Spatial diffusion processes of Gelugpa monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism in Tibetan areas of China utilizing the multi-level diffusion model

References

• Beckmann, M. 1970. “Analysis of Spatial Diffusion Processes.” Papers, Regional Science Association 25: 109–117. doi:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1970.tb01480.x.
   Google Scholar
• Boisvert, M. 1995. The Five Aggregates: Understanding Theravada Psychology and Soteriology. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, L.A. 1981. Innovation Diffusion: A New Perspective. New York, USA: Methuen & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Chao, Z., Y. Zhao, and G. Liu. 2021. “Multi-Scale Spatial Patterns of Gelugpa Monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism in Tibetan Inhabited Regions, China.” GeoJournal. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10501-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Q.Y., and S.F. Gao. 2003. A Complete History of Tibet. Zhengzhou: Zhengzhou Ancient Books Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Cliff, A.D., and J.K. Ord. 1975. “Space Time Modelling with an Application to Regional Forecasting.” Transaction of the Institute of British Geographers 64: 119–128. doi:10.2307/621469.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coldefy, M., and S.E. Curtis. 2010. “The Geography of Institutional Psychiatric Care in France 1800-2000: Historical Analysis of the Spatial Diffusion of Specialized Facilities for Institutional Care of Mental Illness.” Social Science & Medicine 71: 2117–2129. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.09.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai, Y., and C. Du. 2012. “Khoshut Mongolian Troop and the Expansion of Gulu Monastery in Gansu and Qinghai in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties.” Journal of Northwest Normal University (Social Science) 49 (5): 58–64.
   Google Scholar
• Griffith, D., and B. Li. 2021. “Spatial-Temporal Modeling of Initial COVID-19 Diffusion: The Cases of the Chinese Mainland and Conterminous United States.” Geo-Spatial Information Science 24 (3): 340–362. doi:10.1080/10095020.2021.1937338.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagerstrand, T. 1952. The Propagation of Innovation Waves. Lund: Royal University of Lund, Dept. of Geography.
   Google Scholar
• Hagerstrand, T. 1953. “Innovationsförlopp ur korologisk synpunkt”. PhD-Thesis. Lund University. Translated into English by Allan Pred in 1957: Innovation diffusion as a spatial process. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hagerstrand, T. 1966. “Aspects of the Spatial Structure of Social, Communication and the Diffusion of Information.” Papers in Regional Science 16 (1): 27–42. doi:10.1007/BF01888934.
   Google Scholar
• Haining, R. 1983. “Spatial and Spatial-Temporal Interaction Models, and the Analysis of Patterns of Diffusion.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 8: 158–169. doi:10.2307/622109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes, K.E., and A.S. Fotheringham. 1984. Gravity and Spatial Interaction Models. Newbury Park: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Huang, M. 2010. Tubo Buddhism. Beijing: China Tibetology Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Huang, B. 2016. “Converting to Gelugpa Sect: The Evolution of the Politics-Religion Relationship of the Guge Kingdom in Ancient Tibet During the Yuan and Ming Dynasty.” Journal of Fujian Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) 196 (1): 104–113.
   Google Scholar
• Kendall, D.G. 1965. “Mathematical Models of the Spread of Infection”. In Mathematics and Computer Sciences in Biology and Medicine, edited by Medical Research Council, 213–225. London: Oldbourne Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J., J. Lay, W.B. Chin, Y. Chi, and Y. Hsueh. 2014. “An Experiment to Model Spatial Diffusion Process with Nearest Neighbor Analysis and Regression Estimation.” International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 5 (1): 1–15. doi:10.4018/ijagr.2014010101.
   Google Scholar
• Li, S. 2013. “Time and Space Distribution of Gelug Sect of Tibetan Buddhism Temples in Northern Tibetan-Yi Corridor and Its Features in the Qing Dynasty.” Journal of Northwest University (Social Sciences) 50 (4): 79–83. doi:CNKI:SUN:XBSD.0.2013-04-012.
   Google Scholar
• Morrill, R., G.L. Gaile, and G.I. Thrall. 1988. Spatial Diffusion. Newbury Park: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Niu, T. 2016. “A Brief Analysis on the Distribution of the Gelug Sect Temples of Tibetan Buddhism.” Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology (Social Science Edition) 35 (6): 62–86. doi:10.15986/j.1008-7192.2016.06.012.
   Google Scholar
• Norpu. 2012. “On the Three Predicaments of the Gelugpa Sect in Its History.” Journal of Tibet University (Social Science Edition) 27 (1): 70–78. doi:10.16249/j.cnki.1005-5738.2012.01.015.
   Google Scholar
• Otterstrom, S.M. 2012. “International Spatial Diffusion of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.” Territory in Movement Journal of Geography and Planning 13: 102–130. doi:10.4000/tem.1630.
   Google Scholar
• Park, C.C. 1994. Sacred Worlds: An Introduction to Geography and Religion. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Pu, W. 2001. Buddhism History in Qinghai. Xining: Qinghai People’s Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Pu, W. 2013. The Series of Tibetan Buddhist Monasteries in China. Lanzhou: Gansu Ethnic Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Ryavec, K.E. 2015. A Historical Atlas of Tibet. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ryavec, K.E., and M. Henderson. 2015. “Core-Periphery GIS Model of the Historical Growth and Spread of Islam in China.” Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History 48 (2): 103–111. doi:10.1080/01615440.2014.996273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tita, G., and J. Cohen. 2004. “Measuring Spatial Diffusion of Shots Fired Activity Across City Neighborhoods.” In Spatially Integrated Social Science, edited by M.F. Goodchild, D.G. Janelle, 171–204. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tobler, W.R. 1970. “A Computer Movie Simulating Urban Growth in the Detroit Region.” Economic Geography 46 (Supplement): 234–240. doi:10.2307/143141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, K. 2009. “Study on the historical geography of Tibetan Buddhism in Kham Tibetan Area (8th century AD-1949).” Ph.D. diss., Jinan University.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, K. 2010. “Study on the Expansion of Gelug Sect’s Influence in Kham Tibetan Area in the 15th-18th Century: Take Monasteries as the Carrier.” China Tibetology 4: 38–45. doi:CNKI:SUN:CTRC.0.2010-04-008.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, S. 2010. A Brief History of Tibetan Buddhism. Beijing: Tibetology Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, K. 2011. “Research on the Expansion of the Gelug Sect of Tibetan Buddhism in Kham and the Spatial Distribution of Its Temples in the Historical Period.” Historical Geography 1: 221–237.
   Google Scholar
• Xia-wu-li-jia. 2014. “Dissemination and Distribution Characteristics of Tsongkhapa’s Theory in Yushu.” Tibetan Plateau Forum 2 (2): 60–65.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, H. 2015. “The Spreading Activities of Gelug Sect in Ganzi in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties.” Chinese Culture Forum 9: 110–113.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, J., M. Tsou, K. Janowicz, K.C. Clarke, and P. Jankowski. 2019. “Reshaping the Urban Hierarchy: Patterns of Information Diffusion on Social Media.” Geo-Spatial Information Science 22 (3): 149–165. doi:10.1080/10095020.2019.1641970.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, H., J. Lee, X. Ye, and J. Tyner. 2017. “Spatiotemporal Analyses of Religious Establishments in Coastal China.” GeoJournal 82: 971–986. doi:10.1007/s10708-016-9726-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, P. 2006. “The research of the historical-cultural geography of the Tibetan Buddhism in Qinghai.” Ph.D. diss., Shaanxi Normal University.
   Google Scholar