF-GEDC.2018.8629657.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, K. J., and K. J. Cross. 2021. “Engineering Stress Culture: Relationships among Mental Health, Engineering Identity, and Sense of Inclusion.” Journal of Engineering Education 110: 371–392. doi:10.1002/jee.20391.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson-Glauch, N., L. A. Cooper, and T. S. Harding. 2020. “Goal-Setting as a Means of Improved Mental Health Outcomes for Materials and Mechanical Engineering Students.” 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference. doi:10.18260/1-2-34710.
   Google Scholar
• Joshi, A., and R. Kiran. 2020. “Gauging the Effectiveness of Music and Yoga for Reducing Stress among Engineering Students: An Investigation Based on Galvanic Skin Response.” Work (Reading, Mass.) 65 (3): 671–678. doi:10.3233/WOR-203121.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joshi, A., R. Kiran, and A. N. Sah. 2017a. “Stress Monitoring Through non-Invasive Instrumental Analysis of Skin Conductivity.” Work 57 (2): 233–243. doi:10.3233/WOR-172553
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joshi, A., R. Kiran, and A. N. Sah. 2017b. “An Experimental Analysis to Monitor and Manage Stress among Engineering Students Using Galvanic Skin Response Meter.” Work 56: 409–420. doi:10.3233/WOR-172507
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joshi, A., R. Kiran, H. K. Singla, and A. N. Sah. 2016. “Stress Management Through Regulation of Blood Pressure among College Students.” Work 54 (3): 745–752. doi:10.3233/WOR-162308.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khan, A., H. Poole, and E. Beaton. 2018. “Measuring the Impact of a Weeklong Fall Break on Stress Physiology in First Year Engineering Students.” Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning 9: 1–8. doi:10.5206/cjsotl-rcacea.2018.2.9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lal, R., P. Pathak, K. R. Chaturvedi, and P. Talukdar. 2019. “Effect of Dispositional Mindfulness on Perceived Stress Scores of Engineering Students: An Empirical Study.” Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10: 63. doi:10.5958/0976-5506.2019.00014.7.
   Google Scholar
• Larcus, J., T. Gibbs, and T. Hackman. 2016. “Building Capacities for Change: Wellness Coaching as a Positive Approach to Student Development.” Philosophy of Coaching: International Journal 1 (1): 43–62. doi:10.22316/poc/01.1.05.
   Google Scholar
• Levac, D., H. Colquhoun, and K. K. O'Brien. 2010. “Scoping Studies: Advancing the Methodology.” Implementation Science 5: 69. doi:10.1186/1748-5908-5-69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Limone, P., and G. A. Toto. 2022. “Factors That Predispose Undergraduates to Mental Issues: A Cumulative Literature Review for Future Research Perspectives.” Frontiers in Public Health 10: 831349. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.831349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipson, S. K., S. Zhou, S. Abelson, J. Heinze, M. Jirsa, J. Morigney, A. Patterson, M. Singh, and D. Eisenberg. 2022. “Trends in College Student Mental Health and Help-Seeking by Race/Ethnicity: Findings from the National Healthy Minds Study, 2013–2021.” Journal of Affective Disorders 306: 138–147. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.038.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipson, S. K., S. Zhou, B. Wagner III, K. Beck, and D. Eisenberg. 2016. “Major Differences: Variations in Undergraduate and Graduate Student Mental Health and Treatment Utilization Across Academic Disciplines.” Journal of College Student Psychotherapy 30 (1): 23–41. doi:10.1080/87568225.2016.1105657.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maples, B. 2021. “What is It Like to Study Engineering at University? Study Engineering at University - What You Need To Know.” Uni Compare. universitycompare.com.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, M. 2021. “19 Ground-Breaking Women in Engineering Statistics.” thecircularboard.com.
   Google Scholar
• Maxson, A., and D. L. Tomasko. 2020. “Supporting the Mental Health and Wellness of Chemical Engineering Students at the Department and College Levels.” ASEE Virtual Annual Conference 2020, ASEE PEER.
   Google Scholar
• Mazumder, Q. 2012. “Improvement of Confidence And Motivation Using Online Metacognition Tool.” American Journal of Engineering Education (AJEE 3: 53–66. doi:10.19030/ajee.v3i1.6889.
