Temple eye banking: cornea donation practice at Pashupati crematorium in Nepal

References

• Aurolab. (2021). Retrieved March 15, 2021, from https://www.aurolab.com/cornisol.asp
   Google Scholar
• Bajracharya, L., Sachit, K. B., & Twyana, S. N. (2020). Donor profile, tissue evaluation and comparison of voluntary and motivated corneal donation in Nepal eye bank. Clinical Ophthalmology, 2020(14), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.2147/opth.s225922
   Google Scholar
• Bloch, M., & Parry, J. (1982). Death and the regeneration of life. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511607646
   Google Scholar
• Brilliant, L. B., Pokhrel, R. P., Grasset, N. C., Lepkowski, J. M., Kolstad, A., Hawks, W., Pararajasegaram, R., Brilliant, G. E., Gilbert Shrestha, S. R., & Kuo, J. (1985). Epidemiology of blindness in Nepal. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 63(2), 375–386. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3874717/
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carrithers, M., Collins, S., & Lukes, S. (Eds.). (1985). The category of the person. Anthropology, philosophy, history. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dangol, N. (2010). Sana Guthi and the Newars: Impacts of modernization on traditional social organizations [ Unpublished master thesis]. Tromsø University.
   Google Scholar
• Davies, J. D. (1997). Death, ritual and belief. Cassell.
   Google Scholar
• Dixit, H. (2014). Nepal’s quest for health (The health services of Nepal). Educational Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Dube, L. C., & Rawat, V. R. S. (2013). Clean cremation. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Filev, F., Bigdon, E., Steinhorst, N. A., Kammal, A., Schröder, C., Wulff, B., Linke, S., Feuerstacke, J., & Hellwinkel, O. (2018). Donor cornea harvest techniques: Comparison between globe enucleation and in situ corneoscleral disc excision. Cornea, 37(8), 957–963. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICO.0000000000001622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filippi, G. G. (1996). Mrtyu: Concept of death in Indian traditions. D.K. Printworld (P) Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Flood, G. (1996). An introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fred Hollows Foundation. (2020). Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://www.hollows.org/
   Google Scholar
• Gulati, M. (2014). Shankha Twyana: New is never new. SightLife 2014. Retrieved June 5, 2020, from http://viewpoints.sightlife.org/global/article/shankha_twyana_new_is_never_new
   Google Scholar
• Gupta, N., Vashist, P., Ganger, A., Tandon, R., & Gupta, S. R. (2018). Eye donation and eye banking in India. The National Medical Journal of India, 31(5), 283–286. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-258x.261189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadders, H. (2001). The gift of the eye. Mortuary ritual performed by the jadopatias in the santal villages of Bengal and Bihar; India. Trondheim: Trondheim Occasional Papers in Social Anthropology no. 8. NTNU-trykk.
   Google Scholar
• Hadders, H. (2013). Cremation in Norway: Regulation, challenges and changes. Mortality, 18(2), 195–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2013.786033
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hadders, H. (2017). Establishment of electric crematorium in Nepal: Continuity, changes and challenges. Mortality, 23(1), 19–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2016.1274298
   Google Scholar
• Hamdy, S. (2016). All eyes on Egypt: Islam and the medical use of dead bodies amidst cairo’s political unrest. Medical Anthropology, 35(3), 220–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2015.1040879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harper, I. (2014). Development and public health in the Himalaya. Reflections on healing in contemporary Nepal. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315852508
   Google Scholar
• Heiden, D. (2002). Dr Sanduk Ruit and corneal transplantation in Nepal. The Western Journal of Medicine, 176(1), 71–72. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/2Fewjm.176.1.71
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hertz, H. (1960). A contribution to the study of the collective representations of death. In Rodney and C. Needham (Eds.), Death and the right hand (pp. 27–86). Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• His Majesty’s Government Nepal. (1987). [V.S. 2044]. Pashupati area development trust act. Retrieved June 29, 2016, from http://www.lawcommission.gov.np/en/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/pashupati-area-development-trust-act-2044-1987.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Lawlor, M., & Kerridge, I. (2011). Anything but the eyes: Culture, identity, and the selective refusal of corneal donation. Transplantation, 15(2), 1188–1190. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e318235c817
   Google Scholar
