Bio-monitoring of DNA damage in matchstick industry workers from Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

References

• Pak afro group import export and trading house. Available at: http://www.pakafro.com/safety%20match.html (accessed at 2014 Sept 9).
   Google Scholar
• Fung IW, Tam VW, Lo TY, et al. Developing a risk assessment model for construction safety. Int J Project Manag. 2010;28:593−600.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed S, Ali TH, Tam WYV. National culture and safe work behavior of construction workers in Pakistan. Saf Sci. 2009;47:29−35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassan S Match design with burn preventative safety stem construction and selectively impregnable scenting composition mean. 1999. Available at: https://www.Google.com/patents/US5865862 (accessed 2014 Sept 10).
   Google Scholar
• Robert CA. Palaeopathology and its relevance to understanding health and disease today: the impact of the environment on health. Anthropological Rev. 2016;79:1−6.
   Google Scholar
• Aranyi C (1984) Research and development on inhalation toxicologic evaluation of red phosphorus/butyl rubber combustion products, Phase 3 Report. AD-A173549. IIT Research Institute, Chicago, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts CA, Caffell A, Filipek-Ogden KL, et al. ‘Til poison phosphorous brought them death’: a potentially occupationally-related disease in a post-medieval skeleton from north-east England. Int J Paleopathol. 2016;13:39−48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers ML, McGlothlin JD. Matchmakers’ “phossy jaw” eradicated. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1996;4:330–332.
   Google Scholar
• Salocks C, Kaley KB. Technical support document: toxicology clandestine drug labs/methamphetamine. Ephedrine Pseudoephedrine. 2003;1:13.
   Google Scholar
• 4˗Red Phosphorous Smoke. National research council. Toxicity of military smokes and obscurants: volume 1. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Khisroon M, Gul A, Khan A, et al. Comet assay based DNA evaluation of fuel filling stations and automobile workshops workers from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2015;10:27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman L, Castranova V, Ding M. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) for evaluating nanoparticles-induced DNA damage in cells. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;906:415˗22.
   Google Scholar
• Speit G, Rothfuss A. The comet assay: a sensitive genotoxicity test for the detection of DNA damage and repair. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;920:79−90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson D, Laubenthal J. Analysis of DNA damage via single-cell electrophoresis. Methods Mol Biol. 2013;1054:209−218.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nandhakumar S, Parasuraman S, Shanmugam MM, et al. Evaluation of DNA damage using single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet Assay). J Pharmacol Pharmacotherapeutics. 2011;2:107−111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cortés-Gutiérrez IE, Dávila-Rodríguez IM, José LuísFernández JL. New application of the comet assay: chromosome-comet assay. J Histochem Cytochem. 2011;59:655−660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, et al. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res. 1988;175:184−91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins AR. The comet assay for DNA damage and repair: principles, applications, and limitations. Mol Biotechnol. 2004;26:249–261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khisroon M, Khan A, Imran M, et al. Biomonitoring of DNA damage in individuals exposed to brick kiln pollution from Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2018;73:115−120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akbar H, Khan A, Mohammadzai I, et al. The Genotoxic effect of oxcarbazepine on mice blood lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2018;41:135−140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khisroon M, Khan A, Naseem M, et al. Evaluation of DNA damage in lymphocytes of radiology personnel by comet assay. J Occup Health. 2015;57:268−274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyjovska ZO, Jacobsen NR, Saber AT, et al. DNA damage following pulmonary exposure by instillation to low doses of carbon black (Printex 90) nanoparticles in mice. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2015;56:41−49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu CH, Han B, Liu M. Phosphine-induced oxidative damage in rats: attenuation by melatonin. Free Radic Biol Medical. 2000;28:636–642.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu CH. Quistad GB and Casida JE. Phosphine-induced oxidative stress in Hepa 1c1c7 cells. Toxicological Sci. 1998;46:204–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhry MQ. A review of the mechanisms involved in the action of phosphine as an insecticide and phosphine resistance in stored-product insects. Pestic Sci. 1997;49:213–228.
   Google Scholar
• Bolter CJ, Chefurka W. Extramitochondrial release of hydrogen peroxide from insect and mouse liver mitochondria using the respiratory inhibitors phosphine, myxothiazol, and antimycin and spectral analysis of inhibited cytochromes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1990. 278:65–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolter CJ, Chefurka W. The effect of phosphine treatment on superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase in the granary weevil, Sitophilusgranarius. Pestic Biochem Physiol. 1990;36:52–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonassi S, Milić M, Neri M. Frequency of micronuclei and other biomarkers of DNA damage in populations exposed to dust, asbestos and other fibers. A systematic review. Mutation Res. 2016;770:106−118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller P, Knudsen LE, Loft S, et al. The comet assay as a rapid test in biomonitoring occupational exposure to DNA-damaging agents and effect of confounding factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prevent. 2000;9:1005–1015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolognesi C, Perrone E, Landini E. Micronucleus monitoring of a floriculturist population from western Liguria, Italy. Mutagenesis. 2002;17:391–397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sailja N, Chandrashekhar M, Rekhadevi PV, et al. Genotoxic evaluation of workers employed in pesticide production. Mutat Res. 2006;609:74–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa S, Coelho P, Costa C, et al. Genotoxic damage in pathology anatomy laboratory workers exposed to formaldehyde. Toxicology. 2008;252:40–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chadha P, Yadav JS. Studies on the genotoxicity of Gutkha. Int J Hum Genet. 2011;11:277–282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rojas E, Valverde M, Sordo M, et al. DNA damage in exfoliated buccal cells of smokers assessed by the single cell gel electrophoresis assay. Mutation Res. 1996;370:115–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu CQ, Lam TH, Jiang CQ. Lymphocyte DNA damage in bus manufacturing workers. Mutation Res. 2001;491:173–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sardas S, Cimen B, Karsli S, et al. Comparison of genotoxic effect between smokeless tobacco (Maras powder) users and cigarette smokers by the alkaline comet assay. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2008;00:1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann D, Hecht S. Advances in tobacco carcinogenesis. In: Cooper CS, Grover PL, editors. Chemical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. Handbook of experimental pharmacology. Vol. 94/1, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 1990. p. 63–102.
   Google Scholar
• International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene.Vol. 82,  Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2002; p.1–601
   Google Scholar
• Zhu CQ, Lam TH, Jiang CQ, et al. Lymphocyte DNA damage in cigarette factory workers measured by the Comet assay. Mutat Res. 1999;444:1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baltaci V, Aygu¨ N N, Akyol D, et al. Chromosomal aberrations and alkaline comet assay in families with habitual abortion. Mutat Res. 1998;417:47–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeljezic D, Garaj-Vrhovac V. Chromosomal aberration and single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay in the longitudinal risk assessment of occupational exposure to pesticides. Mutagenesis. 2001;16:359–363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover PK, Danadevi M, Mahboob R, et al. Evaluation of genetic damage in workers employed in pesticide production utilizing the comet assay. Mutagenesis. 2003;18:201–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann H, Ho¨Gel J, Speit G. The effect of smoking on DNA effects in the comet assay: a meta-analysis. Mutagenesis. 2005;20:455–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orsiere T, Sari-Minodier I, Iarmarcovai G, et al. Genotoxic risk assessment of pathology and anatomy laboratory workers exposed to formaldehyde by use of personal air sampling and analysis of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes. Mutation Res. 2006;605:30−41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viegas S, Nunes C, Malta-Vacas J, et al. Genotoxic effects in occupational exposure to formaldehyde: a study in anatomy and pathology laboratories and formaldehyde-resins production. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2010;5:25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann H, Speit G. Assessment of DNA damage in peripheral blood of heavy smokers with the comet assay and the micronucleus test. Mutat Res. 2005;58:105–114.
   Google Scholar
• Bonassi S, Neri M, Lando C, et al. Effect of smoking habit on the frequency of micronuclei in human lymphocytes: results from the Human MicroNucleus project. Mutat Res. 2003;543:155−166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar