The role of small, locally-owned businesses in advancing community health and health equity: a qualitative exploration in a historically Black neighborhood in the USA

References

• Aveling, E.-L., & Jovchelovitch, S. (2014). Partnerships as knowledge encounters: A psychosocial theory of partnerships for health and community development. Journal of Health Psychology, 19(1), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313509733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aveling, E.-L., Roberts, J., Taylor, L. A., Edmondson, A. C., & Singer, S. J. (2020, December 21). A ‘whole company’ approach for justice and equity. MIT Sloan Blogs. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. https://www.proquest.com/docview/2471544994/citation/93959F8AA73B46EAPQ/1
   Google Scholar
• Bailey, Z. D., Krieger, N., Agénor, M., Graves, J., Linos, N., & Bassett, M. T. (2017). Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: Evidence and interventions. The Lancet, 389(10077), 1453–1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30569-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bassett, M. T., & Galea, S. (2020). Reparations as a public health priority—A strategy for ending Black–White health disparities. New England Journal of Medicine, 383(22), 2101–2103. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2026170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bleich, S. N., Herring, B. J., Flagg, D. D., & Gary-Webb, T. L. (2012). Reduction in purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages among low-income Black adolescents after exposure to caloric information. American Journal of Public Health, 102(2), 329–335. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boston Planning and Development Agency. (2022). Roxbury—At a glance. http://www.bostonplans.org/neighborhoods/roxbury/at-a-glance
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise & Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Business Roundtable. (2019). Updated statement on the purpose of a corporation. https://www.businessroundtable.org/business-roundtable-redefines-the-purpose-of-a-corporation-to-promote-an-economy-that-serves-all-americans
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, C., & Cornish, F. (2021). Public health activism in changing times: Re-locating collective agency. Critical Public Health, 31(2), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2021.1878110
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, C., & Murray, M. (2004). Community health psychology: Promoting analysis and action for social change. Journal of Health Psychology, 9(2), 187–195. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105304040886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornish, F. (2021). ‘Grenfell changes everything?’Activism beyond hope and despair. Critical Public Health, 31(3), 293–305. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2020.1869184
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, S. (2017, August25). Roxbury [Digital project]. Global Boston. https://globalboston.bc.edu/index.php/home/immigrant-places/roxbury/
   Google Scholar
• Denzin, N. (2015). What is critical qualitative inquiry. In G. S. Cannella, M. S. Pérez, & P. A. Pasque (Eds.), Critical qualitative inquiry: Foundations and futures (pp. 31–50). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Egan, M., Abba, K., Barnes, A., Collins, M., McGowan, V., Ponsford, R., Scott, C., Halliday, E., Whitehead, M., & Popay, J. (2021). Building collective control and improving health through a place-based community empowerment initiative: Qualitative evidence from communities seeking agency over their built environment. Critical Public Health, 31(3), 268–279. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2020.1851654
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairlie, R. W. (2020). The impact of covid-19 on small business owners: Evidence of early-stage losses from the April 2020 current population survey. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27309/w27309.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Fey, S., Bregendahl, C., & Flora, C. (2008). The measurement of community capitals through research. Online Journal of Rural Research & Policy, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.4148/ojrrp.v1i1.29
   Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald, M. A., Haynes, G. W., Schrank, H. L., & Danes, S. M. (2010). Socially responsible processes of small family business owners: Exploratory evidence from the national family business survey. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(4), 524–551. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2010.00307.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geronimus, A. T. (2000). To mitigate, resist, or undo: Addressing structural influences on the health of urban populations. American Journal of Public Health, 90(6), 867–872.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, J., Fischer, E. F., Fitzgerald, D., Harvey, T. S., & Thomas, F. (2022). The publics of public health: Learning from COVID-19. Critical Public Health, 32(5), 592–599. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2022.2077701
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinchliffe, S., Jackson, M. A., Wyatt, K., Barlow, A. E., Barreto, M., Clare, L., Depledge, M. H., Durie, R., Fleming, L. E., Groom, N., Morrissey, K., Salisbury, L., & Thomas, F. (2018). Healthy publics: Enabling cultures and environments for health. Palgrave Communications, 4(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0113-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kavanagh, S., Shiell, A., Hawe, P., & Garvey, K. (2022). Resources, relationships, and systems thinking should inform the way community health promotion is funded. Critical Public Health, 32(3), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2020.1813255
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, S., & Kim, A. (2021). Going viral or growing like an oak tree? Towards sustainable local development through entrepreneurship. Academy of Management Journal, 65(5), 1709–1746. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2018.0041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretzmann, J. P., & McKnight, J. (1993). Building communities from the inside out. Center for Urban Affairs and Policy Research, Neighborhood Innovations.
   Google Scholar
• Leung, S. (2021, February 5). City of Boston spent $2.1 billion in contracts over five years. Only 1.2 percent went to Black-owned and Latino-owned businesses. The Boston Globe. https://www.bostonglobe.com/2021/02/05/business/city-boston-spent-21-billion-contracts-over-five-years-less-than-1-percent-went-black-owned-or-latino-owned-businesses/
   Google Scholar
• Loewenson, R., Accoe, K., Bajpai, N., Buse, K., Abi Deivanayagam, T., London, L., Méndez, C. A., Mirzoev, T., Nelson, E., Parray, A. A., Probandari, A., Sarriot, E., Tetui, M., & van Rensburg, A. J. (2020). Reclaiming comprehensive public health. BMJ Global Health, 5(9), e003886. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lofton, S., Kersten, M., Simonovich, S. D., & Martin, A. (2022). Mutual aid organisations and their role in reducing food insecurity in Chicago’s urban communities during COVID-19. Public Health Nutrition, 25(1), 119–122. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021003736
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks, J. H. (2019). The perils of partnership: Industry influence, institutional integrity, and public health. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McKinsey and Company. (2020a, May). COVID-19’s effect on minority-owned small businesses in the United States. https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/covid%2019s%20effect%20on%20minority%20owned%20small%20businesses%20in%20the%20united%20states/covid-19s-effect-on-minority-owned-small-businesses-in-the-us-final.pdf
   Google Scholar
• McKinsey and Company. (2020b). Which small businesses are most vulnerable to COVID-19—And when | McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/americas/which-small-businesses-are-most-vulnerable-to-covid-19-and-when
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, F. G., & Taylor, B. (2020). Community health and urban revitalization in the 21st Century. American Journal of Health Studies, 35(2), 115–123. https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2020.195
   Google Scholar
• Ndumbe-Eyoh, S., & Moffatt, H. (2013). Intersectoral action for health equity: A rapid systematic review. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 1056. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-1056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panwar, R., Nybakk, E., Hansen, E., & Pinske, J. (2017). Does the business case matter? The effect of a perceived business case on small firms’ social engagement | SpringerLink. Journal of Business Ethics, 144(3), 597–608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2835-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pike, A., Rodríguez-Pose, A., & Tomaney, J. (2007). What kind of local and regional development and for whom? Regional Studies, 41(9), 1253–1269. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400701543355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter, M., & Kramer, M. (2011, January-February). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review.
   Google Scholar
• Prince, S., Edlebi, J., Mitchell, B., & Richardson, J. (2021). The COVID pandemic and its impacts on culturally significant businesses. National Community Reinvestment Coalition. https://ncrc.org/the-covid-pandemic-and-its-impacts-on-culturally-significant-businesses/
   Google Scholar
• QSR International Pty Ltd. (2021). NVivo qualitative data analysis software.
   Google Scholar
• Roxbury Crossing Historical Trust. (2020). Roxbury Crossing Historical Trust. http://rcht.org/roxbury-ma/
   Google Scholar
• Roxbury Historical Society. (2014, June 26). About Roxbury: A brief overview of the history of Roxbury. http://roxburyhistoricalsociety.org/about-roxbury/
   Google Scholar
• Roy, M. J. (2017). The assets-based approach: Furthering a neoliberal agenda or rediscovering the old public health? A critical examination of practitioner discourses. Critical Public Health, 27(4), 455–464. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2016.1249826
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnake-Mahl, A., & Norman, S. (2017). Building healthy places: How are community development organizations contributing? Cities & Health, 1(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2017.1327921
   Google Scholar
• Spade, D. (2020). Mutual aid: Building solidarity during this crisis (and the next). Verso Books.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, L., Werts, S., Ramanadhan, S., Heberlein, C., Singer, S., & Aveling, E. A. (2022). Can businesses be anchor institutions? Stanford social innovation review. https://ssir.org/articles/entry/can_businesses_be_anchor_institutions
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, L., Werts, S., Ramanadhan, S., Heberlein, C., Singer, S., & Aveling, E. A. (2022). Can businesses be anchor institutions? Stanford Social Innovation Review. https://ssir.org/articles/entry/can_businesses_be_anchor_institutions
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. (2022, March 30). The majority of U.S. businesses have fewer than five employees. Census.Gov. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/01/what-is-a-small-business.html
   Google Scholar
• Werts, S., Aveling, E. L., Taylor, L., Singer, S., Geller, A., & Ramanadhan, S. (2022). Overlooked potential of business-inclusive networks to amplify anchoring activity impact. American Journal of Health Promotion, 36(6), 920–922. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171221085452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (1986). The Ottawa charter for health promotion.
   Google Scholar
• Yosso, T. J. (2005). Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth. Race Ethnicity and Education, 8(1), 69–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/1361332052000341006
   Google Scholar