• Lawlor, M., & Kerridge, I. (2014). Understanding selective refusal of eye donation. Identify, beauty, and interpersonal relationships. Bioethical Inquiry, 11(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-013-9497-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lock, M. (2002). Twice dead. Organ transplants and the reinvention of death. University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Maharjan, L., Shah, A., Shrestha, K. B., & Shrestha, G. (2015). Errors in cause-of-death statement on death certificates in intensive care unit of Kathmandu, Nepal. BMC Health Service Research, 15, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-1168-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metcalf, P., & Huntington, R. (1991). Celebrations of death, the anthropology of mortuary ritual (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803178
   Google Scholar
• Michaels, A. (2008). Siva in trouble. Festival and rituals at the Pasupatinatha Temple of Doepatan. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195343021.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Michaels, A. (2011). To whom does the Pashupainath Temple of Nepal belong? In J. Pfaff-Czarnecka & G. Toffin (Eds.), The politics of belonging in the Himalayas: Local attachments and boundary dynamics (pp. 125–143). Sage Publications India Pvt Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9788132107729
   Google Scholar
• Michaels, A. (2016). Homo ritualis. Hindu ritual and its significance for ritual theory. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190262624.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health, Nepal. (2016a, June 8). Nepal demographic and health survey 2016. Ministry of Health. https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR336/FR336.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health, Nepal. (2016b, June 15). Amendment of the current human organ transplant act 2016. Ministry of Health. https://hotc.org.np/news/amendment-of-the-current-human-organ-transplant-act-1998/
   Google Scholar
• Mol, A. (2002). The body multiple: Ontology in medical practice. Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nepal Eye Bank. (2019). Go for sight. Tilganga institute of ophthalmology.
   Google Scholar
• Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh. (2020, August 8). http://nnjs.org.np/
   Google Scholar
• Nikpoor, N., Hansen, E. D., Mathew, S., Oliva, M. S., Tabin, G., & Ruit, S. (2018). Elimination of preventable blindness: Can success in Nepal be replicated in Africa? Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Health, 2018(5), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.2147/IEH.S133527
   Google Scholar
• Nugteren, A. (2016). Wood, water and waste: Material aspects of mortuary practices in South Asia. In F. Ferrari, & T. W. P. Dähnhardt (Eds.), Roots of wisdom, branches of devotion. Plant life in South Asian traditions (pp. 118–141). Equinox Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Paneru, P., Samyog, U., Shyam, B. S., Yadav, B. K., & Suman, B. L. (2019). Willingness to become deceased organ donors among post-graduate students in selected colleges in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health, 3(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.77
   Google Scholar
• Parry, J. (1994). Death in Banaras. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pokhrel, R. P. (2018). Eye care in four decades in Nepal. Nepal Journal of Ophthalmology, 10(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v10i1.21660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punam, D., & Pratiksha, G. (2017 Awareness and stigma regarding eye donation among community people living in Butwal – 6, Laxminagar, Nepal). European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 4 (4) 248 – 257.
   Google Scholar
• Relin, D. O. (2013). Second suns: Two doctors and their amazing quest to restore sight and save lives. Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Robben, A. C. G. M. (Ed). (2004). Death, mourning, and burial: A cross-cultural reader. Blackwell Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Röck, D., Wude, J., Yoeruek, E., Bartz-Schmidt, K. U., & Röck, T. (2016). Evaluation of factors limiting corneal donation. Annals of Transplantation, 21(1), 701–707. https://doi.org/10.12659/aot.900456
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ruit, S., Tabin, G., Gurung, R., Shattuck, T., Murchison, A., & Dimmig, J. (2002). Temple eye banking in Nepal. Cornea, 21(4), 433–434. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003226-200205000-00025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, B. K. (2013). From this world to the next. Christian identity and funerary rites in Nepal. Wipf and Stock Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Simpson, B. (2017). Local virtue and global vision. The practice of eye donation in contemporary Sri Lanka. Medicine Anthropology Theory, 4(4), 150–170. http://journals.ed.ac.uk/index.php/mat/article/view/3970
   Google Scholar
• Simpson, B., & Douglas Davis, R. (2017). New immortalities. Death, donation, and dedication in the twenty-first century. Medicine Anthropology Theory, 4(4), 1–21. http://www.medanthrotheory.org/article/view/3972
   Google Scholar
• TIO. (2020, June 25). Tilganga institute of ophthalmology. http://tilganga.org/
   Google Scholar
• Twyana, N. S. (2002). Socio-cultural factors influencing eye donation in Nepal [ MA thesis]. Tribhuvan University.
   Google Scholar
• Van Gennep, A. (1960). The rites of passage. Routledge & Kegan Paul.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, D. A. L. (2019). Eradicating blindness. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar