Shitposting as public pedagogy

References

• Adam. (2021). Why do they call it oven? Know Your Meme. https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/why-do-they-call-it-oven
   Google Scholar
• Ali, K. (2021). Zoom-ing in on white supremacy: Zoom-bombing anti-racism efforts. M/C Journal, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.5204/mcj.2786
   Google Scholar
• Aspray, B. (2019). On trolling as comedic method. JCMS: Journal of Cinema and Media Studies, 58(3), 154–160. https://doi.org/10.1353/cj.2019.0030
   Google Scholar
• Baker-Bell, A., Stanbrough, R. J., & Everett, S. (2017). The stories they tell: Mainstream media, pedagogies of healing, and critical media literacy. English Education, 49(2), 130–152.
   Google Scholar
• Balani, S., & De Choudhury, M. (2015). Detecting and characterizing mental health related self-disclosure in social media. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1373–1378. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702613.2732733
   Google Scholar
• Berryman, C., Ferguson, C. J., & Negy, C. (2018). Social media use and mental health among young adults. The Psychiatric Quarterly, 89(2), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9535-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggs, J. (2016, September 23). Papa, what’s a shitpost? TechCrunch. https://social.techcrunch.com/2016/09/23/papa-whats-a-shitpost/
   Google Scholar
• Blanco, S. A. U. (2021). Shitposting and memeculture: An aesthetic politics of techno-coloniality? (SSRN Scholarly Paper 3839267). Bolivarian University of Venezuela. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3839267
   Google Scholar
• Brandon. (2022). My brother in Christ. Know Your Meme. https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/my-brother-in-christ
   Google Scholar
• Burdick, J., & Sandlin, J. A. (2021). Into the UpsideDown: Conspiracy pedagogies, critique, and the apocalypse of exposure. Journal of Public Pedagogies, 6, 9–23. https://doi.org/10.15209/jpp.1243
   Google Scholar
• Burnett, C., & Merchant, G. (2011). Is there a space for critical literacy in the context of social media? English Teaching: Practice and Critique, 10(1), 41–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, A. T. (2019). Educating media literacy. Brill Sense.
   Google Scholar
• Cavanaugh, D. A. (2021). “User not found”: Shitposting and the labour of visibility on Instagram. The iJournal: Student Journal of the Faculty of Information, 7(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.33137/ijournal.v7i1.37895
   Google Scholar
• Clark, M. D. (2020). Remaking the #syllabus: Crowdsourcing resistance praxis as critical public pedagogy. Communication, Culture and Critique, 13(2), 222–241. https://doi.org/10.1093/ccc/tcaa017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covucci, D. (2021, May 20). Mitch McConnell uses a classic dril meme to attack Ocasio-Cortez. The Daily Dot. https://www.dailydot.com/layer8/mitch-mcconnell-dril-ocasio-cortez-meme/
   Google Scholar
• da share z0ne [@dasharez0ne]. (2023, July 9). DAMB - DASHARE.ZONE ADMIN [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/dasharez0ne/status/1678067654265847809
   Google Scholar
• Davies, L. (2014). Interrupting extremism by creating educative turbulence. Curriculum Inquiry, 44(4), 450–468. https://doi.org/10.1111/curi.12061
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dignam, P. A., & Rohlinger, D. A. (2019). Misogynistic men online: How the red pill helped elect Trump. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 44(3), 589–612. https://doi.org/10.1086/701155
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dongqiang, X., De Serio, L., Malakhov, A., & Matys, O. (2020). Memes and education: Opportunities, approaches and perspectives. Geopolitical, Social Security and Freedom Journal, 3(2), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.2478/gssfj-2020-0009
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, N. (2014). It’s supposed to look like shit: The internet ugly aesthetic. Journal of Visual Culture, 13(3), 314–339. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470412914544516
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• dril [@dril]. (2011, November 10). "im not owned! im not owned!!", i continue to insist as i slowly shrink and transform into a corn cob [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/dril/status/134787490526658561
   Google Scholar
• Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Herder and Herder.
   Google Scholar
• Freire, P. (1973). Education for critical consciousness. Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Gammon, M. A., & White, J. (2011). (Social) media literacy: Challenges and opportunities for higher education. In C. Wankel (Ed.), Educating educators with social media (Vol. 1, pp. 329–345). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2044-9968(2011)0000001019
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, A., Seglem, R., & Share, J. (2013). Transforming teaching and learning through critical media literacy pedagogy. LEARNing Landscapes, 6(2), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v6i2.608
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, A., Mirra, N., Morrell, E., Martinez, A., & Scorza, D. (2015). The Council of Youth Research: Critical literacy and civic agency in the digital age. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 31(2), 151–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/10573569.2014.962203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giroux, H. A. (2000). Public pedagogy as cultural politics: Stuart Hall and the crisis of culture. Cultural Studies, 14(2), 341–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/095023800334913
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giroux, H. A. (2003). Public pedagogy and the politics of resistance: Notes on a critical theory of educational struggle. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 35(1), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-5812.00002
   Google Scholar
• Giroux, H. A. (2004). Cultural studies, public pedagogy, and the responsibility of intellectuals. Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 1(1), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/1479142042000180926
   Google Scholar
• Grant, J. (2021). Liberating curriculum: A pedagogy of publicness that counters dominant culture. Journal of Public Pedagogies, 6, 123–136. https://doi.org/10.15209/jpp.1251
   Google Scholar
• Greenham, D. (2018). Close reading: The basics. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203709979
   Google Scholar
• Griffin, A. (2016, September 23). The bizarre online behaviour that could win Donald Trump the election. The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/tech/what-is-shitposting-donald-trump-us-election-2016-palmer-luckey-a7326111.html
   Google Scholar
• de Guarnieri, J. M. (2017, September 24). Shitposting: An analysis of its practices and meanings. Masters of Media. http://mastersofmedia.hum.uva.nl/blog/2017/09/24/shitposting-an-analysis-of-its-practices-and-meanings/
   Google Scholar
• Herrman, J., & Notopoulos, K. (2013, April 5). Weird Twitter: The oral history. BuzzFeed News. https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/jwherrman/weird-twitter-the-oral-history
   Google Scholar
• Hill, M. L. (2018). “Thank you, Black Twitter”: State violence, digital counterpublics, and pedagogies of resistance. Urban Education, 53(2), 286–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085917747124
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodge, E., & Hallgrimsdottir, H. (2020). Networks of hate: The alt-right, “troll culture,” and the cultural geography of social movement spaces online. Journal of Borderlands Studies, 35(4), 563–580. https://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2019.1571935
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hower, K. (2018). The construction of authenticity in corporate social media. Language@Internet, 15(3). https://www.languageatinternet.org/articles/2018/hower
   Google Scholar
• Hugar, J. (2017, March 31). How “Simpsons shitposting” brilliantly recontextualizes the show’s best jokes. Vulture. https://www.vulture.com/2017/03/how-simpsons-shitposting-brilliantly-recontextualizes-the-shows-best-jokes.html
   Google Scholar
• Ingerick, P. A. (2020). Adult learning and reflecting on political news: An examination of the public pedagogy of social media. [Doctoral dissertation, Pennsylvania State University]. Electronic Theses and Dissertations for Graduate School. https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17613pqi5010
   Google Scholar
• Junaid, M., & Kanjwal, H. (2022). Contesting settler colonial logics in Kashmir as pedagogical praxis. Curriculum Inquiry, 52(3), 373–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/03626784.2022.2072666
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karaduman, S. (2015). The role of critical media literacy in further development of consciousness of citizenship. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 3039–3043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1095
   Google Scholar
• Karsgaard, C. (2023). Instagram as public pedagogy: Online activism and the Trans Mountain Pipeline. Springer Nature.
   Google Scholar
• Kellner, D., & Share, J. (2005). Toward critical media literacy: Core concepts, debates, organizations, and policy. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 26(3), 369–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596300500200169
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, T. (2021, May 22). Kamala Harris meme spurs Twitter fight. The Daily Dot. https://www.dailydot.com/unclick/kamala-harris-corncob-meme/
   Google Scholar
• Knobel, M. (2006). Memes and affinity spaces: Some implications for policy and digital divides in education. E-Learning and Digital Media, 3(3), 411–427. https://doi.org/10.2304/elea.2006.3.3.411
   Google Scholar
• Livingstone, S. (2004). Media literacy and the challenge of new information and communication technologies. The Communication Review, 7(1), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714420490280152
   Google Scholar
• Lokke, G. (2020). Speak-trash: Irony for exterminators. PAJ: A Journal of Performance and Art, 42(3), 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1162/pajj_r_00536
   Google Scholar
• Makita, M., Mas-Bleda, A., Morris, S., & Thelwall, M. (2021). Mental health discourses on Twitter during mental health awareness week. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 42(5), 437–450. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2020.1814914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mallos, M. (2020). Exploring the identities of Greek migrant young adults through their new media use: Combining public pedagogy, participatory narrative inquiry, a/r/tography and heteroglossia. Journal of Public Pedagogies, 5(5), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.15209/jpp.1211
   Google Scholar
• Manavis, S. (2019, November 8). What is shitposting? And why does it matter that the BBC got it wrong? New Statesman. https://www.newstatesman.com/science-tech/2019/11/what-is-shitposting-bbc-laura-kuenssberg-wrong
   Google Scholar
• Marshall, C. (2022, June 17). The cracked wisdom of dril. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/rabbit-holes/the-cracked-wisdom-of-dril
   Google Scholar
• Mason, L. (2016). McLuhan’s challenge to critical media literacy: The city as classroom textbook. Curriculum Inquiry, 46(1), 79–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/03626784.2015.1113511
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McArthur, S. A. (2016). Black girls and critical media literacy for social activism. English Education, 48(4), 362–379.
   Google Scholar
• McEwan, S. (2017). Nation of shitposters: Ironic engagement with the Facebook posts of Shannon Noll as reconfiguration of an Australian national identity. PLATFORM: Journal of Media & Communication, 8(2), 19–39.
   Google Scholar
• McDonough, A. (2017, May 11). @dril: Weird Twitter’s enigmatic icon. Medium. https://medium.com/@amcdonough_43502/dril-weird-twitters-enigmatic-icon-85da8aff502
   Google Scholar
• McKelvey, F., DeJong, S., & Frenzel, J. (2023). Memes, scenes and #ELXN2019s: How partisans make memes during elections. New Media & Society, 25(7), 1626–1647. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211020690
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercer, A. (2014). Shitposting. Know Your Memes. https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/shitposting
   Google Scholar
• Monaghan, L. F., Rich, E., & Bombak, A. E. (2019). Media, “fat panic” and public pedagogy: Mapping contested terrain. Sociology Compass, 13(1), e12651. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12651
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munn, L. (2019). Alt-right pipeline: Individual journeys to extremism online. First Monday, 24(6). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v24i6.10108
   Google Scholar
• Nagle, J. (2018). Twitter, cyber-violence, and the need for a critical social media literacy in teacher education: A review of the literature. Teaching and Teacher Education, 76, 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2018.08.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordstrom, G. S. (2022). Shitposts as a neo-Dadaist movement. Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review, 7(1), 7–12.
   Google Scholar
• Pavlova, A., & Berkers, P. (2020). Mental health discourse and social media: Which mechanisms of cultural power drive discourse on Twitter. Social Science & Medicine, 263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perano, U. (2022, July 6). Could John Fetterman shitpost his way to the Senate? The Daily Beast. https://www.thedailybeast.com/could-john-fetterman-shitpost-his-way-to-the-senate
   Google Scholar
• Rancière, J. (2010). On ignorant schoolmasters. In C. Bingham & G. Biesta, Jacques Rancière: Education, truth, emancipation (pp. 1–24). Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/wisc/detail.action?docID=742303
   Google Scholar
• Rauf, A. A. (2021). New moralities for new media? Assessing the role of social media in acts of terror and providing points of deliberation for business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 170(2), 229–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04635-w
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, R., Singh, R., Kapoor, V., & Churi, P. P. (2020). Joy of learning through internet memes. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy, 10(5), 116–133. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v10i5.15211
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Hoyos, C., Fernández-Diaz, E., Salmón, I. H., & Salvador, A. C. (2020). Buying into participatory culture?: Critical media literacy and social media. In Education for Democracy 2.0. (pp. 138–157). Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004448490_009
   Google Scholar
• Russo, R., & Blikstein, P. (2023). Just asking questions: Can a far-right president turn agentic knowledge construction into political manipulation? Information and Learning Sciences, 124(7/8), 197–220. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-10-2022-0118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandlin, J. A., & Milam, J. L. (2008). “Mixing pop (culture) and politics”: Cultural resistance, culture jamming, and anti-consumption activism as critical public pedagogy. Curriculum Inquiry, 38(3), 323–350. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-873X.2008.00411.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharbaugh, P. E., & Nguyen, D. (2014). Make lulz, not war: How online remix and meme culture are empowering civic engagement in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Asiascape: Digital Asia, 1(3), 133–168. https://doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340010
   Google Scholar
• Silverman, J. (2015). Terms of service: Social media and the price of constant connection. Harper.
   Google Scholar
• Snaza, N. (2019). Curriculum against the state: Sylvia Wynter, the human, and futures of curriculum studies. Curriculum Inquiry, 49(1), 129–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/03626784.2018.1546540
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorto, G. (2019, February 7). Why are brands like Sunny D commodifying depression? Daily Dot. https://www.dailydot.com/unclick/sunny-d-depression-tweet/
   Google Scholar
• Southern, R. (2022). Memes; a new emerging logic: Evidence from the 2019 British general election. In D. Taras & R. Davis (Eds.), Electoral campaigns, media, and the new world of digital politics (pp. 200–220). University of Michigan Press.
   Google Scholar
• Steere-Williams, J., Barr, J., Clark, C. D., & López, R. N. (2023). Remaking the #syllabus: Crowdsourcing resistance praxis as critical public pedagogy. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 78(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ccc/tcaa017
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• The Sunny Delight Corporation [@sunnydelight]. (2019, February 3). I can’t do this anymore [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/sunnydelight/status/1092247574336163840
   Google Scholar
• Tait, A. (2017, September 4). The internet dictionary: What does it mean to be corncobbed? The New Statesman. https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/observations/2017/09/internet-dictionary-what-does-it-mean-be-corncobbed
   Google Scholar
• Tanksley, T. (2022). Race, education and #BlackLivesMatter: How online transformational resistance shapes the offline experiences of Black college-age women. Urban Education. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420859221092970
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tashpulatova, M., Khalikova, L., Rakhmanova, Y., & Ataeva, G. (2022). Analysis of students’ memes: An integrative review of the role of cultural, semiotic and community memory paratexts in multimodal education. Multidisciplinary International Journal of Research Lines and Projects, 13, 27–34.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, C. (2019, March 27). McConnell just tried to dunk on Ocasio-Cortez over his Green New Deal vote and it failed in humiliating fashion. Washington Press. https://washingtonpress.com/2019/03/26/mcconnell-just-tried-to-dunk-on-ocasio-cortez-over-his-green-new-deal-vote-and-it-failed-in-humiliating-fashion/
   Google Scholar
• Tebaldi, C. (2021). Speaking post-truth to power. Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 43(3), 205–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714413.2020.1729679
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vacca, R., DesPortes, K., Tes, M., Silander, M., Amato, A., Matuk, C., & Woods, P. J. (2022). What do you meme? Students communicating their experiences, intuitions, and biases surrounding data through memes. Proceedings of the 21st Annual ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference, 212–224. https://doi.org/10.1145/3501712.3529739
   Google Scholar
• Willmore, J., & Hocking, D. (2017). Internet meme creativity as everyday conversation. Journal of Asia-Pacific Pop Culture, 2(2), 140–166. https://doi.org/10.5325/jasiapacipopcult.2.2.0140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winkie, L. (2020, November 11). Meet the professional memers. Vox. https://www.vox.com/the-goods/21559364/meme-professional-brands-dunkin-bud-light-pluckers-fuckjerry-grapejuiceboys-social-media
   Google Scholar
• Woods, P. J. (2021). The aesthetic pedagogies of DIY music. Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 43(4), 338–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714413.2020.1830663
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woods, P. J. (2022). The collaborative pedagogies of solo improvisation: Learning through performance in noise music. critical Studies in improvisation / Études critiques en improvisation, 15(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21083/csieci.v15i1.6151
   Google Scholar
• Zappavigna, M. (2012). Discourse of Twitter and social media: How we use language to create affiliation on the web. Continuum.
   Google Scholar