References
- Abdullah, Z. A. (2022, February 17). Food waste left outside rubbish bins attracting wild boars to Bukit Panjang, says animal group. ChannelNewsAsia. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/food-waste-outside-rubbish-bins-attracting-wild-boars-bukit-panjang-acres-2504366
- Adams, L. W. (2005). Urban wildlife ecology and conservation: A brief history of the discipline. Urban Ecosystems, 8(2), 139–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-005-4377-7
- Agamben, G. (2005). State of exception. University of Chicago Press.
- Amin, A., & Thrift, N. (2017). Seeing like a city. Polity Press.
- Barua, M. (2021). Infrastructure and non-human life: A wider ontology. Progress in Human Geography, 45(6), 1467–1489. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132521991220
- Barua, M., & Sinha, A. (2023). Cultivated, feral, wild: The urban as an ecological formation. Urban Geography, 44(10), 2206–2227. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2022.2055924
- Beatley, T. (2009). Biophilic urbanism: Inviting nature back to our communities and into our lives. William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review, 34(1), 209–238.
- Beatley, T. (2011). Biophilic cities: Integrating nature into urban design and planning. Island Press.
- Beatley, T. (2016). Singapore city, Singapore: City in a garden. In T. Beatley (Ed.), Handbook of biophilic city planning and design (pp. 51–66). Island Press.
- Beatley, T., & Newman, P. (2013). Biophilic cities are sustainable, resilient cities. Sustainability, 5(8), 3328–3345. https://doi.org/10.3390/su5083328
- Benton, T. (1993). Natural relations: Ecology, animal rights, and social justice. Verso.
- Biehler, D. D. (2013). Pest in the city: Flies, bedbugs, cockroaches, and rats. University of Washington Press.
- Briffett, C., Kong, L., Yuen, B., & Sodhi, N. (1999). Nature in urban areas: The planning and ecology of green corridor systems in Singapore. National University of Singapore Press.
- Castillo-Contreras, R., Carvalho, J., Serrano, E., Mentaberre, G., Fernández-Aguilar, X., Colom, A., Gonzalez-Crespo, C., Lavin, S., & López-Olvera, J. R. (2018). Urban wild boars prefer fragmented areas with food resources near natural corridors. Science of the Total Environment, 615, 282–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.277
- Catriona, M., & Stoljar, N. (Eds.) (2000). Relational autonomy: Feminist perspectives on autonomy, agency, and the social self. Oxford University Press.
- Clark, B. (2003). Ebenezer Howard and the marriage of town and country: An introduction to Howard’s garden cities of tomorrow (Selections). Organization & Environment, 16(1), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026602250258
- Co, C. (2020, April 18). Need to understand motivations to counter persistent pigeon feeders: NParks. ChannelNewsAsia. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/need-understand-motivations-counter-persistent-pigeon-feeders-nparks-763141
- Collins, M. K., Magle, S. B., & Gallo, T. (2021). Global trends in urban wildlife ecology and conservation. Biological Conservation, 261, 109236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109236
- Concepción, E. D., Moretti, M., Altermatt, F., Nobis, M. P., & Obrist, M. K. (2015). Impacts of urbanization on biodiversity: The role of species mobility, degree of specialization and spatial scale. Oikos, 124(12), 1571–1582. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.02166
- Coppock, C. (1879). Distribution of the black rat. Nature, 20(507), 266. https://doi.org/10.1038/020266e0
- Davies, R. G., Webber, L. M., & Barnes, G. S. (2004). Urban wildlife management – It’s as much about people. In D. Lunny, & S. Burgin (Eds.), Urban wildlife: More than meets the eye (pp. 38–43). Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales.
- Donaldson, S., & Kymlicka, W. (2011). Zoopolis: A political theory of animal rights. Oxford University Press.
- Duplaix, N., & Savage, M. (2018). The global otter conservation strategy. IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/IUCN-Otter-Report-DEC%2012%20final_small.pdf
- Edmundson, W. (2015). Do animals need rights? The Journal of Political Philosophy, 23(3), 345–360. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopp.12042
- Elden, S. (2021). Terrain, politics, history. Dialogues in Human Geography, 11(2), 170–189. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043820620951353
- Eldridge, S. (1900). Japan: Plague in Japan from July 1 to September 15, 1900. Public Health Reports (1896–1970), 15(44), 2717–2719.
- Eliaeson, S. (2000). Max Weber’s methodology: An ideal-type. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 36(3), 241–263. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6696(200022)36:3<241::AID-JHBS3>3.0.CO;2-C
- Evans, R. E. J. (2003). Garden cities revisited: Sustainable design. Past, present, future [Doctoral dissertation]. Illinois Institute of Technology. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 3117121.
- Feng, A. Y., & Himsworth, C. G. (2014). The secret life of the city rat: A review of the ecology of urban Norway and black rats (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus). Urban Ecosystems, 17(1), 149–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-013-0305-4
- Feng, Z. (2014, July 29). About 80 wild boars in Lower Peirce are culled. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/environment/about-80-wild-boars-in-lower-peirce-area-culled
- Gandy, M. (2016). Unintentional landscapes. Landscape Research, 41(4), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2016.1156069
- Hosaka, T., Sugimoto, K., & Numata, S. (2017). Effects of childhood experience with nature on tolerance of urban residents toward hornets and wild boars in Japan. PLoS ONE, 12(4), e0175243. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175243
- Hovorka, A. (2008). Transspecies urban theory: Chickens in an African city. Cultural Geographies, 15(1), 95–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474474007085784
- Hubbard, P., & Brooks, A. (2021). Animals and urban gentrification: Displacement and injustice in the trans-species city. Progress in Human Geography, 45(6), 1490–1511. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132520986221
- Iau, J., & Sundar, D. (2021, February 23). Punggol residents shocked after 2 wild boar attacks in a night. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/environment/two-wild-boar-attacks-in-a-night-shock-punggol-residents
- Jansen, A., Luge, E., Guerra, B., Wittschen, P., Gruber, A. D., Loddenkemper, C., & Nöckler, K. (2007). Leptospirosis in urban wild boars, Berlin, Germany. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13(5), 739–742. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1305.061302
- Jerolmack, C. (2008). How pigeons became rats: The cultural-spatial logic of problem animals. Social Problems, 55(1), 72–94. https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2008.55.1.72
- Kellert, S. R., Heerwagen, J., & Mador, M. (2011). Biophilic design: The theory, science, and practice of bringing buildings to life. John Wiley & Sons.
- Khoo, M. D. Y., & Lee, B. H. (2020). The urban smooth-coated otters Lutrogale perspicillata of Singapore: A review of the reasons for success. International Zoo Yearbook, 54(1), 60–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/izy.12262
- Kim, H. M. (2020). Loveable lutrines: Curated nature and environmental migrants in the Ottercity. In M. Schneider-Mayerson (Ed.), Eating chili crab in the Anthropocene: Environmental perspectives on life in Singapore (pp. 241–268). Ethos Book.
- König, H. J., Kiffner, C., Kramer-Schadt, S., Fürst, C., Keuling, O., & Ford, A. T. (2020). Human–wildlife coexistence in a changing world. Conservation Biology, 34(4), 786–794. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13513
- Kymlicka, W., & Donaldson, S. (2014). Animal rights, multiculturalism, and the left. Journal of Social Philosophy, 45(1), 116–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/josp.12047
- Larkin, B. (2013). The politics and poetics of infrastructure. Annual Review of Anthropology, 42(1), 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155522
- Lee, L. (2022, March 10). Wild boar injures woman near Yishun housing block. Today. https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/wild-boar-injures-woman-near-yishun-housing-block-1842841
- Lee, M. K. (2016, August 7). ST readers choose Bishan otters to represent Singapore in her 51st year. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/st-readers-choose-bishan-otters-to-represent-singapore-in-her-51st-year
- Leedy, D. L., & Adams, L. W. (1984). A guide to urban wildlife management. National Institute for Urban Wildlife.
- Lefebvre, H. (1996). The right to the city. In E. Kofman & E. Lebas (Eds.), Writings on cities (pp. 147–159). Wiley-Blackwell.
- Lim, K. (2022, March 26). Wild boar in Yishun incident euthanized as “last resort”, NParks says. Today. https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/wild-boar-yishun-incident-euthanised-last-resort-nparks-says-1855426
- Loo, A. (2022, April 8). Forum: NParks takes a science-based approach to managing invasive species, pigeon feeding. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/forum/forum-nparks-takes-science-based-approach-to-managing-invasive-species-pigeon-feeding
- Lopes, M. (2021, October 22). Otters are taking over Singapore. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/singapore-otters-wildlife/2021/10/22/9e85c3ac-2afd-11ec-b17d-985c186de338_story.html
- Low, Y. (2021, December 9). Otter population up sharply but still manageable, say experts who urge public to learn to co-exist with them. Today Online. https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/otter-population-sharply-still-manageable-say-experts-who-urge-public-learn-co-exist-them-1767076
- Lye, L. H. (2021). Environmental law in Singapore (2nd ed.). Kluwer Law International B.V.
- Magle, S. B., Hunt, V. M., Vernon, M., & Crooks, K. R. (2012). Urban wildlife research: Past, present, and future. Biological Conservation, 155, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.06.018
- Massey, D. (2014). Taking on the world. Geography (Sheffield, England), 99(1), 36–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/00167487.2014.12094389
- Mbembe, A. (2006). Necropolitics. Raisons Politiques, 21(1), 29–60. https://doi.org/10.3917/rai.021.0029
- McFarlane, C., & Silver, J. (2017). Navigating the city: Dialectics of everyday urbanism. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 42(3), 458–471. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12175
- McPhearson, T., Pickett, S. T. A., Grimm, N. B., Niemelä, J., Alberti, M., Elmqvist, T., Weber, C., Haase, D., Breuste, J., & Qureshi, S. (2016). Advancing urban ecology toward a science of cities. BioScience, 66(3), 198–212. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw002
- Mossberger, K., & Stoker, G. (2001). The evolution of urban regime theory: The challenge of conceptualization. Urban Affairs Review, 36(6), 810–835. https://doi.org/10.1177/10780870122185109
- Narayanan, Y. (2017). Street dogs at the intersection of colonialism and informality: “Subaltern animism” as a posthuman critique of Indian cities. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 35(3), 475–494. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263775816672860
- Narayanan, Y. (2021). Animating caste: Visceral geographies of pigs, caste and violent nationalisms in Chennai city. Urban Geography, 44(10), 2185–2205. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2021.1890954
- Narayanan, Y., & Sumanth, B. (2019). “Posthuman cosmopolitanism” for the Anthropocene in India: Urbanism and human–snake relations in the Kali Yuga. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences, 106, 402–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.04.020
- National Parks Board (NParks). (2022). Singapore, a city in nature: Singapore greening journey. https://www.nparks.gov.sg/about-us/city-in-nature
- Nature Society (Singapore) (NSS). (2012). Nature Society (Singapore)’s position paper on wild pigs in Singapore. https://www.nss.org.sg/report/92a2f783-aWild%20Pigs%20in%20Singapore%20211012.pdf
- Neogy, S. (2021). Wild boars wreak havoc in Singapore: Why you must educate your kids about it. TheAsianParent. https://sg.theasianparent.com/wild-boar-attack-singapore-on-the-rise-heres-why-you-need-to-educate-your-kids-about-it
- Newman, P. (2010). Green urbanism and its application to Singapore. Environment and Urbanization Asia, 1(2), 149–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/097542531000100204
- Newman, P. (2014). Biophilic urbanism: A case study on Singapore. Australian Planner, 51(1), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2013.790832
- NParks. (2022). Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park. https://www.nparks.gov.sg/gardens-parks-and-nature/parks-and-nature-reserves/bishan—ang-mo-kio-park
- Perry, G., Boal, C., Verble, R., & Wallace, M. (2020). Good” and “bad” urban wildlife. In F. M. Angelici & L. Rossi (Eds.), Problematic wildlife II: New conservation and management challenges in the human–wildlife interactions (pp. 141–170). Springer Nature.
- Regan, T. (2004). The case for animal rights. University of California Press.
- Rei, K. (2021, November 30). NParks working with town councils to stop use of poison in wildlife control measures. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/politics/nparks-working-with-town-councils-to-stop-use-of-poison-in-wildlife-control
- Roberts, D. C. (1994). The design of an urban open-space network for the city of Durban (South Africa). Environmental Conservation, 21(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892900024024
- Ruff, A. R. (1987). Holland and the ecological landscapes 1973–1987. Delft University Press.