   Google Scholar
• McGowan, V. C., and P. Bell. 2020. “Engineering Education as the Development of Critical Sociotechnical Literacy.” Science Education 29 (4): 981–1005. doi:10.1007/s11191-020-00151-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGrath, J. 2006. “Variations in the Incidence of Schizophrenia: Data Versus Dogma.” Schizophrenia Bulletin 32 (1): 195–197. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi052.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mental Health. 2020. “What is Mental Health?” UK. https://www.mentalhealth.gov/basics/what-is-mental-health.
   Google Scholar
• Metje, N., H. L. Frank, and P. L. Croft. 2007. “Can't do Maths—Understanding Students’ Maths Anxiety.” Teaching Mathematics and its Applications: An International Journal of the IMA 26 (2): 79–88. doi:10.1093/teamat/hrl023.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, I., and K. Jensen. 2020. “Introduction of Mindfulness in an Online Engineering Core Course During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Advances in Engineering Education 8: 4.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, I., S. X. Lamer, A. Brougham-Cook, K. J. Jensen, and H. M. Golecki. 2022. “Development and Implementation of a Biometrics Device Design Project in an Introductory BME Course to Support Student Wellness.” Biomedical Engineering Education 2 (1): 75–82. doi:10.1007/s43683-021-00060-1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miller, I., S. X. Lamer, K. Jensen, and H. Golecki. 2021. “WIP: Supporting Student Mental Health: Understanding the Use of Biometrics Analysis in an Engineering Design Project to Promote Wellness.” ASEE Virtual Annual Conference 2021, ASEE PEER.
   Google Scholar
• Mills, J., and D. Treagust. 2003. “Engineering Education, is Problem-Based or Project-Based Learning the Answer.” Australasian Journal of Engineering Education 3 (9): 2.
   Google Scholar
• MIND. 2017. “What are Mental Health Problems?” UK. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/mental-health-problems-introduction/#.XKIJQvZFyUk.
   Google Scholar
• Moher, D., A. Liberati, J. Tetzlaff, and D. G. Altman. 2009. “PRISMA Group. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement.” PLoS Medicine 6 (7): e1000097. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19621072/. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller-Leimkuhler, A. M. 2002. “Barriers to Help-Seeking by Men: A Review of Sociocultural and Clinical Literature with Particular Reference to Depression.” Journal of Affective Disorders 71. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00379-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moran, G., and L. Benson. 2016. “Effects of an Intensive Mathematics Course on Freshmen Engineering Students’ Mathematics Anxiety Perceptions.” ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, American Society for Engineering Education.
   Google Scholar
• MRC. 2008. “Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions.” Medical Research Council. https://mrc.ukri.org/documents/pdf/complex-interventions-guidance/.
   Google Scholar
• Negi, A. S., A. Khanna, and R. Aggarwal. 2019. “Psychological Health, Stressors and Coping Mechanism of Engineering Students.” International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 1–10. doi:10.1080/02673843.2019.1570856.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolte, H., J. Huff, and C. McComb. 2022. “No Time for That? An Investigation of Mindfulness and Stress in First-Year Engineering Design.” Design Science 8: E9. doi:10.1017/dsj.2022.5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyamapfene, A. 2019. “Engineering Education: Now is the Time to Change.” Engineering Learning & Teaching.
   Google Scholar
• Office for National Statistics. 2016. “Suicides in the UK- Office for National Statistics - 2015 Registrations.” https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/suicidesintheunitedkingdom/2015registrations.
   Google Scholar
• Office for Students. 2019. “Access and Participation Data Analysis: Students with Reported Mental Health Conditions.” www.officeforstudents.org.uk/publications/mentalhealth-are-all-students-being-properly-supported.
   Google Scholar
• Orygen. 2017. “Under the Radar: The Mental Health of Australian University Students.” https://www.orygen.org.au/Policy/Policy-Reports/Under-the-radar/Orygen-Under_the_radar_report?ext=.
   Google Scholar
• Paniagua, S., R. Martínez, A. García, and C. Prieto. 2019. “Study of Binqui. An Application for Smartphones Based on the Problems With-Out Data Methodology to Reduce Stress Levels and Improve Academic Performance of Chemical Engineering Students.” Education for Chemical Engineers 27: 61–70. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1749772818301155. doi:10.1016/j.ece.2019.03.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul, R., O. Adeyinka, M. Boyce, G. Eldib, K. Gaulin, K. Johnston, L. Kelba, B. Lindsay, and R. Tormon. 2021. “Impact of Integrating Mental Wellness and Personal Learning Reflections into First-Year Undergraduate Engineering Courses.” Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA-ACEG) Conference June 20–23. doi:10.24908/pceea.vi0.14973.
   Google Scholar
• Paul, R., D. Dedema, M. Boyce, and K. Johnston. 2020. “The “Engineers have feelings” Project: Integrating Mental Wellness and Lifelong Learning Skills in First-Year Undergraduate Engineering Courses 2020.” Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA) Conference. doi:10.24908/pceea.vi0.14154.
   Google Scholar
• Pereira, S., K. Reay, J. Bottell, L. Walker, and C. Dzikiti. 2018. “University Student Mental Health Survey 2018.” The Insight Network. https://www.theinsightnetwork.co.uk/uncategorized/university-student-mental-health-survey-2018/.
   Google Scholar
• Peters, M. D. J., C. Godfrey, P. McInerney, Z. Munn, A. C. Tricco, and H. Khalil. 2020. “Chapter 11: Scoping Reviews (2020 Version).” In Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual, edited by E. Aromataris, and Z. Munn, 406–451. Adelaide: JBI. https://reviewersmanual.joannabriggs.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Phillips, T. 2022. “Is There a Shortage of Developers?” CodeSubmit. https://codesubmit.io/blog/shortage-of-developers/.
   Google Scholar
• Physiopedia. 2021. “Grades and Levels of Evidence.” Physiopedia. physio-pedia.com.
   Google Scholar
• Poole, D. 2022. “Engineering Schools are Riddled with Issues – Reinvention is Required.” Engineering Schools Need to Reinvent Themselves.” THE Campus Learn, Share, Connect. timeshighereducation.com.
   Google Scholar
• Poole, H., A. Khan, and M. Agnew. 2017. “One Week, Many Ripples: Measuring the Impacts of the Fall Reading Week on Student Stress.” Collected Essays on Learning and Teaching 10: 164–172. doi:10.22329/celt.v10i0.4757.
   Google Scholar
• Pozniak, H. 2017. “The Great UK Engineering Shortage.” The Telegraph. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/stem-awards/energy/the-great-uk-engineering-shortage/.
   Google Scholar
• Quantum Marketing. 2022. “The UK’s Engineer Shortage - What You Need to Know.” quantumsas.com.
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Jiménez, R. M., M. Carmona, S. Garcīa-Merino, G. Dĭaz-Ureňa, and P. J. Lara Bercial. 2022. “Embodied Learning for Well-Being, Self-Awareness, and Stress Regulation: A Randomized Trial with Engineering Students Using a Mixed-Method Approach.” Education Sciences 2 (2): 111. doi:10.3390/educsci12020111.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Royal Academy of Engineering & Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 2012. “Achieving Excellence in Engineering Education: The Ingredients of Successful Change.” http://www.rhgraham.org/resources/Educational-change-summary-report.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Royal College of Psychiatrists. 2011. “Mental Health of Students in Higher Education.” College Report CR166 The Mental Health of Students in Higher Education. Royal College of Psychiatrists. https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/publications/collegereports/cr/cr166.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Scotpho Public Health Observatory. 2017. “Suicide Summary.” https://www.isdscotland.org/Health-Topics/Public-Health/Publications/2017-08-02/2017-08-02-Suicide-Summary.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Seymour, E., and N. M. Hewitt. 1997. Talking About Leaving: Why Undergraduates Leave the Sciences. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
   Google Scholar
• Seymour, E., and A. B. Hunter. 2019. Talking About Leaving Revisited. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25304-2.
   Google Scholar
• Shackle, S. 2019. “The Way Universities are Run is Making Us Ill: Inside the Student Mental Health Crisis.” Mental Health, The Guardian.
   Google Scholar
• Skromanis, S., N. Cooling, B. Rodgers, T. Purton, F. Fan, H. Bridgman, K. Harris, J. Presser, and J. Mond. 2018. “Health and Well-Being of International University Students, and Comparison with Domestic Students, in Tasmania, Australia.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15: 1147. doi:10.3390/ijerph15061147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storrie, K., K. Ahern, and A. Tuckett. 2010. “A Systematic Review: Students with Mental Health Problems—A Growing Problem.” International Journal of Nursing Practice 16: 1–6. doi:10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01813.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, C. 2016. “The Effects of Students’ Motivation, Cognitive Load and Learning Anxiety in Gamification Software Engineering Education: A Structural Equation Modeling Study.” Multimedia Tools and Applications 75: 10013–10036. doi:10.1007/s11042-015-2799-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swannell, C. 2016. “Network Committed to Healthy Unis.” Medical Journal of Australia 204 (7): C1. https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2016/204/7/network-committed-healthy-unis. doi:10.5694/mja16.n0118.
   Google Scholar
• Tait, J. E., L. Alexander, J. Bisset, and E. Hancock. 2020. “The Mental Wellbeing of Engineering Students.” Open Science Framework. https://osf.io/z3jxr/?view_only = 9284abb885b94ef59e3a5d8d07565b45.
   Google Scholar
• Think Student. 2020. “The 10 Hardest University Degrees in the UK – Ranked for 2023.” thinkstudent.co.uk.
   Google Scholar
• Tragodara, K. S. C. 2021. “Virtual Tutoring from the Comprehensive Training Model to Engineering Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” 2021 IEEE World Conference on Engineering Education (EDUNINE), 1–6. doi: 10.1109/EDUNINE51952.2021.9429115.
   Google Scholar
• Tricco, A. C., E. Lillie, W. Zarin, K. K. O'Brien, H. Colquhoun, and D. Levac. 2018. “PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation.” Annals of Internal Medicine 69 (7): 467–473. doi:10.7326/M18-0850.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Universities UK. 2015. “Student Mental Wellbeing in Higher Education: Good Practice Guide.” https://www.universitiesuk.ac.uk/policy-and-analysis/reports/Documents/2015/student-mental-wellbeing-in-he.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• University College London (UCL). 2020. “Health and Wellbeing Strategy 2019-2021.” https://www.ucl.ac.uk/students/sites/students/files/ucl_student_health_and_wellbeing_strategy_2019-2021_final.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Vats, N., and A. Sharma. 2017. “Engineering Students Suffer from the Top Mental Health Problems & Challenges.” Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 14 (1): 7–14.
   Google Scholar
• Vitasari, P., M. N. A. Wahab, T. Herawan, A. Othman, and S. K. Sinnadurai. 2010. “The Relationship Between Study Anxiety and Academic Performance among Engineering Students.” Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 8: 490–497. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.067.
   Google Scholar
• Vitasari, P., M. N. A. Wahab, A. Othman, T. Herawan, and S. K. Sinnadurai. 2011. “A Pilot Study of pre- Post Anxiety Treatment to Improve Academic Performance for Engineering Students.” Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 15: 3826–3830. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.380.
   Google Scholar
• Walton, G. M., C. Logel, J. M. Peach, S. J. Spencer, and M. P. Zanna. 2015. “Two Brief Interventions to Mitigate a “Chilly Climate” Transform Women’s Experience, Relationships, and Achievement in Engineering.” Journal of Educational Psychology 107 (2): 468–485. doi:10.1037/a0037461.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whatnall, M. C., A. J. Patterson, S. Brookman, P. Convery, C. Swan, and S. Pease. 2019. “Lifestyle Behaviors and Related Health Risk Factors in a Sample of Australian University Students.” Journal of American College Health 68: 734–741. doi:10.1080/07448481.2019.1611580. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31140957/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO (World Health Organization). 2004. “Promoting Mental Health.” untitled (who.int).
   Google Scholar
• WHO (World Health Organization). 2022. “Mental Health.” Mental Health (who.int).
   Google Scholar
• World Economic Forum. 2022. “How Universities Can Support Student Mental Health and Wellbeing.” World Economic Forum. weforum.org.
   Google Scholar
• World Scholars Hub. 2022. “Top 10 Hardest Engineering Courses in the World.” worldscholarshub.com.
   Google Scholar
• Worsley, J., A. Pennington, and R. Corcoran. 2020. “What Interventions Improve College and University Students’ Mental Health and Wellbeing? A Review of Review-Level Evidence.” What Works Wellbeing. https://whatworkswellbeing.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Student-mental-health-full-review.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Yanik, P. M., Y. Yan, S. Kaul, and C. W. Ferguson. 2016. “Sources of Anxiety among Engineering Students: Assessment and Mitigation.” ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, American Society for Engineering Education, LA, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Yousef, O., E. Grunfeld, and M. Hunter. 2015. “A Systematic Review of the Factors Associated with Delays in Medical and Psychological Help-Seeking Among Men.” Health Psychology Review 9: 264–276. https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/a-systematic-review-of-the-factors-associated-with-delays-in-medi.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar