Advanced search
Publication Cover
Journal of American College Health Volume 72, 2024 - Issue 3
Submit an article Journal homepage
244
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reports

Increased belongingness among college students during COVID-19: a potential cohort effect?

Allyson S. GrafDepartment of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, USACorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-830XView further author information
, PhDORCID Icon &
Callie N. BollingDepartment of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, USAView further author information
, BS
Pages 665-670 | Received 20 Jul 2021, Accepted 20 Mar 2022, Published online: 05 Apr 2022

References

  • Rubin D. Social distancing, population density, temperature, and the reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(7):e2016099. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2768570.
  • Nitschke JP, Forbes PA, Ali N, et al. Resilience during uncertainty? Greater social connectedness during COVID-19 lockdown is associated with reduced distress and fatigue. Br J Health Psychol. 2021;26(2):553–569. doi:10.1111/bjhp.12485.
  • Pancani L, Marinucci M, Aureli N, Riva P. Forced social isolation and mental health: A study on 1006 Italians under COVID-19 lockdown. Front Psychol. 2021;12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.663799.
  • Zhang X, Wang Y, Lyu H, et al. The influence of COVID-19 on well-being. Front Psychol. 2021;12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.681091.
  • Graf AS. How the pandemic affects everyone across the lifespan. In: Ferrante J, Caldeira C, eds. How to Respond in a Pandemic: 25 Ideas from 25 Disciplines. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2020.
  • Lee RM, Robbins SB. Measuring belongingness: The Social Connectedness and the Social Assurance scales. J Couns Psychol. 1995;42(2):232–241. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.42.2.232.
  • Lederer AM, Hoban MT, Lipson SK, et al. More than inconvenienced: The unique needs of U.S. college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Educ Behav. 2021;48(1):14–19. doi:10.1177/1090198120969372.
  • Lee RM, Dean BL, Jung K-R. Social connectedness, extraversion, and subjective well-being: Testing a mediation model. Pers Individ Dif. 2008;45(5):414–419. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.05.017.
  • Beam CR, Kim AJ. Psychological sequelae of social isolation and loneliness might be a larger problem in young adults than older adults. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12(S1):S58–S60. doi:10.1037/tra0000774.
  • Loades ME, Chatburn E, Higson-Sweeney N, et al. Rapid systematic review: The impact of social isolation and loneliness on the mental health of children and adolescents in the context of COVID-19. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;59(11):1218–1239. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.009.
  • Bu F, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Who is lonely in lockdown? Cross-cohort analyses of predictors of loneliness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health. 2020;186:31–34. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.036.
  • Luchetti M, Lee JH, Aschwanden D, et al. The trajectory of loneliness in response to COVID-19. Am Psychol. 2020;75(7):897–908. doi:10.1037/amp0000690.
  • Sibley CG, Greaves LM, Satherley N, et al. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and nationwide lockdown on trust, attitudes toward government, and well-being. Am Psychol. 2020;75(5):618–630. doi:10.1037/amp0000662.
  • Gratz KL, Tull MT, Richmond JR, et al. Thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness explain the associations of COVID-19 social and economic consequences to suicide risk. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2020;50(6):1140–1148. doi:10.1111/sltb.12654.
  • Arslan G. Loneliness, college belongingness, subjective vitality, and psychological adjustment during coronavirus pandemic: Development of the College Belongingness Questionnaire. 2717-7564. 2021;5(1):17–31. doi:10.47602/jpsp.v5i1.240.
  • Russell D, Peplau LA, Cutrona CE. The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1980;39(3):472–480. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.472.
  • Russell D. UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. J Pers Assess. 1996;66(1):20–40. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2.
  • Lee RM, Robbins SB. The relationship between social connectedness and anxiety, self-esteem, and social identity. J Couns Psychol. 1998;45(3):338–345. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.45.3.338.
  • Hayes AF. PROCESS: A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation, moderation, and conditional process modeling [White paper]. 2012. http://www.afhayes.com/public/process2012.pdf
  • Sacco DF, Ismail MM. Social belongingness satisfaction as a function of interaction medium: Face-to-face interactions facilitate greater social belonging and interaction enjoyment compared to instant messaging. Comput Human Behav. 2014;36:359–364. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.004.
  • Sun R, Rieble C, Liu Y, Sauter D. Connected despite lockdown: The role of social interactions and social media use in wellbeing. PsyArXiv 2020. doi:10.31234/osf.io/x5k8u.
  • U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Table 9: Time spent in leisure and sports activities by selected characteristics, averages for May to December, 2019 and 2020. American Time Use Survey; 2021. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/atus.t09.htm
  • Marani M, Katul GG, Pan WK, Parolari AJ. Intensity and frequency of extreme novel epidemics. PNAS 2021;118:e2105482118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2105482118.
  • A pandemic era. Lancet Planet Health. 2021;5:e1. https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lanplh/PIIS2542-5196(20)30305-3.pdf

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.