- Seah, S. (2019, April 10). Video of pigeon culling in Hougang “an outright case of cruelty”: Acres. Today. https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/video-pigeon-culling-hougang-outright-case-cruelty-acres
- Shingne, M. C. (2020). The more-than-human right to the city: A multispecies re-evaluation. Journal of Urban Affairs, 44(2), 1–19.
- Soh, G. (2022a, March 21). Wild boar that injured woman in Yishun caught, “euthanized humanely”. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/environment/yishun-park-reopened-to-public-after-wild-boar-is-caught
- Soh, G. (2022b, March 28). Euthanization of Yishun Park wild boar based on science: NParks. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/environment/euthanisation-of-yishun-park-wild-boar-based-on-science-nparks
- Srinivasan, K. (2015). The welfare episteme: Street dog biopolitics in the Anthropocene. In The Human Animal Research Network Editorial Collective (Ed.), Animals in the Anthropocene: Critical perspectives on nonhuman futures (pp. 201–221). Sydney University Press.
- Srinivasan, K. (2019). Remaking more-than-human society: Thought experiments on street dogs as “nature”. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 44(2), 376–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12291
- Sun, D. (2022, March 15). Wild boars in Zhenghua estate raise safety concerns for children and elderly. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/wild-boars-in-zhenghua-estate-raises-safety-concerns-for-children-and-elderly
- Tabb, P. J. (2021). Biophilic urbanism: Designing resilient communities for the future. Routledge.
- Tan, A. (2019, April 10). Video of Hougang pigeon culling shows dying poisoned pigeons stuffed alive into trash bags. Mothership. https://mothership.sg/2019/04/pigeon-culling-poisoned-trash-bags-hougang/
- Tan, A. (2020, March 25). Parliament: More protection for native wildlife, harsher penalties for offenders under amended law. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/politics/parliament-more-protection-for-native-wildlife-harsher-penalties-for-offenders-under
- Tan, E. (2021). Wildlife tourism in urban destinations: Singapore’s urban otters and “biodivercity” story. In J. Zhao, L. Ren, & X. Li (Eds.), The hospitality and tourism industry in ASEAN and east Asian destinations (pp. 209–228). Apple Academic Press.
- Theng, M., & Sivasothi, N. (2016). The smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata (Mammalia Mustelidae) in Singapore: Establishment and expansion in natural and semi-urban environments. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(1), 37–49.
- Theng, M., Sivasothi, N., & Tan, H. H. (2016). Diet of the smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata (Geoffroy, 1826) at natural and modified sites in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 64, 290–301.
- Tortajada, C., & Joshi, Y. K. (2014). Water quality management in Singapore: The role of institutions, laws and regulations. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 59(9), 1763–1774. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2014.942664
- Trinczek, R. (2009). How to interview managers? Methodical and methodological aspects of expert interviews as a qualitative method in empirical social research. In A. Bogner, B. Littig, & W. Menz (Eds.), Interviewing experts. Research methods series (pp. 203–216). Palgrave Macmillan.
- von Essen, E., & Redmalm, D. (2023). License to cull: A research agenda for investigating the necropolitics of countryside culling and urban pest control. Society & Animals. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10129
- Weber, M. (1949). The methodology of the social sciences. Free Press.
- Wilson, E. O. (1984). Biophilia. Harvard University Press.
- Wittmann, K., Vaske, J. J., Manfredo, M. J., & Zinn, H. C. (1998). Standards for lethal response to problem urban wildlife. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 3(4), 29–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209809359137
- Wolch, J. (2017, November 16). Zoöpolis. Verso. https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/3487-zoopolis
- Wolch, J., & Emel, J. (1998). Animal geographies: Place, politics and identity in the nature–culture borderlands. Verso Press.
- Xue, F., Gou, Z., Lau, S. S. Y., Lau, S. K., Chung, K. H., & Zhang, J. (2019). From biophilic design to biophilic urbanism: Stakeholders’ perspectives. Journal of Cleaner Production, 211, 1444–1452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.277
- Yeo, J., & Neo, H. (2010). Monkey business: Human–animal conflicts in urban Singapore. Social and Cultural Geography, 11(7), 681–699. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2010.508565